MATT. xxi. 14-.7. (Ver. 13, lxxxiii. p. 278.) MARK Xi. 11. JOHN xii. 19. The Pharisees therefore said 19 among themselves, Perceiveye how ye-prevail nothing? behold, the world is-gone after him.d WHOSO KEEPETH THE FIG TREE SHALL EAT THE FRUIT THEREOF: SO HE THAT WAITETH ON HIS MASTER SHALL BE HONOURED.-Prov. xxvii. 18. 20 Hearest-thou what these say? And Jesus saith unto-them, Yea; have-yenever-read, Out-of the-mouth ofbabes and sucklings thou-hast-perfected Karnptiow praise ? And he left them, and-went out and when-he-had-lookedround-about-upon all-things, and-now the eventide wes come, he-went-out Greeks wish to see Jesus.-John xii. 20-36 And there-were certain Greeks among them that-came-up to worship at the feast: 21 the-same came therefore to-Philip, which was of Bethsaida of Galilee, and desired him, SCRIPTURE ILLUSTRATIONS. Jno. xii. 19. ye prevail nothing-As predicted, Is. viii. 9, they had girded themselves for the conflict Jno. xi. 47, .8, § 58, p. 132, Then gathered the chief priests and the Pharisees a council, and said, What do we? for this man doeth many miracles. If we let him thus alone, all men will believe on him: and the Romans shall come and take away both our place and nation." Mt. xxi. 14. the blind and the lame-The miracles which Jesus performed in his last journey to Jerusalem, appear to have been much of the same character with these that he performed on his arrival-see SS 78,9-They seem to have had a spiritual meaning -see Lu. xix. 42, p. 264, supra, and Jno. xii. 35, .6, p. 269, infra-There is a remarkable reference to the blind and the lame, in connexion with David's taking possession of the stronghold of Zion, 2 Sa. v. 6-8, And the king and his men went to Jerusalem unto the Jebusites, the inhabitants of the land: which spake unto David, saying, Except thou take away the blind and the lame, thou shalt not come in hither: thinking, David cannot come in hither. 7, Nevertheless David tock the stronghold of Zion: the same is the city of David. 8, And David said on that day, Whosoever getteth up to the gutter, and smiteth the Jebusites, and the lame and the blind, that are hated of David's soul, he shall be chief and captain. Wherefore they said, The blind and the lame shail not come into the house." 16. Out of the mouth of babes-Our Lord refers to a psalm which seems designed for the time when the knowledge of the Lord shall cover the earth; and when, as upon our Lord's last visit to the temple, the children shall take an important part in the praise of excellent is thy name in all the earth! who hast set the Redeemer; Ps. viii. 1, 2, O LORD our Lord, how thy glory above the heavens. Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings hast thou ordained strength because of thine enemies, that thou mightest still the enemy and the avenger.'-The psalm is quoted in reference to Christ, 1 Co. xv. 27; Eph. i. 22; He. ii. 6. Jno. xii. 20. Greeks In Solomon's dedicatory prayer, there is a recognition of the stranger coming from a far country, to worship in the temple at Jerusalem, 1 Ki. viii. 41-.3-see also 1s. lvi. 7, referred to by our Lord, Mt. xxi. 13, § 83, p. 278-These Greeks were Gentiles, but probably proselytes, as Ac. viii. 27; xiii. 42, .3; xvii. 4; Rom. f. 16, &c. NOTES. Mt. xxi. 15. The wonderful things, &c. The cures he did and the honour paid him by the multitudes. 16. Hearest thou what these say? It was common among the Jews for the children to be employed in public acclamations, and thus they were accustomed to hail their celebrated rabbins; this shouting was therefore no strange thing, but the priests were exasperated because it was in praise of a person they hated. Jno. xii. 20. Greeks. Opinion i. Foreign Jews and proselytes, who spoke the Greek language; these were called Greeks, or Hellenists.-Bens., so Calv., Drusius, &c. ii. The word "EAλnves, here rendered Greeks, properly signifies Greeks by nation or birth;' and sometimes their name is used for Gentiles in general, as Rom. i. 16; ii. 9, 10; compared with ver. 14. Grecians, or Hellenists, "Envioral, are mentioned only in Ac. vi. 1; ix. 29; and xi. 20; and signify such Jews as were scattered abroad in Gentile nations, and used the Greek language.