the Egyptians, 176-ancient Greek
partiality for, 177-ancient mode of
capturing, 178-mode of procreation,
179-the sexes distinguishable, ib.
--Gesner's spontaneous production
theory, 180-supposed production
from chopped horse hair, ib.-not
viviparous, ib.-three species indi-
genous to the British Isles, 181-
migration of young eels from the
sea, 183-ascent of rocks, 184-eel-
fare, 185-elver-cakes, ib.-eel-fare
in the Thames, 186-eels pre-
eminently nocturnal animals, ib.-
unable to endure severe cold, ib.
tame eels, 187 ancients ac-
quainted with the art of taming, 183
-power of living out of water, ib.-
tenacious of life, ib.-their enemies,
189-anecdotes, 190-eel culture sug-
gested, ib.-eeleries in the British.
Isles, 191-places named from eels,
192-All-eel-day in Naples, 193—
question of wholesomeness, 194-uses
of eel-skin, 195-the conger, 196.
(See Conger.) The murena, 199.
Egypt, determination of the Viceroy to
suppress the slave trade, 130.
Electric telegraph, legend anticipating
the, 224.

Electrical eel, 199. (See Eels.)
Elizabeth's (Queen) treatment of her

maids that wished to marry, 455.
Emerson's (R. W.) English Traits and
Conduct of Life' reviewed, 42-intel-
lectual character, 47-observations on
England and the English, 49-on the
upper classes in England, 53.
English character drawn by R. W.
Emerson, 51.

Essays and Reviews, the Privy Council
judgment on, 529-the object of the
prosecution not to stifle discussion,
530-but to determine the compact
entered into by the national clergy,
531-parallel and contrast in the
National Reformed Church of France,
b. remarks on the constitution of the
Judicial Committee, 533-reversal of
the suspension of Dr. Williams and
Mr. Wilson, ib.-hailed as a great suc-
cess by the Liberal, Roman Catholic,
and Dissenting journals, 534-fallacy
respecting the liability of the Church
to have her sentences reversed, 538-
the Oxford Declaration, 539-the two
points assailed by the Essayists, ib.-
unanimity in receiving the Bible as
the Word of God, the link between
Dissenters and the Church, 540—evil
of shaking the general belief in eternal

punishment, ib.-antagonists brought
together by the love of common
truths, 541-the judgment powerless
in its immediate effect on the doctrines
of the Church, 542-but alters them
indirectly, ib.-strict legal effect of
the judgment, 544-the decision re-
lates only to particular extracts, 545
-Old Bailey acquittal' of the
accused, 546-its limited effect, ib.
-the Court while acquitting the
teacher has left the teaching un-
sanctioned, 548-two limitations in
the Church's acceptation of Scripture
as the Word of God, 550-solution of
a difficulty by supposing the writers
inspired, and not the book, 551-de-
ductions from this assumed law of
God's revelation, 552- everlasting
not necessarily 'lasting ever,' 553-
Bishop of London's Five Discourses,
554-grave consequences of the ac-
quittals, 556-effect on the laity of
the Church, 558-necessity for re-
form in the Appellate Jurisdic-
tion, 560-evil of the selection
of the judges by the government
of the day, 565-origin of the Ju-
dicial Committee's judging matters
of heresy, 565-historical foundation
for the redress required, 565-Mr.
Gladstone's letter to the Bishop of
London, 567-relation between the
Church and the Crown, 570-plan
proposed for change in the Constitu-
tion of the Court of Appeal, 576—on
the supremacy of the Crown in
things spiritual, 579-not endangered
by an alteration in the Court of Ap-
peal, 580.

Eyder (the), always the northern limit
of the Holy Roman Empire, 243.
(See Slesvig.)

F.

Fancy and Imagination distinguished,

55.

Fiorelli's additions to Pompeian litera-
ture, 315-persecuted by the late
Neapolitan Government, 319-his im-
proved system of excavation, 330-
wonderful casts from hollows in the
volcanic matter, 332. (See Pompeii.)
Foreign policy of England, 481-change
in foreign estimate of English cha-
racter, 482-our policy essentially one
of cowardice, 484-contrasted with a
policy of moderation, ib.-retrospect
of measures, 485-Brazil, ib.-King
Leopold's decision, 489-contrasted
with the violent demands of Earl

