Abipones, the, 214, 421
Abors, the, 148, 346

Abortion, practice of, among the
Abipones, 422; Australian abori-
gines, 70; Fijians, 96; Itelmen, 283;
Kaffirs, 176; Knisteneaux, 230, 419;
Polynesians, 78, 79 n., 86; Talkotins,
238; Tasmanians, 76, 420
motives for, among primitive peoples,
419, 423
Absolute Morality, Mr H. Spencer's
opinion as to, 60

N.;

Absolution (religious), use of, among
ancient Mexicans, 465

Abyssinians, the, 191, 339, 361; com-
parison of the, with the Persians, 191
Achinese, the, 282

Actas, the. [See Phillipines]
Actions, change in moral character of,
how effected, 336, 341; condemna-
tion of certain, by spirits invoked in
oaths and ordeals, 346
Adoption, practice of, by the Ameri-
can Indians, 239, 241, 242 n. ; object
of, among eastern peoples, 316;
among the Greeks and Romans,
317 n.

Adultery [see Sexual Morality];
punishments for, 170, 180, 292, 293;
primitive notion as to, 351
Aesthetic conscience, the, 18
Affection, marriages of, among the
Afghans, 375; Bedouins,
Toorkmuns, 376

377;

Affectionate disposition of the Austra-
lian aborigines, 54; Fijians, 95;
Hottentots, 203; Madecasses, 440;
Zandey, 201.

Affections, slight influence of the,
among primitive peoples, 55;
family, [see Family Affections];
social, [see Social Affections]
Afghans, the, 356, 358, 369, 374, 375,
394, 475

Africa, natives of, 158 seq., 318, 325,
421, 426, 427, 429, 435 seq. [see

Abyssinians, Amharas, Amoshagh,
Arabs, Ashantees, Bakwains, Bechu-
anas, Berbers, Bornuese, Bosjes-
mans, Congo, Dahomans, Damaras,
Dinkas, Fans, Fantees, Fezzanese,
Foulahs, Gallas, Gallinas, Guinea,
Hottentots, Kabyles, Katirs, Kych,
Latookas, Mandingos, Mpongwe,
Monbuttu, Moors, Negroes, Nyffé,
Osheba, Soudan, Wahuma, Zandey,
Zulus]; comparison of, with Made-
casses, 158, 167; (East), natives of,
158, 162; (North), natives of, 182
seq.; (South), natives of, 327, 439;
(West), natives of, 158, 162, 326,
439

Agades, the, 183

Aged, abandonment of the, by the
Chepewyans, 231; Jakuts, 264
Lapps, 267; Prairie Indians, 229
Shoshones, 228; Talkotins, 238
put to death among the Fijians, 96;
Koraks, 260; Tehuktchis, 259, 261
Agyd, the, or military head of the
Bedouins, 386

Alaska, natives of, 259
Albanians, the, 378

Aleuts, the, 262; comparison of the,
with the Eskimos, 251 n.
Alfred (King), laws of, 365
Allegiance, oath of, of the Madecasses,
345; tribute of, among the Poly-
nesians, 344; (family), fidelity to,
of the ancient Germans, 372; of the
ancient Irish, 372

Alms-giving, precepts of Gautama as
to, 470; religious nature of, among
the Afghans, 476;
among the
Hindus, 472 seq.
Althing, the Icelandic, 387
Altruism (true), absence of, from

Eastern religions, 480; teaching of
Buddhism as to, 463

Altruistic sentiments, 33, 411 seq. [see
Benevolence, Charity, Virtues,
(active)]; relation of, to sympathy

415, 417, 432; to the sexual instinct,
419; to the maternal instinct, 419,
430; dependence of the development
of, on the family idea, 433, 445;
genesis of, 443 influence of reflec-
tion over development of, 443; of
the religious sanction over the, 443
Amazons,
common origin of the
natives of the, 210
America, aborigines of, 242, 344, 425,
428, 434, 439; (North), aborigines
of, 225 seq., 284 n., 315 n., 318, 324
[see Alaska, Aleuts, Apaches, Appa-
lachians, Aztecs, Californians, Cath-
lamahs, Chawanons, Chepewyans,
Chichimecs, Chinnooks, Comanches,
Chohoptins, Chopunnish, Clatsops,
Creeks, Eskimos, Flatheads, Fraser
River Indians, Greenlanders, Ince-
shurs, Ingeletes, Kadiaks, Killy-
mucks, Knisteneaux, Kootenais,
Louisiana, Mandans, Mayas, Mexi-
cans, New England, Nootkas,
Senecas, Skilloots, Sokulks, Spokans,
Takahli, Talkotins, Tehuktchis,
Tinneh, Tsimsheeans, Utah, Virginia,
Wallah-Wallah, Yukons]; compari-
son of, with Dyaks, 284 n.
America (South), aborigines of, 210
seq. [see Abipones, Amazons, Antis,
Arawaks, Aymaras, Brazil,Caishánas,
Caribs, Conibos, Coroados, Cucamas,
Guiana, Mundurucús, Múras, Para-
guay, Purananátes, Patagonia, Peru,
Quechuas, Tchuelches, Ticunas];
civilised peoples of, 350, 444
Amharas, the. [See Abyssinians]
Amóshagh, the. [See Berbers]
Ancestor Worship, development of,
438; association of, with full re-
cognition of the family, 438;
practised by the Kafirs, 439; Made-
casses, 440; Santals, 135; Zulu,
439 n.