-Guyse. There religion; they used to frequent the synagogues as prowere at that time many Gentile inquirers after true selytes of the gate, and were not circumcised; mentioned, xvii. 4. It is probable, therefore, that these were Gentiles, and not Jews.-See ADDENDA, p. 274, col. 1, par. 3. PRACTICAL REFLECTIONS. [Jno. xii. 19. Let us beware of seeking from men honour to ourselves; but let us glory in the truth which, to their own and the nation's destruction, the Pharisees set themselves to oppose.] Mt. xxi. 14. Jesus gives sight to the blind, and to the lame the power of walking: he alone could render Jerusalem worthy of her name, enable her to see the light, and guide her feet into the way of peace; but in heart she came not unto the Good Physician for healing. 15, 6 ver. Let us pray that the chief priests and A PROUD HEART STIRRETH 266] scribes may no more be allowed to hinder the little ones from celebrating the praises of our blessed Redeemer. 16 ver. Let us pray that the time may soon come, when the promise will be fully realized, 'Out of the mouth of babes and sucklings thou hast perfected praise.' children; and that God may condescend to make use Let us pray that we may possess the spirit of little of us in the utterance of his word, which he hath magnified above all his name. UP STRIFE:-Prov. xxviii. 25. [VOL. II. IN THE TRANSGRESSION OF AN EVIL MAN THERE IS A SNARE: BUT THE RIGHTEOUS DOTH SING AND REJOICE.-Prov. xxix. 6. LET US SEEK TO BE DEAD UNTO OURSELVES AND TO THE WORLD, JOHN xii. 22-.8. 22 saying, Sir, we-would see Jesus. Philip cometh and telleth Andrew: and again Andrew 23 and Philip tell Jesus. And Jesus answered them, saying, The hour is-come, that the 24 Son of man should-be-glorified. Verily, verily, I-say unto-you, Except a corn of wheat fall into the ground and-die, it abideth alone: but if it-die, it-bringeth-forth much fruit. 25 He that-loveth his life shall-lose it; and he that-hateth his life in this world shall-keep 26 puλake it unto life eternal. If any-man serve me, let-him-follow me; and where I am, there shall-also my servant-be: if any-man serve me, him will-my-Father-honour. 27 Now is-my soul-troubled TETаρaкTaι; and what shall-I-say? Father, save me from 28 this hour: but for this-cause came-I unto this hour. Father, glorify thy name. Then SCRIPTURE ILLUSTRATIONS. Jno. xii. 22. Philip-one of the first disciples of our Lord, and generally mentioned in connection with Andrew see ch. i. 41, § 10, p. 72, and ADDENDA, § 27, p. 216. Andrew-ch. i. 40, § 10, p. 71, and ADD., § 27, p. 215. 23. Son of man.... glorified These Gentiles seem to have been regarded as an earnest of the gathering of all nations to him, as the fruit of his death about to take place-comp. ver. 24, 32, 3, infra, and see ch. vii. 39, § 55, p. 96; xiii. 31-.3, § 87, p. 373; xv. 8, § ib., p. 388; xvii. 1, § ib., p. 398. 24. Except a corn of wheat, &c.-1 Co. xv. 36, Thou fool, that which thou sowest is not quickened, except it die :' 25. loveth his life-Mt. x. 39, § 39, p. 302, He that findeth his life,' &c.-see on Mk. viii. 35, § 50, p. 42. 26. If any man, &c.-Lu. vi. 46, § 27, p. 210 Jno. xiv. 15, If ye love me,' &c., § 87, p. 392. let him follow me-Mt. xvi. 24, § 50, p. 42, let him deny himself, and take up his cross, and follow me.' where I am, &c.-ch. xiv. 3, § 87, 'If I go and prepare a place for you, I will come again, and receive you unto myself; that where I am, there ye may be also. For this he supplicates the Father, xvii. 24, Sib., p. 401 see also 2 Co. v. 8, present with the Lord.'-Ph. i. 23, having a desire to depart, and to be with Christ;'-1 Th. iv. 17, being caught up to meet the Lord at his coming, 'so shall we ever be with the Lord.'-2 Ti. ii. 12, If we suffer, we shall also reign with him:'-Rev. iii. 21, To him that overcometh will I grant to sit with me in my throne,' him will my Father honour-1 Sa. ii. 30, Them that honour me I will honour,'-Pr. xxvii. 18, he that waiteth on his master shall be honoured.'-He shall be honoured as being given communion with God now, Jno. xiv. 21-.3, § 87, p. 384, and full enjoyment hereafter, xvi. 24, 7, § ib., p. 396-see also Mt. xxv. 34, § 86, p. 352, Then shall the King,' &c. 27. Now is my soul troubled-see also at the last supper, ch. xiii. 21, § 87, p. 370, and in. Gethsemane, Mi. xxvi. 38, .9, § 88, p. 413. what shall I say?