II. That part of history which treats of Rome, teaches us many important lessons.

.........

A complex declarative sentence. That part of....................... Rome, is the complex subject; part, the simple subject, is modified by that, a simple adjective element of the first class; by of history, a simple adjective element of the second class; and by "which treats of Rome," a simple adjective element of the third class; teaches us lessons, is the complex predicate, teaches, the simple predicate, is modified by [to] us, a simple adverbial element of the second class; also by many important lessons, a complex objective element of the first class; lessons, the basis, is modified by many and important, simple adjective elements of the first class. "Which treats of Rome," the subordinate clause, is a simple declarative sentence. Which is the simple subject, and treats of Rome, is the complex predicate. Treats, the simple predicate, is modified by of Rome, a simple adverbial element of the second class. Which is also the connective. EXERCISES:

1. He who works diligently will succeed.

2. The ship spread her sails as the tide began to ebb. 3. The progress of that branch of the human family of which you spoke has been due to its restlessness.

4. The line which is drawn from the vertex of a triangle to the middle point of the opposite side is called the median.

5. We finally came to the place where the army had encamped during the storm which had flooded the entire region.

*6. Simple objective element of the first class; 7. Simple adjective element of the third class.

*III. The sun had set behind the mountain, and the moon was bright on the eastern horizon.

A compound declarative sentence. "The sun..... mountain," the first member is a simple declarative sentence. The sun is the complex subject. Sun, the simple subject, is modified by The, a simple adjective element of the first class. Had set behind the mountain is the complex predicate. Had set, the simple predicate, is modified by behind the mountain a complex adverbial element of the second class. Mountain, the noun of the basis, is modified by the, a simple adjective element of the first class.

"The moon..........................horizon," the second member, is a simple declarative sentence. The moon is the complex subject. Moon, the simple subject, is modified by the, a simple adjective element of the first class. Was bright........ horizon is the complex predicate. Was bright is the simple predicate, of which was is the copula, and bright the attribute. The copula is modified by on the eastern horizon, a complex adverbial element of the second class. Horizon, the noun of the basis, is modified by the and eastern, simple adjective elements of the first class. And is the connective.

EXERCISES: 1. The commotion on the sinking vessel was intense, yet the captain betrayed not the least alarm.

2. One generation sows, and the one that follows reaps. *The first three sentences are intended as models for the diagramming and analyzing of the three great divisions of sentences, viz: Simple, complex, and compound. Position of coordinate conjunction. The colon is placed between the copula and attribute.

.

ILLUSTRATIVE SENTENCES.

IV. 'I know that he lives in that house.

1. He said that he had just made a discovery.
2. The man thinks that the farm was sold.

3. He told us yesterday who had been accused of the wicked crime.

4. The general ordered that the soldiers on the right wing should lead the assault.

5. The pupils report that the new teacher is much admired by the entire school.

6. The ancients believed that the earth was a great globe supported on the shoulders of a giant.

7. I remember distinctly what he said, and I bear witness to nothing which I did not hear on that occasion.

8. He saw that the vision which was passing before him presented many grotesque and fantastic forms.

9. I know that he is convinced that it is wrong.

NOTES: This sentence illustrates the use of the objective clause and its position in the diagram. That is an introductory word, used here for the sake of euphony. "In this construction the word that is not required as the pronoun satisfies the euphony of the sentence. Supported modifies globe. "[Of the fact that it is wrong, is the full form.

V (1) 'The sun being risen, the Indians pursued their journey toward the west.

seats.

(2) Having finished their task, the pupils retired to their

1. "The work having been finished, the men returned to their homes.

2. 'Having been supplied with plenty of money, he departed for Europe.

3. "Cæsar having crossed the Rubicon, Pompey prepared for battle.”

4. Having terribly frightened us, the bear retreated rapidly over the crest of the mountain.

5. Overcome by the heat of the sun, we halted to refresh ourselves in the shade of a spreading oak.

NOTES: 'These sentences show the uses of participal phrases. "The best way to determine whether the phrase is adverbial, or adjective, is to expand it into the clause of which it is an abridgment. 3An adverbial element. An adjective element.

VI. 'The man from the east would buy that farm if he had money enough.

1. You will succeed if you labor faithfully.

2. If two lines are perpendicular to each other, they form right angles.

3. We must not neglect our duty for soon it will be a habit which we cannot break.

4. I would rather be unknown 'than be known by that which is not commendable.

5. The comet which has just entered the solar system looks as if it were composed of vapor.

6. I will not proceed farther unless he makes a more definite promise.

7. The man who labors faithfully in order that he may make himself comfortable in old age is wise.

8. "There is no greater luxury in the world than "being rocked to sleep."

NOTES: This sentence shows the use of the subordinate conjunction. To each other is an ellpitical form of each [perpendicular] to [the] other. Each is an apposition with lines. Than [that I should be ] known, etc., is the full form. As if is the conjunction. In order that is the conjunction. A number of words are very frequently taken together as having the force of a connective. Than being rocked to sleep [is a luxury] is the full form. Being rocked is the subject of is.