YOUTHEDE, N. SAX. Youth. R. 49.31. YOXE, .SAX. To hickup. 4149. YYXYN. Singultio. Prompt. Y-PIKED, part. pa. 367. Picked; spruce. Y-REKEN. 3880. seems to be put for the old part. pr. YREN, n. SAX. Iron. 1996. 6488. Y-RENT, part. pa. 5265. Torn. Y-RONNE, YRONNEN, part. pa. 3891. 2695. Run. Y-SERVED, part. pa. Treated. 905. Y-SETTE, part. pa. 10487. Set; placed. Appointed. 1637. Y-SHOVE, part. pa. L. W. 726. Pushed forwards. YSOPE, pr. n. M. 110, col. 2, 1. 46 So the name of the Fa- In this and many other passages, which are quoted from Esop by writers of the middle ages, it is not easy to say what author they mean. The Greek collections of fables, which are now current under the name of Esop, were unknown, I apprehend, in this part of the world, at the time that Melibee was written. Phædrus too had disappeared. Avienus indeed was very generally read. He is quoted as Æsop by John of Salisbury, Polycrat. L. vii. Ut Æsopo, vel Avieno credas. But the name of Esop was chiefly appropriated to the anonymous author of 60 fables, in Elegiac metre, which * Several improbable conjectures, which have been made with respect to the real name and age of this writer, may be seen in the Menagiana, Vol. i. p. 172. and in Fabric. Bibl. Lat. Vol. i. p. 376. Ed. Patav. In the edition of these fables in 1503, the commentator, of no great authority, I confess, mentions an opinion of some people, that "Galterus Angelieus fecit hunc librum sub nomine Esopi." I suppose the person meant was Gualterus Anglicus, who had been tutor to William II. King of Sicily, and was Archbishop of Palermo about the year 1170. I cannot believe that they were much older than his time; and in the beginning of the next century they seem to be mentioned under the name of Esopus, among the books commonly read in schools, by Eberhardus Bethuniensis in his Labyrinthus, Tract. iii. de Versificatione, v. ii. See Leyser, Hist. Poet. Med. Evi. p. 826. About the middle of the same century (the x1th) Vincent of Beauvais in his Speculum Histor. L. iii. c. 2. gives an account of Esop, and a large specimen of his fables, quas Romulus quidam de Græco in Latinum transtulit, et ad filium suum Tyberinum dirigit." They are all, as I remember, in the printed Romulus. Soon after the invention of printing, that larger collection of the fables of Esop was made and published in Germany, which has been mentioned in this Vol. p. 202. It is divided into vi books, to which is prefixed a life of Æsop e GræcoLatina per Rimicium facta. The three first are composed of the 60 Elegiac fables of the metrical Æsopus, with a few trifling variations; and to each of them is subjoined a fable on the same subject in prose from Romulus. Book IV. contains the remaining fables of Romulus in prose only. The vth Book has not more than one or two fables which had ever appeared before under the name of Æsop. The rest are taken from the Gesta Romanorum, the Calilah u Damnah (see p. 201, note*; and p. 202, note ‡) and other obscurer authors. The vith and last Book contains 17 fables with the following title: Sequuntur fabulæ novæ Esopi ex translatione Remicii. There has been a great diversity of opinion among learned men concerning this Remicius or Rimicius (see Præf. Nilant.), while some have confounded him with the fictitious Romulus, and others have considered him as the Editor of this collection. I have no doubt but the person meant is that Rinucius who translated the life of Æsop by Planudes and 96 of his fables, from the Greek into Latin, about the middle of the xvth Century. See Fabric. Bibl. Med. Æt. in v. RIMICIUS. In his translation of the Epistles of Hippocrates, MS. Harl 3527. he is styled in one place Verdensis, and in another Castilionensis. All the fables from Remicius which compose this vith Book, as well as the Life of Esop, which is professedly taken from Rimicius, are to be found in this translation by Rinucius. There is an Edition of it printed at Milan about 1480; but it might very possibly have are printed in Nevelet's collection under the title of "Anonymi fabulæ Æsopica." I have seen an Edition of them in 1503, by Wynkyn de Worde, in