-read also interrogatively what follows, [Shall I say] Father, save me from this hour'? for ... came I unto this hour-ch. xiii. 1, § 87, Jesus knew that his hour was come, that he should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved his own which were in the world, he loved them unto the end.'-xviii. 37, § 90, To this end was I born, and for this cause came I into the world, that I should bear witness unto the truth.'-He. ii. 14,.5, Forasmuch then as the children are partakers of flesh and blood, he also himself likewise took part of the same; that through death he might destroy him that had the power of death, that is the devil; and deliver them who through fear of death were all their lifetime subject to bondage.'-x. 5-7, Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body hast thou prepared me: 6, in burnt offerings and sacri. fices for sin thou hast had no pleasure. 7, Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.' 28. Father, glorify thy name-comp. ch. xxi. 19, § 97, This spake he, signifying by what death he should glorify God.'-And Ph. i. 20, 'According to my earnest expectation and my hope, that in nothing I shall be ashamed, but that with all boldness, as always, so now also Christ shall be magnified in my body, whether it be by life, or by death.' NOTES. [Jno. xii. 24. Except a corn of wheat fall, &c. This is an illustration of the effect produced by his death; though the comparison is unaccompanied with application. The sense is, As a grain of corn cast into the earth, unless it die, remains alone, i. e., has no increase, so it must be with me; for as it must die to yield increase, so must I undergo temporal death, in order to be glorified, and produce a great spiritual harvest.'] The late resurrection of Lazarus gave our Lord a natural occasion of speaking on this subject. And agreeably to his infinite knowledge, he singles out from among so many thousands of seeds, almost the only one that dies in the earth; and which therefore an exceeding proper similitude, peculiarly adapted to the purposes for which he uses it. The like is not to be found in any other grain except millet and the large bean.-Wesley. was 25. He that loveth his life, &c. Our Lord here teaches, that those of his disciples who desire communion in his glory must not decline participation in his tribulations. 26. If any man serve me, let him, &c. Meaning, If any one would dedicate himself to my service, let him follow my footsteps, and be disposed to suffer all things for my name's sake; and (for his encouragement) let him be assured, that where I am, there will he be also, as partaker of my glory. More over, whosoever shall serve me faithfully, him will prayer for the furtherance of his Father's glory, in 28. Glorify thy name. By accomplishing thy will in me, even unto my death.-Comp. ch. xiii. 31, .2, $87, p. 373; xvii. 1, § ib., p. 398. Thy name. Thy name is here to be understood of God himself, in all his attributes; his wisdom, truth, mercy, justice, holiness, &c. Christ here teaches us a lesson of submission to the Divine will. Do with me what thou wilt, so that glory may redound to thee. PRACTICAL REFLECTIONS. Jno. xii. 20-.3. It was when Jesus was told that persons from Europe were inquiring for him, that he said, 'The hour is come, that the Son of man should be glorified.'-24 ver. See margin. 26 ver. Let not those pretend obedience to Christ, who are unmindful of his example. Those who are VOL. II] EVERY TREE IS KNOWN BY willing to be with him in his suffering and humiliation, will also be with him in the enjoyment of blessing and honour from God the Father. 27, 8 ver. Let us, after the example of the Son of God, learn obedience to our heavenly Father, having a supreme regard to the glory of his name. HIS OWN FRUIT.-Luke vi. 44. 267 THAT WE MAY LIVE UNTO GOD, AND BEAR FRUIT UNTO EVERLASTING LIFE. HEREIN IS MY FATHER GLORIFIED, THAT YE BEAR MUCH FRUIT;-John xv. 8. 