Russell, 492-Japan, 493-no pre-
cedent for Earl Russell's demands
from Japan, 496-they practically
amounted to væ victis,' 497-bom-
bardment of Kagosima, 499-Colonel
Neale's subsequent confession that
an impossibility was insisted on, ib.
-ferocity with weak Powers, pu-
sillanimity with strong, 500-timid
spirit in dealing with the United
States illustrated by the case of Mr.
Shaver, 501-of Mr. Rahming, &c.,
503-Earl Russell's policy on the
Continent of Europe, 504-his ina-
bility to perceive the connexion
between advice and action, 505-be-
ginning with menace, ending with
peace, 506-the Polish question, ib.-
Quixotism faltering at the sight of a
drawn sword, 507-menacing de-
spatch of Earl Russell to Prince
Gortchakoff, 509-his threat of war
to Baron Brunnow, 510- six points
demanded, 512-defiance by Prince
Gortchakoff, and humiliating retreat
of England, ib.-Earl Russell's re-
tractation of his statement that Russia
had forfeited her Treaty title to Po-
land, ib.-rebuffed by M. Drouyn de
Lhuys, 515-Danish affairs fruitful
in humiliation to England (see Den-
mark and Slesvig), 516-evis-
cerated despatches, 517 selection
from the menaces of the Government,
522-Lord Palmerston's speech pro-
mising assistance to Denmark, 527-
England's disloyalty and Denmark's
ruin, 528.

Ford (Gen.) first proposed protecting
forts by wrought iron, 171.
Forsyth's Life of Cicero' commended,

71-his 'Hortensius' contains a valu-
able account of Roman law, ib.
Fremantle's (Col.) Three Months in
the Southern States,' 289, 294.
French books on America, high cha-
racter of, 292.

Emperor the first to case ships
with iron, 154.
Frost's (Susan) heroism in the Irish
rebellion, 390.

to the Privy Council in spiritual
affairs, 569.

Grant's (Capt.) services in African dis-
covery, 130. (See Speke.)
Greek Art, history of, 74.
Gregorovius, work on Rome in the
Middle Ages, 201-his inaccuracies,
202-exaggerated Teutonic nation-
ality, 204. (See Rome.)

Gregory VII.'s (Pope) last words, 209.
Guns and Plates, 132-rifled guns a
necessity from the improvement in
small arms, ib.-ancient guns on the
built-up system, 134 the Mons
Meg, ib.-enormous calibre of the
Kemerlicks, ib.. gun-metal, ib. --
bronze guns, ib.-history of cast-iron
ordnance, ib.-superiority of wrought-
iron over cast-iron guns, 135-de-
velopment of crystalline structure,
136-guns of cast-steel, ib.-steel a
capricious material, 137-wrought-
iron in combination to strengthen
cast-iron, ib.-hooped guns have no
advantage over unhooped, ib.-object
of rifling, ib.-polygroove and two-
groove rifles, ib.-fit by expansion
and shot fitting mechanically, 142-
relative advantages of muzzle-loading
and breech-loading, ib.-principle of
Sir W. Armstrong's shells, 144-fuses
for rifled projectiles, 145-Armstrong
rifled artillery, ib.-his rifled gun in
China, 147-in New Zealand, ib.-in
the action off Kagosima, 153-Arm-
strong guns employed against iron-
plated targets, 155-shunt guns, ib.-
Armstrong shell for the rifled 12-ton
300-pounder, 157-experiments with
the 600-pounder at Shoeburyness, 159
-Whitworth's steel shot and shell,
160 -comparative merits of Arm-
strong and Whitworth guns, 165-
doubtful contest between guns and
iron-plates, 167-probable effect of
steel shell from the 600-pounder, ib.
-monster guns may be worked in
ships, 169-substitution of steel for
cast-iron shot necessary; ib.

Hawthorne's (Nathaniel) ideas of the
English character, 56-his 'female
Bull,' 59-coarseness, 60-illustra-
tions of his shallowness of observa-
tion, 61-feeling for the Old Home,'
63-nothing in his experience to
account for his acrimony, 64.
Hawkshaw's targets, 169.
Heron, peculiarity in the middle claw
of the, 190.

Manchester's (Duke of) Court and
Society, from Elizabeth to Anne,'

470.

Massena (Marshal), military character
of, 416-atrocities of his army, 423.
Maximilian, Archduke, 380.
Mayhew's description of a visit to the
Dutch eel-boats, 191.
Mediæval restorations, on, 346.
Mere's (F.) Palladis Tamia; Wit's
Treasury,' 438.