which they are entitled simply " Esopi fabula" The subjects are for the most part plainly taken from Phædrus; but it may be doubted whether the author copied from the original work of Phædrus, or from some version of it into Latin prose. Several versions of this kind are still extant in MS. One of very considerable antiquity has been published by Nilant, Lugd. Bat. 1709, under the title of Fabule Antique, together with another of a later date, which is pretended to have been made from the Greek by an Emperour Romulus, for the use of his son TiberiThey all shew evident marks of being derived from one common origin, like what has been observed of the several Greek collections of Esopean fables in prose (Dissert. de Babrio. Lond. 1776.); like them to they differ very much, one from another, in style, order of fables, and many little particulars; and, what is most material, each of them generally contains a few fables, either invented or stolen by its respective compiler, which are not to be found in the other collections; so that it is often impracticable to verifie a quotation from Esop in the writers of Chaucer's time, unless we happen to light upon the identical book of fables which the writer who quotes had before him. nus. I have printed in the Discourse, &c. n. 29. a fable of the Cock and the Fox, from the French Esope of Marie, which is not to be found in any other collection that I have seen, and which, I suppose, furnished Chaucer with the subject of his Nonnes Preestes tale. In the same French Æsop, and in a Latin MS. Bibl. Reg. 15 A. vii, there is a fable, which, I think, might have given the hint for Prior's Ladle. "A country fellow one day laid hold of a faery (un folet, FR.), who, in order to be set at liberty, gave him three wishes. The man goes home, and gives two of them to his wife. Soon after, as they are dining upon a chine of mutton, the wife feels a longing for the marrow, and not being able to get it, she wishes that her husband had an iron beak (long com li Witecocs. FR. long as the Woodcock) to extract this marrow for her. An excrescence being immediately formed accordingly, the husband angrily wishes it off from his own face upon his wife's."-And here the story is unluckily defective in both copies; but it is easy to suppose, that the third and last remaining wish was employed by the wife for her own relief. A fable upon a similar idea, in French verse, may be seen in MS Bodl. 1687; the same, as I apprehend, with one in the King's library at Paris (MS. n. 7989. fol. 189 ) which is entitled "Les quatre souhaits de Sainz Martin." See Fabliaux, &c. T. iii. p. 311. The vanity of human wishes is there exposed with more pleasantry than in the story just cited, but as it often happens, with much less decency. Y-sowe, part. pa. 5653. Sown. Y-SPREINT, part. pa. 2171. Sprinkled. Y-STICKED, part. pa. 1567. Sticked; thrust. Y-TAKE, part. pa. 3353. Taken. Y-TRESPASED, part. pa. M. 114, col. 1, 1. 52. Trespassed. YVEL, adj. SAX. Bad; unfortunate. 4172. 4182. YVEL, adv. SAX. Ill. 1129. 3715. YVOIRE, n. FR. Ivory. Du. 946. Y-WIMPLED, part. pa. Covered with a wimple. 472. ! WORDS AND PHRASES NOT UNDERSTOOD. Afere. R. 4073. Agathon, p. n. L. W. 526. Blakeberied. 12340. Broken harm. 9299. Cankedort. T. ii. 1752. Carrenare. Du. 1029. Consite. C. D. 1238. Cost. 1480. Countour. 361. Cuppes. To turnen c. 3926. Cytherus, pr. n. F. iii. 137. Douced. F. iii. 131. Dulcarnon. T. iii. 933, 5. Durense. C. D. 1199. Eclympasteire, pr. n. Du. 167. Farewell feldefare. R. 5510. T. iii. 853 Fortenid crese. R. 4875. Frape. T. iii. 411. Gattothed. 470. 6185. Gnoffe. 3188. Hawebake. 4515. Hermes Ballenus, pr. n. F. iii. 183 Hugest and Collo. T. L. B. ii. p. 493 Jack of Dover. 4345. Limote. pr. n. F. iii. 184. Louke. 4413. Madrian. 13898. Parodie. T. v. 1547. Pavade. 3927. Paysaunce. C. D. 1673. Pell. F. iii. 220. Popper. 3929. Pouder marchant. 323, Raket. T. iv. 461. Rewel bone. 13807. Sered pokettes, or pottes. 16270. Squaimous. 3337. Temen. F. iii. 654. Tidife. 10962. Trippe. 7329. Viretote. 3768 Vitremite. 14378. 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