29 JOHN xii. 29-34. came-there a-voice from heaven, saying, I-have- both-glorified it, and will-glorify it again. The people therefore, that stood-by, and heard it, said that-it-thundered ẞpovτn 30 yeyovéval: others said, An-angel spake to-him. Jesus answered and said, This voice 31 came not because-of me, but for your sakes. Now is the judgment of this world: now 32 shall- the prince of this world-be-cast out. And-I, if I-be-lifted-up from the earth, will33 draw all men unto me. This he-said, signifying what death he-should die. 34 The people answered him, We have-heard out of-the law that Christ abideth for ever EIS TOV alva: and how sayest thou, The Son of man must be-lifted-up? who is this Son SCRIPTURE ILLUSTRATIONS. Jno. xii. 28. a voice from heaven-When Jesus was about to comnience his public ministry, Lu. iii. 22, § 8, a voice came from heaven, which said, Thou art my beloved Son; in thee I am well pleased.'-At the transfiguration also, Mt. xvii. 5, § 51, p. 55, there came a voice out of the cloud, which said, This is my beloved Son, in whom I am well pleased; hear ye him.' I have both glorified it-ch. xvii. 4, § 87, 'I have glorified thee on the earth: I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do.' and will glorify it again-ch. xv. 8, § ib., Herein is my Father glorified, that ye bear much fruit; so shall ye be my disciples.' 30. for your sakes-ch. xi. 42, § 58, p. 131. 31. Now is the judgment-Now was it made sure that God would judge the world in righteousness, Ac. xvii. 31, Because he hath appointed a day, in the which he will judge the world in righteousness by that man whom he hath ordained; whereof he hath given assurance unto all men, in that he hath raised him from the dead.'-1 Pe. iv. 17, .8, For the time is come that judgment must begin at the house of God: and if it first begin at us, what shall the end be of them that obey not the gospel of God? And if the righteous scarcely be saved, where shall the ungodly and the sinner appear the prince of this world-ch. xiv. 30, § 87-the prince of this world cometh, and hath nothing in me.'-xvi. 11, 'the prince of this world is judged.'Satan is also called, Eph. ii. 2, the prince of the power of the air, the spirit that now worketh in the children of disobedience:' and, 2 Co. iv. 4, the god of this world' The death of Christ is well calculated to destroy the influence of Satan, whether as tempting men to sin, by presenting them with the pleasures of this life, Rom. vi. 1-14; or as keeping in bondage by the fear of death, He. ii. 14, .5 1 Jno. iii. 8, For this purpose the Son of God was manifested, that he might destroy the works of the devil.'-Satan offered to yield up his authority to Christ, if Jesus would do homage to him for the kingdom, Mt. iv. 9, § 9, p. 66-but the Son of God would rather die that he might purchase his people with his own blood,' Ac. xx. 28-and by that blood they obtain the victory, and Satan is cast out, Rev. xii. 10, .1-His being cast out preparatory to Messiah's reign of righteousness and peace is described, xx. 1-3. 32. if I be lifted up, &c.-Christ as lifted up upon the cross, was prefigured by the lifting up of the brazen serpent upon a pole, ch. iii. 14, .5, § 12, p. 85It was predicted, Is. xi. 12, that the Lord 'shall set up an ensign for the nations, and shall assemble the outcasts of Israel, and gather together the dispersed of Judah from the four corners of the earth.' draw all.... unto me- Ge. xlix. 10, unto him [Shiloh] shall the gathering of the people be.'-As surely as in the death of Christ upon the cross, God was shewn to be a just God and the Saviour, and would have no compromise with Satan, so surely will Israel, from all the ends of the earth, look unto Jesus, Is. xlv. 21-.4, .5, In the LORD shall all the seed of Israel be justified, and shall glory.'-The gathering together unto this One Standard, exhibited in the writings of the Old and New Testaments, is described, Eze. xxxvii. 15-22; Zec. ix. 1, the eyes of man, as of all the tribes of Israel, shall be toward the LORD.'-See the remarkable, prophecy of Caiaphas, that the death of Jesus should result in the gathering together in one the children of God that were scattered abroad,' Jno. xi. 52, § 58, p. 133Christ crucified is the power of God unto salvation,' Rom. i. 16-Justification is in Christ for all, v. 18 and it is in him that men of all nations, and ranks, and conditions, are gathered into one, Gal. iii. 28comp. Is. liii. 10, .1, p. (55). 