Andaman Islands, natives of the, 107;
resemblance of the, to Papuas,
106

Animals, emotions of, similar to those

of man, 42; supposed possession of
moral conscience by, 49; supposed
continued existence of, after death,
311; kind treatment of, by the
Burmese, 469; Juangs, 142; Siamese,
468; Turks, 478; superstitious re-
gard for particular, 318, 320; ideas
as to, among the American abori-
gines, 435; Burmese, 469; Siamese,

morality among, 353; development
of paternal authority among, 354
Antilles, Caribs of the, 224
Antis, the, 220
Apaches, the, 239
Apathetic temperament of the Aleuts,
262; Amazon Indians, 211; Ameri-
can aborigines, 212, 242; Aymaras,
218; Dyaks, 286; Greenlanders,
251; Guiana Indians, 222; Javanese,
287; Malays, 279, 283; Mongols,
274; Peruvian Indians, 222. [See
Despondent, Indolent, Reserved]
Appalachians, the, 225
Arabs [see Bedouins]; comparison of
the, with the Berbers, 190; with the
Turks, 478

Arawaks, the, 222
Arbitration, court of, among the
Morlacchi, 359; reference of quarrels
to, among the Abyssinians, 361;
Irish (ancient), 359; Norsemen, 360;
Romans, 359

Areoi Association, the, 78, 87, 420;
nature and origin of the, 456, 457
Armenians, oath of friendship of the,

452

Arru Islands. [See New Guinea]
Aryan peoples, immorality of some
ancient, 353

Ashantee, natives of, 168, 170
Asia, peoples of, 262 seq.; predatory
races of [see Afghans, Bedouins, Cir-
cassians, Toorkmuns]; (Southern),
peoples of, 467 seq.

Assam, hill tribes of, 145 seq., 346. [See
Abors, Chalikatas, Garos, Karens,
Miris, Mishmis, Pádam, Singphos]
Association of moral ideas, 27, 36
Associations (Fraternal) [see Brother-
hood Alliances]; (Free) among the
Scandinavians, 367; (Political) among
the early English, 366; (Religious)
among the West Africans, 436;
(Secret) among the West Africans,
436; among the American Indians,
459; comparison of, among the
American Indians, with the ancient
mysteries, 460

Assyrians, oath of friendship of the,
452

Astrology, influence of, among the
Madecasses, 153

469

Anthill, oath by, 345

Benevolence [see Altruistic Sentiments,
Charity, Virtues (active)]; nature
and phenomena of, 10, 12, 412 seq.;
practice of, among uncultured
peoples, 427; practice of, by the
Abors, 347; Afghans, 476; Bedouins,
396; Berbers, 190; Burmese, 470;
Greeks, 461; Hindus, 471; Japanese,
455; Lapps, 266; Ostiaks, 268;
Romans, 461; Shoshones, 228;
Siamese, 468; Turks, 478; due to
the genesis of emotions, 415; rela-
tion of, to the maternal instinct, 430;
foundation of, on the social instincts,
443; (Christian), superiority of, over
Buddhist, 480; (Turkish), religious
origin of, 478; (Universal), recogni-
tion of duty of, 462; wide-spread
spirit of, 462

Benevolent deity of the ancient Mexi-
cans, 464

Perbers, the, 187 seq.; comparison of
the, with the Algerian Arabs, 190;
with the Moors, 189. [See Moors]
Bhils, the, 142

Bhuiyas, the, 131; former wide ex-
tension of the, 132
Bhûmij, the, 138
Binderwurs, the, 122

Blood-feuds, recognition of, by the

European peoples, 357; existence
of, among the Afghans, 356; the
Africans (East), 159; Apaches, 240;
Australian aborigines, 69, 315, 357;
Bedouins, 356; Berbers, 190; Bhils,
143; Circassians, 356; Comanches,
240; Corsicans, 355 n.; Fijians, 96;
Garos, 146; Greenlanders, 251, 254;
Guiana Indians, 222; Hottentots,
205; Itelmen, 263; Kandhs, 131;
Mainotes, 354; Montenegrins, 355;
Moors, 189; Morlacchi, 355; Nagas,
147; Negritos, 107; Norsemen, 360,
371; Oráons, 125; Polynesians, 83
Sicilians, 355 n.; Tasmanians, 76;
means to prevent, employed by
the Australian aborigines, 357;
by the Nagas, 147; modes of ter-
minating, 338. [See Blood-revenge,
Feuds (hereditary)].