Mexico, evidences of its ancient civili-
zation and grandeur, 349-its re-
sources and probable future, 350-
geological formation of the Mexican
plateau, 351-opulence and splendour
of the Spaniards in, ib.-three distinct
climates, 352-rich flora, ib.-maize
its most important cereal, ib.-6000
annual victims on the altar of Huit-
zilopchtli, 352-sugar and coffee,
353-cocoa, vanilla, and cotton, 354
-tobacco and cochineal, 355-silver
the great staple, 356-silver mines, ib.
-gold mines, 357-fluctuations of
prosperity of mining interests, 358-
losses of an English company, ib.-
cost and profit of the Rosario mine,
359-Real del Monte mines, 360-
-annual shipments of silver, 362
-proportion of population to area
compared with that of several coun-
tries, ib.deficiency in river com-
munication, 363-foreign debt, ib.
-failure of the experiment of self-
government, ib. indigenous popu-
lation and immigration, 366-wild
tribes, 367-army, ib.-anarchy evi-
denced by 36 revolutions since its
independence, 368 -the liberal and
reactionary parties, 369-foreign in-
tervention sole means of saving the
country from ruin, ib.-murder of
British subjects, 371-General Or-
tega's seizure of the Anglo-Mexican
mint, 372- convention of 1862 be-
tween England, France, and Spain,
372-singular composition of the
combined expedition, 373-the Go-
vernment an organized brigandage,
375-Mexican 'dictamen' that the
Republican Government has igno-
miniously failed, 377-monarchical
predilections of the people, 378--
spoliation of Mexico by the United
States, 379-the Archduke Maximi-
lian, 380.

Middleton's Life of Cicero,' 70.
Moore's (Gen. Sir John), improvements
in military discipline, 392-necessity
for his retreat, 405.

Napier (Gen. Sir W.), testimony of
Gen. Shaw Kennedy to his genius,
381-his high moral and intellectual
qualities, ib.at twenty could re-
peat the whole of Pope's 'Iliad'
and 'Odyssey,' 383-study of the
military annals of Greece and Rome,
ib.-in arms during the Irish rebel-
lion, 389-joins the 43rd, 393-ac-
tivity in checking disorders in that
regiment, 394-sympathy with the
common soldier, ib.-visit to Mr. Pitt,
395-with the expedition to Copen-
hagen, 399-humanity, 401-joins
the army in the Peninsula, 403-con-
duct during the retreat to Corunna,
407-wounded in the spine by a ball
which remained there for half a cen-
tury, 421-marriage, 426-succeeds
to the command of the 43rd, 427-his
unfavourable opinion of the military
profession, 428--the Duke of Well-
ington's confidence in him, 429.
Napier's (Col.) services in the Irish
rebellion, 389.

Naples, all-eel-day at, 193.

Negroes escaped from the Confederate
States, sufferings of, 306-inhuman
treatment of them by the Federals,
307-infirmary farms for, 309.
New Englanders and the Old Home, 42.
New Zealand, efficiency of Armstrong
guns in, 147.

Niccolini's magnificent work on the
ruins of Pompeii, 344.

Nichols's (Dr.) Forty Years of Ameri-
can Life' recommended, 294.
Niger, course of the, 128.

-

Nile, source of the, 105-requisites in
attempting to discover its source,
121-the problem not yet completely
solved, 122 extent of its basin
500,000 square miles, 125-effect of
the equatorial snow-covered moun-
tains on its hydrography, 128. (See
'Speke.')

0.

O'Connell's heart preserved in the
church of St. Agatha, 220.
Opium trade in China, 33.

Oratory, difference between ancient and
modern, 73.

Otaheite, enormous eels in, 187.
Oysters, suggestion for the introduction
of American, 293.

Paixhans (Col.) the first who suggested
casing ships with iron plates, 154.
Patina of Pompeii, 331.

Paul's (St.) martyrdom, churches mark-
ing the scene of, 288.

Peter's (St.) at Rome, Constantine's
original foundation, 211-chains pre-
served in St. Peter's in Vincoli, 220-
miraculous account of them, 221.
Pierleoni, the Jewish Roman family of,
217.

Pitt's (Mr.) domestic habits, anecdotes
of, 396-his stately demeanour ac-
counted for, 397.

Poe's (Edgar) criticism on the American
character, 46.

Polish question, 506. (See Foreign
Policy.')

Polygamy, effect of, in Uganda, 114.
Pompeii, description of its destruc-
tion, 313- strata of volcanic sub-
stances from successive eruptions, 317
-about 3000 persons buried, ib.-
earliest excavations, 318-ruins first
believed to be those of Stabiæ, ib.-
skeletons of prisoners in iron stocks,
319-family group of eighteen full-
grown skeletons, 321-fragments of
the statue of Apollo found in several
places, 323-merciless destruction of
antiquities by the Austrians, 324-
great mosaic in the house of the
Faun, 326-Fiorelli creates a new
era at Pompeii, 329-mænianum re-
stored, 330-Pompeii resembled a
modern Eastern city, 331-its destruc-
tion owing to two causes, 332-casts
from hollows in the volcanic matter
producing forms of human beings in
the last agony, 331-their fidelity in
representing dress and expression, 332
-statuette of Narcissus listening to
Echo, 334-description of a 'scavo,'
335 ancient robber excavators, 336
disinterred eating-house, 338
phoræ and marks descriptive of the
wines they contained, 339-oven con-
taining eighty-three loaves, 339-de-
scription of a lupanar, 340-election
placards, 341-the Elephant and Ser-
pent inn, b.-regulations for visitors
to the excavated city, 342-usual
subjects of the frescoes, 344-reflec-
tions on Classic and Gothic reproduc-
tions, 346.