33. This he said, signifying, &c.-this saying is referred to, ch. xviii. 32, § 90, p. 441. 31. that Christ abideth for ever-2 Sa. vii. 13, I will stablish the throne of his kingdom for ever.'-Ps. NOTES. Jno. xii. 28. I have both glorified it, and, &c. The meaning is, I have both glorified' my name already, by thy words and works-comp. ch. i. 14, § 7, p. 48; ii. 11, § 11, p. 78; xi. 4, 40, § 58, pp. 127, .31- and will glorify it again' by thy death, and by the consequences which shall follow it.-Comp. ver. 23, .4.Lonsdale. 29. It thundered. The Jews knew from their fathers that, from the mercy seat, the Lord in former times spake to them through the high priest, and they said, 'An angel spake to him." But others, among whom were probably many Gentile converts, unaccustomed to such a display of heavenly condescension, said, 'It thundered,' not knowing how to account for the supernatural communication. 30. This voice came not because of me. That is, not for my sake, as though I needed such a testimony from heaven for my own satisfaction, but for your sakes; that ye, hearing the voice, may believe that the Father hath sent me, and is with me.-Comp. ch. xi. 42, § 58, p. 131. This was the third occasion on which God the Father bore testimony to the Sun, 'in the days of his Aesh.'-See ScRIP. ILLUS., ver. 28. 31. Now shall the prince of this world, &c. Satan, who had gained possession of it by sin and death, 'be cast out; that is, judged, condemned, cast out of his possession and out of the bounds of Christ's kingdom. [Be cast out. His kingdom shall be destroyed. His empire shall come to an end. It does not mean that then his reign over all men should entirely cease, but that then would be the crisis, the grand conflict, on which he should be vanquished, and from that time his kingdom begin to decline, until it should finally cease, and men be free altogether from his dominion.-See Lu. x. 18, § 60, p. 143; Col. i. 18-20; Ac. xxvi. 18; 1 Co. xv. 25, .6; Rev. xx. 14.] [32. If I be lifted up, &c. Here our Lord obscurely hints at the means by which the great consummation just adverted to would be accomplished; viz., by his crucifixion, resurrection, ascension, exaltation to glory, and the commencement of his office as Advocate with the Father; the first work of which would be the sending of the Holy Spirit, and thenceforward the mission of those who in every age should preach the gospel.] 34. Out of the law. This term included the prophets and all their Scriptures. PRACTICAL REFLECTIONS. Jno. xii. 28. The Father's name was glorified in the Son of God, the Head of the body; let us pray that it may also be glorified in all the members-the many sons he is leading unto glory, He. ii. 10. [31 ver. The case of Christ, who was honoured of the poor, but rejected by the rich and the powerful; 268] put to death by the noble Romans, at the instigation of the Jewish priesthood, is well calculated to make all who love truth and goodness mistrust the world, and the prinees of this world.] [32, 3 ver. By the despised Nazarene, who was lifted up on the cross, have many been elevated in CONTINUE YE IN MY LOVE.-John xv. 9. MAY WE BE GIVEN EARS TO HEAR THE FATHER'S TESTIMONY CONCERNING JESUS. [VOL. II. ABIDE IN ME, AND I IN YOU. AS THE BRANCH CANNOT BEAR FRUIT OF ITSELF, JOHN xii. 35, .6. 35 of-man? Then Jesus said unto-them, Yet a-little while is the light with you. Walk while ye-have the light, lest darkness come-upon κатaλaßn you: for he that-walketh in 36 darkness knoweth not whither he-goeth. While ye-have 'light, believe in the light, that ye-may-be the-children of-light. These-things spake Jesus, and departed, and-did-hidehimself from them. (Ver. 37, lxxxv. p. 309.) 1xxxix. 36, His seed shall endure for ever, and his children of Jerusalem, they were in darkness and throne as the sun before me.'-cx. 4, The LORD devoted to destruction, Lu. xix. 42-.4, p. 264, supra hath sworn, and will not repent, Thou art a priest-comp. 1 Th. v. 3-5, For when they shall say, for ever after the order of Melchizedek.'