A.

Achromatism, Hall, Dollond, 384.
Adelhard, translation of Euclid,
105.

Alexandria, school of, 33. Second
school, 69.

Algebra in successive ages, 14. 104.
112. 121, 122. 190. 195. 212. 220.
222.

Alhazen, optics, 97.

Alphonso X. cultivates astronomy,
115.

Analysis largely cultivated on the

Continent from the first, 367.
Recent progress in England, 368.
Anaxagoras, gravity, reflected light
of the moon, 21. Atoms, 24.
Anaximander, 18. 24.
Anaximenes, 18. 24.
Ancient science, decline of, 79.

Remarks on its progress and cha-
racter, 80. Philosophical systems,
85. Mistakes as to object of Na-
tural Philosophy, 90.
Apollonius Pergæus, conic sections,
47. Asymptotes, 49. Osculating
circle; evolute, 50. Maxima and
minima; geometric loci; analy-
sis, 51.

Arabians, science among the, 94.
Astronomy; trigonometry, 95.
Archimedes, 40. Geometry; arc
of parabola, 41. Sphere, cone,
and cylinder; area of circle, 42.
Spiral; mechanics; property of
lever, 43. Centre of gravity;
burning mirrors, 44. Hydrosta-
tics; specific gravity, 45. Float-
ing bodies; union of mathematics
with physics, 46.
Archytas, invented the pulley and
screw, 26.

Aristarchus, solar system; paral-

lax of fixed stars; distances of
sun and moon, 53.
Aristotle, gravity and levity; Na-
ture's horror of a vacuum, 25.

Earth, figure and magnitude of;
Eratosthenes, 53. Snell, Nor-
wood, Fernel, Picard, 269.
Egyptians, their early science, 15.
Empedocles, 21. Optical specula-
tions, 27.

Epicurus, atoms; heat and light;
magnetism, 25. Optics, 27.
Equations, theory of: Pelitarius;
Bombelli, 123. Vieta, 124. Gi
rard, 125. Harriot, 126.
Eratosthenes, magnitude of earth,
53. Solstices, 54.
Euclid, elements of geometry; cor-
ruption of text; restrictions, 34.
character of contents, 35. Ele-
mentary methods, 36. Exhaus-
tions; limit, 39.

Eudoxus, opposes solar system, 23.
Euler, 372.

G:

Galileo, his early progress, 158.
Opposition to the Aristotelian
philosophy, 159. Treatise on me-
chanics, 160. Falling bodies and
projectiles, 161. Invention of the
telescope, 163. Astronomical
discoveries, 166. Confirmation
of the Copernican system, 169.
Hydrostatics, 170. Progress of
the new opinions, 171. Galileo
summoned before the inqui-
sition; dialogues on the system,
172. Second summons before the
inquisition, and abjuration, 176.
Dialogues on motion, 178. His
celebrity; death, 180. Influence
of his writings, 181. Remarks
on the reception of his doctrines
by the church, 182.
Gassendi, 238.

General physics, 18. 23. 25. 62. 64.
80. 127. 254. 387.

Geometry in successive ages, 13,
15. 17. 28. 30. 34. 37, 39, 40. 47. 51.
75. 78. 95. 105. 119. 153. 194. 212.
219. 293. 362.

Geometry of the ancients, 31.
Want of connection between
these and the physical sciences;
contrast in the vagueness of the
one, and precision of the other,
32.

Gerbert introduces decimal arith-
metic, 104.

Gilbert, magnetism, 128. Electri-
city, 129.

Gravitation, approaches to the
theory of; Bouillaud, Borelli,
Hooke, Wallis, and Wren, 264.
Discovery of, by Newton, 321.
Greeks, early, science of, 18. 23.

28.

Gregory, James, reflecting teles-
cope, 247.

Gresham college, 195.
Guido, Ubaldi, oblique forces, 130.
H.

Halley, observations on stars;
transits of Mercury and Venus,
271. Theory of the moon, 273.
Halley's comet; measures of arc of
meridian; transit of Venus, 380.
Heat, discoveries relating to, 388.
Hebrews not cultivators of science,
17.

Hero; hydrostatic machines; air.
pump; theory of suction, 61.
Herschel, Sir W., telescopes, Ura-
nus, double stars, 382.

Hevelius libration of the moon,
242.

Kepler, his early pursuit of astro-
nomy, 144. Theory of the pla-
netary orbits, 145. Treatise on
the motions of Mars, 147. No-
tion of gravity, 148. First two
laws of the planetary motions,
150. Dioptrics; refraction, 151.
Structure of the eye, 152. Per-
secution; Stereometry, 153. Har-
monics, 154. Third law, 156.
Rudolphine tables; death, 157.
L.

Lagrange, 370. 372.
Laplace, 373.

Leonarda introduces algebra into
Europe, 112.

Lucas de Burgo, improvements in
algebra, 120.

M.

Maclaurin, Colin, 366. 372.
Mæstlin, 137.

Mariner's compass, 113.
Marriotte, elasticity and compress-
ing force of the air, 237.
Maurolycus, geometry, 120. Optics,
127.

Mechanical powers, practical ori-
gin, 26.

Mechanics and dynamics, 26. 60.
129, 130. 160. 178. 252. 313. 368.
Menechme, geometry, 30.
Middle ages, state of science, 101.
Monasteries, preservation of an-
cient remains, 102.
Muller (Regiomontanus), 116.

N.

Napier, invention of logarithms;
trigonometrical formula, 190.
Nautical astronomy, 381.
Negative sign, 125.

Newton, Isaac, his birth and early
Mathematical
progress, 276.
studies; analysis of light, 277.
Prismatic experiments, 279. Re-
flecting telescope, 280. Attacks
on his optical experiments, 283.
Periodical colours, 286. Theory of
fits, 288. Inflexion, 291. Mathe-
matical discoveries; series and
fluxions, 293. Binomial theorem,
294. Correspondence with Leib-
nitz, 296. Sketch of system, 297.
Controversy on the claims of
Newton and Leibnitz, 308. At-
tacks on the principle, 312. Dy-
namical discoveries, 313. Central
forces, 315. Curvilinear orbits,
316. Attractions of bodies; mole-
cular theory of light, 320. System
of the world, 321. General view
Remarks
of the system, 325.

on the style of the Principia,
335. History of the discoveries,
338. Its progress, 342. Newton's
miscellaneous studies, 348. His
illness, 350. Subsequent pur-
suits, 353. Death; philosophical
character, 358,
Nicetas, 20.
Nicomedes, 51.