Blood-relationship, importance of, in

relation to social organization, 364
Blood-revenge [see Blood-feuds]; com-
pensation in lieu of, among the
Afghans, 358; Bedouins, 359; Be-
loochs, 358; Morlacchi, 359; Norse-
men, 360; in case of ordinary death,
312

Blood-shedding of the lex talionis, an
atonement, 358
Bodo, the, 145

Bones (human). [See Human bones]
Boomeas of India. [See India, abori-
gines of]

Borneo, natives of. [See Dyaks, Si-
buyan]

Bornuese, the, 184 seq.
Bosjesmans, the, 204, 205, 206, 329;
hatred shown to the, by the Hot-
tentots, 204

Brahmins, gifts to, a religious duty,
472

Brain development of the Australian
aborigines, 321

Braknas, the. [See Berbers]
Bravery displayed by the Caribs, 225;
Comanches, 240; Foulahs, 182;
Osheba, 165; Sandwich Islanders,
90; the predatory races, 403; origin
of the regard for, among savages,
47

Brotherhood, an imitation of the clan,
368; idea of, in the clan, 391; idea
of, essential to organisation of the
tribe, 391, 407, 434; application of
the idea of, to the nation, 393; the
Bedouins constitute a, 396; the
Chinese empire considered as a, 392;
extension of the principle of, 454
Brotherhood alliances, [see Friendship

engagements, Gilds]; entered into
among the American Indians, 455,
459; Bedouins, 395 n.; Berbers,
191; Burmese, 470; Chinese, 392;
English (early), 367, 392; Gallas,
195; Germans (ancient), 409; Japan-
ese, 318 n., 455; Kabyles, 191
Madecasses, 455; Norsemen, 367;
Oráons, 124; Polynesians, 90, 94,
420, 456 seq.; supernatural sanction
to, 344; (clan) absence of idea of
duty in relation to, 391.
Brotherhood associations, relation of,
to moral development, 409; forma-
tion of, 454; the ancient mysteries
considered as, 460
Brotherhood custom, influence of,
among the Sandwich Islanders, 90,
94.
Brotherhood
310 n., 391
Brothers of the gild, 366
Buddha (Gautama), 444, 462, 470, 474
Buddhism, altruistic nature of moral
teaching of, 463; influence of (sup-
posed), over Mexican moral teach-
ing, 464; influence of, over Hindu
morality, 471; moral influence of,
compared with Mohammedanism,
444; moral difference between,
and Christianity, subjective, 480;
(modern) slight moral influence of,
352

relationship in the clan,

82, 203; motives assigned for, by
the Ashantees, 74; Battas, 281;
origin of, 99; practice of, among
the Africans (West), 167; among
the American aborigines, 210, 243,
324; the Andaman Islanders, 109;
Ashantees, 174; Australian abori-
gines, 70; Binderwurs, 122; Caribs,
224; Celts (ancient), 399; Fijians,
98; Garos, 338; Greenlanders, 255;
Mexicans (ancient), 466 n.; Mon-
buttu, 200; New Caledonians, 100,
101; Papuas, 106; Polynesians, 82,
87, 98; Thibetans, 276; Zandey,
202

Capture. [See Marriage by capture,
Wife stealing]

Caribs, the, 223, 225, 434
Caroline Islanders, the, 458
Cathlamahs, the, 236
Cattle, highly valued by the Becbu-
anas, 179; Dinkas, 197 n.; Kafirs,
179, 180; Latookas, 197
Celibacy, practice of, among the Poly-
nesians, 458; enforced by Mexican
religious teaching, 465; considered
essential to spiritual purity, 465;
moral efficacy of, according to Bud-
dhism, 479

Celts, 399. [See Britons, Gauls, Irish]
Ceremonies, on initiation. [See Man-
hood, Tribe]

Chalikatas, the, 150, 312 n.
Chandalas, the, 113, 140 n., 143 n.
Charity [see Almsgiving, Benevo-
lence, Compassion, Altruistic senti-
ments, Virtues (active)]; acts of,
among the Burmese, 470; Greeks
(ancient), 461; Hindus, 471 seq.; Per-
sians, 477; enforced in the religious
teaching of the early Mexicans, 463;
general practice of, in the East, 475;
hospitality considered as, among
the Afghans, 476; life of, dedica-
tion of widows to, among the Hin-
dus, 473; ostentation of Turkish,
478; religious efficacy of, among
Hindus, 474, 479; selfish nature of,
among Eastern peoples, 480; Hin-
dus, 473: to strangers, displayed
by the Mandingos, 184; (Christian)
nature of, 412, 477; (Eastern) com-
parison of, with that of Christian
peoples, 477; (public) among the
Romans, 461

Chastity, sacrifice for offence against,
among the Dyaks, 284, 285, 389
Indian aborigines, 389; Màlers, 126;
Sumatrans, 280
Chawanons, the 226