-Is. ix. 7, Peace and safety; then sudden destruction cometh Of the increase of his government and peace... no upon them, as travail upon a woman with child; end,'-liii. 11, He shall see of the travail of his soul, and they shall not escape. 4, But ye, brethren, are and shall be satisfied: by his knowledge shall my not in darkness, that that day should overtake you righteous servant justify many; for he shall bear as a thief. 5, Ye are all the children of light, and their iniquities.'-Eze. xxxvii. 25, my servant David the children of the day: we are not of the night, nor shall be their prince for ever.-Lu. i. 33, § 2, p. 10, of darkness.'-1 Jno. ii. 9-11, He that saith he is in 'He shall reign over the house of Jacob for ever; &c. the light, and hateth his brother, is in darkness even Jno. xii. 35. the light-see on ch. viii. 12, § 55, p. 100. until now. 10, He that loveth his brother abideth in Walk while ye have the light-Je. xiii. 16, Give him. 11, But he that hateth his brother is in darkthe light, and there is none occasion of stumbling in glory to the LORD your God, before he cause darkness, and walketh in darkness, and knoweth not ness, and before your feet stumble upon the dark mountains, and, while ye look for light, he turn it whither he goeth, because that darkness hath blinded his eyes.' into the shadow of death, and make it gross darkness.'-Eph. v. 8. For ye were sometimes darkness, but now are ye light in the Lord: walk as children of light:'-see on Mt. xvi. 2, 3, § 47, p. 29. 36. that ye may be the children of light-as being said, Lu. xix. 42, p. 264, If thou hadst known, even did hide himself-ch. viii. 59, § 55, p. 108-He had thou, at least in this thy day, the things which belong unto thy peace! but now they are hid from thine eyes.' NOTES. [τίς ἐστιν ἀνθρώπου. This is not well rendered by our English translators, Who is that Son of man? since rís is here for olos (like quis for qualis in Latin), as in Mk. i. 27, § 17, p. 111; vi. 2, § 37, p. 287; Lu. i. 66. § 3, p. 16; Jno. vii. 36, § 55, p. 95; and often. Render, What sort of Son of man is that to be? To this question our Lord, ver. 35, only replies indirectly, and by allegory; hinting at their erroneous opinions concerning the Messiah, by adverting to the opportunity, which they now have, for obtaining light to dissipate the clouds of error under which they labour; an opportunity which they must use while they have it, lest they be overtaken by that moral darkness, through the absence of spiritual light, which would disable them from directing their course aright. Here, as on other occasions, our Lord, knowing that he is addressing those who could not hear his word,' their carnal passions and preconceived opinions blinding their understandings, and rendering them inaccessible to the truth, offers no explanation-comp. viii. 21, with vii. 33, § ib., pp. 91, 101-but, instead thereof, a solemn warning.'-Bloomf.] Jno. xii. 35. The light. See on ch. i. 4, 5, § 7, p. 46. It is probable that they understood this as denoting the Messiah; and ch. viii. 12, I am the light of the world;' ch. ix. 4, § 55, pp. 100, ..9. 36. Believe in the lignt. Believe in me as being 'the light of the world.'-Comp. ver. 46, § 85, p. 311. That ye may be the children, &c. That ye may be the friends and followers of the Messiah, Eph. v. 8, 'Now are ye light in the Lord: walk as,' &c. The children of light. Such as live under the guidance and comfort of spiritual light. Mt. xxi. 17. Bethany. Takes its name from a Greek word signifying the dates of palm trees, which grew there in great plenty.-See GEOG. NOT. § 58, p. 134. He lodged there. He passed the night,' not in the village, at the house of Lazarus, but probably among the olive trees with which the district abounded; for it is added, on the morrow,... he was hungry,' Mk. xi. 12, § 83, p. 275.