Popes, foundation of their temporal
power by Pepin and Charlemagne,
not by Constantine, 208.

Popocatepetl, the highest mountain in
Mexico, 350.
Pudentiana (St.), church of, 235—gives
title to the chief English representa-
tive of the Roman Church, ib.

R.

Rhine, Prussian and Bavarian provinces
on the left bank of the, 283.
Rice-cultivation described, 15.
Roman (aneient) life, essentially public
character of, 72.

-

Rome in the middle ages, 200-Rome
in the reign of Honorius, 203-change
from paganism to Christianity the
main cause of the ruin of ancient
Rome, 204-estimate of the popula-
tion, ib.-demolition of edifices for the
materials, 205-real date of the decay
of Rome, 206-Ælian bridge and Mole
of Hadrian, 210-churches in the
the Ghetto and
Trastevere, 214-
Jews, 215 the Pantheon alone of
ancient buildings preserved, 217-
change of heathen into Christian rites,
ib.-Trajan's pillar, 219-Colossal
statues on the Quirinal, 220-the
Flavian amphitheatre, 221-the Coli-
seum first so called by Bede, ib.
temple of Venus and Rome, 222-
Arch of Titus and Palace of the
Cæsars, ib.-the Capitol, 223-Con-
vent of Ara Coeli, 224-Statue of
Marcus Aurelius, ib.-the Aventine
and Monte Testaccio, 227 - Great
Church of the Lateran, 233 - the
Basilica Heleniana, 234-Legend of
the foundation of St. Mary Major's, ib.
Russell's (Earl) fierce notes and pacific
measures, 285-policy on the Conti-
nent of Europe, 504-bluster the
characteristic of his policy, 517. (See
"Foreign Policy.')

(Mr. Scott) target, 156.

S.

Samuda's target, 156.
Saviour (the) in old Roman mosaics,
severe representation of, 207-His
portrait sent by Himself to king Ab-
garus, 219.
Shakspeare and his Sonnets, 431-John
Shakspeare, 432-Ann Hathaway,
433-Shakspeare's life in London,
435-contrasted with Ben Jonson, 436
-Venus and Adonis,' 437-his son-
nets the most certain means to get
at his feelings and thoughts, ib.-
opinions of commentators respecting
them, 439-inquiry as to the iden-

tification of W. H.,' ib.-hypothesis
that W. H.' was William Herbert,
440-W. H.' probably the Earl
of Southampton, 443-proofs, 444
-group of sonnets relating to a
rival poet, 446-arguments to identify
him with Marlowe, ib.-Southamp-
ton's courtship told in sixteen sonnets,
450-death of Shakspeare's son, 457
-did not contemplate being known
as the writer of the sonnets, 469—
120 of the sonnets devoted to South-
ampton, 471-Messrs. Boaden and
Brown's theory of the sonnets, 473
-Shakspeare one of the greatest
Realists that ever wrote, 474
likenesses of the poet, 480-note on
Dyce's and the Cambridge 'Shak-
speare,' and Mr. H. Staunton's fac-
simile of the first folio, 481.

Ships, our old wooden three-deckers
'floating charnel-houses,' 155.

Scarlet uniforms due to the cochineal
insect, 355.

Sculpture, the ancients in the habit of
colouring, 319.

Silk, Chinese inferior to French or
Italian, 29.

Silver district of Mexico, geological
character of, 357.

Slavery, its effects in Eastern Africa, 129.
Slesvig and Holstein, 236 - Slesvig
always under Denmark, Holstein and
Lauenburg fiefs of the Empire, 236–
Holstein and Lauenburg included
in the German Confederation, 237
-the existence of Denmark fatal
to the creation of a German marine,
240-designation of North Ger-
man Peninsula' invented, ib.—the
Slesvig-Holstein theory' of indis-
soluble union an argument capable
of opposite applications, 242 - the
Eyder the limit of the Holy Roman
Empire, 243-growth of German
population in Slesvig, ib.--alleged
political union of Slesvig and Holstein
for four centuries untrue, ib.-King
Valdemar's constitution visionary,
244-examination of a passage in
a Charter of Christian I., 246-
revolution of the Duchies in 1848,
249-invasion of the duchies by
Prussia, 251-Protocol of Olmütz,
252-motives of Austria in preventing
the incorporation of Slesvig with Den-
mark, 253-Treaty of London, 254
-fulfilment of Danish pledges pre-
cedent to the performance of the
Treaty of London, 254-examination
of despatches relating to

those