-See Lu. xxi. 37, § 86, p. 257. PRACTICAL REFLECTIONS. the social scale. Jesus has honoured the meanest and most suffering condition among men, and taught us not to take our opinions from mere human authority, but to search for the truth, even in the depths of poverty, and to receive it even from those who are despised and rejected of men.] [In the humiliation of Christ we have an assurance of his glorification. At length the eyes of all nations shall be drawn unto him who is our Peace; the eyes of man, as of all the tribes of Israel, shall be toward the LORD,' Zec. ix. 1.] [As truly as Jesus was lifted up to suffer an ignominious death upon the cross, shall the cross be lifted up as the standard around which all Israel will assemble to hail him as their King.] Jno. xii. 35, .6. The same truth which Jesus taught by healing the blind and the lame in the temple, he seems again to teach, when he advises the Jews to make use of the light while they may, ere they are involved in the darkness, and left to wander therein.] 36 ver. The same truth Jesus further expressed by departing and hiding himself from them, as if telling them that he with whom are the things that belong to our peace, was soon to be indeed lid from their eyes. The case of the Jews has for many centuries been fulfilling the warning words of Jesus. Let us thereby be abundantly confirmed in our faith, and admonished to improve the day of our merciful visitation. *It would seem that, upon this occasion, he must barely, as it were, have appeared in the temple, and as speedily departed from it again, which would be so far simply to present himself before God, in his capacity of the paschal sacrifice, now ready to be offered up, as making atonement for the sins of the world.'-Greswell.-And see ADDENDA, p. 274, first par., second col. VOL. II.] LOVE ONE ANOTHER.-John xv. 17. [269 EXCEPT IT ABIDE IN THE VINE; NO MORE CAN YE, EXCEPT YR ABIDE IN ME.-John xv. 4. PRAISE THE LORD WITH HARP: SING UNTO HIM WITH THE PSALTERY AND AN INSTRUMENT OF TEN STRINGS.-Psa. xxxiii. 2. For GEOGRAPHICAL NOTICE OF JERUSALEM, as referred to at Section 1v. p. 118, see Section 92, p. 479. ADDEND A. are THE TEMPLE.-And see Sect. 1, p. 8, Vol. I. 'When an augur had defined a space in which he | height of the sanctuary. The internal dimension of intended to make his observations, he fixed his tent in the "holy," which was called in preference, was forty cubits long, twenty cubits wide, and thirty cubits high. The holy was separated from the "Holy of holies" (17) by a partition, a large opening in which was closed by a suspended curtain. The Holy of holies was on the western extremity of the entire building, and its internal dimensions formed a cube of twenty cubits. On the eastern extremity of the building stood the porch, D, póvaos. At the entrance of this pronaos stood the two columns called Jachin and Boaz, which were twenty-three cubits high. The temple was also surrounded by three y**, stories of chambers, each of which stories was five cubits high, so that there remained above ample space for introducing the windows, requisite more for ventilation than for the admission of light into the sanctuary. it (tabernaculum capere), with planks and curtains. 'The site of the temple is clearly stated in 2 Chr. iii. 1, "Then Solomon began to build the house of the LORD at Jerusalem in mount Moriah, where the LORD appeared unto David his father, in the place that David had prepared in the threshingfloor of Ornan (or, Araunah) the Jebusite." According to Josephus (De Bell. Jud. v. 5), the foundations of the temple were laid on a steep eminence, the summit of which was at first insufficient for the temple and altar. As it was surrounded by precipices, it became necessary to build up walls and buttresses in order to gain more ground by filling up the interval with earth. The hill was also fortified by a threefold wall, the lowest tier of which was in some places more than three hundred cubits high; and the depth of the foundation was not visible, because it had been necessary in some parts to dig deep into the ground, in order to obtain sufficient support. 'The lowest story of the chambers was five cubits, difference of the width arose from the circumstance the middle six, and the third seven cubits wide. This that the external walls of the temple were so thick elevation of five feet, so that the scarcement in the that they were made to recede one cubit after an wall of the temple gave a firm support to the beams which supported the second story, without being inserted into the wall of the sanctuary; which insertectural reasons, but also because it appeared to be tion was perhaps avoided not merely for archiirreverent. The third story was supported likewise by a similar scarcement, which afforded a still wider space for the chamber of the third story. These observations will render intelligible the biblical statements:-1 Ki. vi. 5, 6, "And against the wall of the house he built chambers round about, against the walls of the house round about, both of the temple and of the oracle: and he made chambers round about: the nethermost chamber was five cubits broad, and the middle was six cubits broad, and the third was seven cubits broad: for without in the wall of the house he made nurrowed rests (ya, narrowings or rebatements) round about, that the beams should not be fastened in the walls of the house." that they served chiefly for ventilation, since the In reference to the windows it should be observed, light within the temple was obtained from the sacred candlesticks. It seems from the descriptions of the temple to be certain that the 717, oracle, or Holy of holies, was an adytum without windows. To this The temple itself and its utensils are described in fact Solomon seems to refer when he spake, "The 1 Ki. vi., vií., and 2 Chr. iii., iv. LORD said that he would dwell in the thick darkness," 1 Ki. viii. 12. 'Divines and architects have repeatedly endea voured to represent the architectural proportions of the temple, which was sixty cubits long, twenty wide, and thirty high. Josephus, however (Antiq. viii. 3, 2), says, "The temple was sixty cubits high, and sixty cubits in length; and the breadth was twenty cubits; above this was another stage of equal dimensions, so that the height of the whole structure was one hundred and twenty cubits." It is difficult to reconcile this statement with that given in 1 Kings, unless we suppose that the words Ισος τοῖς μέτροις, equal in measures, do not signify an equality in all dimensions, but only as much as equal in the number of cubits; so that the porch formed a kind of steeple, which projected as much above the roof of the temple as the roof itself was elevated above its foundations. As the chronicles agree with Josephus in asserting that the summit of the porch was one hundred and twenty cubits high, there remains still another apparent contradiction to be solved, namely, how Josephus could assert that the temple itself was sixty cubits high, while we read in 1 Kings that its height was only thirty cubits. We suppose that in the book of Kings the internal elevation of the sanctuary is stated, and that Josephus describes its external elevation, which, including the basement and an upper story (which may have existed, consisting of rooms for the accommodation of priests, containing also vestries and treasuries), might be double the internal 270] The 77, oracle had perhaps no other opening besides the entrance, which was, as we may infer from the prophetic visions of Ezekiel (which probably correspond with the historic temple of Solomon), six cubits wide. 'From 1 Ki. vii. 10, we learn that the private dwellings of Solomon were built of massive stone. We consisted of the same material. The temple was, hence infer that the framework of the temple also however, wainscoted with cedar wood, which was covered with gold. The boards within the temple were ornamented by beautiful carvings, representing cherubim, palms, and flowers. The ceiling of the temple was supported by beams of cedar wood (comp. Eres; Pliny, Hist. Nat. xvi. 69). The wall which separated the holy from the Holy of holies, probably consisted not of stone, but of beams of cedar. It seems, further, that the partitions partly consisted of an opus reticulatum; so that the incense could spread from the holy to the most holy. This we infer from 1 Ki. vi. 21, "So Solomon overlaid the house within with pure gold: and he made a partition by the chains of gold before the oracle; and he overlaid it with gold." The floor of the temple was throughout of cedar, but boarded over with planks of fir, 1 Ki. vi. 15. The doors of the oracle were composed of olive tree; I WILL BLESS THE LORD AT ALL TIMES:-Psa. xxxiv. 1. HE LOVETH RIGHTEOUSNESS AND JUDGMENT: THE EARTH IS FULL OF THE GOODNESS OF THE LORD.-Psa. xxxiii. 5. [VOL. II. |