Bergetus; dicatory to ADAM, (Melchior) lived in the 17th century. He was born in the territory of Grotkaw in Silefia, and educated in the college of Bricg, where the dukes of that name, to the Melch. As utmoft of their power, encouraged learning and the reformed dar in ep.4. religion as profeffed by Calvin. Here he became a firm inept. dedicat. Ger. Proteftant, and was enabled to purfue his ftudies by the libeTheolog. tality of a perfon of quality, who had left feveral exhibitions Joachim. for young ftudents. He was appointed rector of a college åt Heidelberg, where he published his first volume of illuftrious his epift. dethen in the year 1615. This volume, which confifted of his Ociman philofophers, poets, writers on polite literature, and historians, philofophets. c. was followed by three others; that which treated of divines was printed in 1619; that of the lawyers came next; and finally, that of the phyficians: the two laft were publifhed in 1620. All the learned men, whofe lives are contained in thefe four volumes, lived in the 16th, or beginhing of the 17th century, and are either Germans or Flemings, but he published in 1618 the lives of twenty divines of other countries in a separate volume. All his divines are Proteftants. He has given but a few lives, yet the work cost him a great deal of time, having been obliged to abridge the pieces from whence he had materials, whether they were lives, funeral fermons, eulogiums, prefaces, or memoirs of families. He omitted feveral perfons who deferved a place (a) in his work as Morhofas well as thofe he has taken notice of. The Lutherans were politor. not pleafed with him, for they thought him partial; nor will they allow his work to be a proper ftandard, whereby to judge p. iga. 209. (a) This he himself confeffes, "Quædam mihi monendus aut rogandus es, ini lector. Primum ne præteritos aut omiffos non paucos queraris, haud indignos, qui hoc in theatro appareant. In eo mea, mi le&tor, culpa nulla eft fed penuria fecit hiftoriæ; quam hancifci nullam ufpiam potui. Malui itaque prorfus tacere de multis præftantibus viris, quam, ut ille de Carthagine pauca dicere, et trita illa, natus eft, obiit, fcribere. Suppleri tamen poterit hic defectus, volente leo, et mutuas operas tradentibus bonis patriæque amantibus fi hujus voluminis tomus fecundus fuerit adornatus. Quod idem dictum volo, de reliquis vitis juris confultorum;" i. e. "Reader, I must acquaint you with, or requeft fome things of you. Fit, that you would not think the many perfons, who are not mentioned in this work, as unworthy of a place in it. The fault, reader, is not mine, but is owing to the scarcity of materials, which I could by no means procure. I chose therefore to be wholly filent about many excellent perfons, rather than to fay but a very little (after the manner of the man fpeaking of Carthage) or to use those trite expreffions; He was born, he died. Yet this deficiency may be fupplied, if good men and lovers of their country will contribute their affiftance to the fecond volume of this work. The fame I defire may be understood concerning the lives of the lawyers, ftatefmen, phyficians, and philofophers." Melch. Adam. præfat. Theolog. Germanorum. of of the learning of Germany. He wrote other works befides his lives (b), and died in 1622. (b) Viz. 1. Apographum monumentorum Heidelbergenfium. 2. Notæ in Orationem Julii Cæfaris Scaligeri pro M. T. Cicerone contra Ciceroniarum Erasmi. 3. Parodiæ et Metaphrases Horatianæ. Diarium Biograph, Henningi Witte. In the catalogue of the Bodleian library, he is faid to have been the author of Hiftoria Ecclefiaftica Hamburgenfis et Bremenfis : but this work, according to Mr. Bayle, was written by one Adam, a canon of Bremen, who lived in the 11th century. ADAMSON (Patrick) a Scottish prelate, archbishop of St. Andrews. He was born in the year 1563, in the town of Perth, where he received the rudiments of his education, and afterwards studied philosophy, and took his degree of master of arts at the university of St. Andrews. In the year 1566, he fet out for Paris, as tutor to a young gentleman. In the month of June in the fame year, Mary, queen of Scots, being delivered of a son, afterwards James VI. of Scotland, and first of England, Mr. Adamson wrote a Latin poem on the occafron. This proof of his loyalty involved him in fome difficulties, having been confined in France for fix months; nor would he have got off so easily, had not queen Mary, and fome of the principal nobility, interested themselves in his behalf (a). As foon as he recovered his liberty, he retired with his pupil to Bourges. He was in this city during the massacre at Paris; and the fame bloody perfecuting spirit prevailing amongst the catholics at Bourges, as at the metropolis, he lived concealed for feven months at a public houfe, the master of which, upwards of feventy years of age, was thrown from the top thereof, and had his brains dafhed out, for his charity to heretics. Whilft Mr. Adamfon lay thus in his Præfat. in fepulchre, as he called it, he wrote his Latin poetical Job. verfion of the Book of Job, and his Tragedy of Herod, Calderwood's in the fame language. In the year 1573, he returned Hiftory of to Scotland, and, having entered into holy orders, be- the Church came minister of Paifley. In the year 1575, he was ap- fol. 1680, (a) The title of his poem ran thus: Sereniffimi et nobiliffimi Scotiæ, Angliæ, Franciæ, et Hiberniæ Principis, Henrici Stuarti illuftriffimi Herois, ac Mariæ Reginæ ampliffime, filii genethliacum; i. e. "A Poem on the Birth of the most ferene and most noble Prince of Scotland, England, France, and Ireland, Son of the most illuftrious Hero, Henry The giving the titles of France pointed of Scotland, P. 55. Ib. pointed one of the commiffioners, by the general affembly, to fettle the jurifdiction and policy of the church; and the folCalderwood. lowing year he was named, with Mr. David Lindlay, to report their proceedings to the earl of Moreton, then regent. About this time, the earl made him one of his chaplains, and, on the death of bishop Douglas, promoted him to the archiepifcopal fee of St. Andrews, a dignity which brought upon him great trouble and uneafinefs; for now the clamour of the prefbyterian party rose very high against him, and many inconfiftent abfurd ftories were propagated against him (b). Soon after his promotion, he published his Catechifm in Latin verfe, a work highly approved, even by his enemies (c); but, nevertheless, they ftill conti nued to perfecute him with great violence. In 1578, he fubmitted himself to the general affembly, which procured him peace but for a very little time; for the year following, they brought fresh accufations against him. In the year 1582, being attacked with a grievous difeafe, in which the phyficians could give him no relief, he happened to take a fimple medicine from an old woman, which did him service. The woman, whofe name was Alison Pearfone, was thereupon charged with witchcraft, and committed to prifon, but escaped out of her confinement; however, about four years afterwards, fhe was again found, and burnt for a witch (d). (b) Mr. Calderwood says, That his father's name was Conftance, a baker in Perth, and, under the name of Conftance, he affifted as a minifter in the first general affembly of the kirk of Scotland, in the year 1560. After this, having deferted his miniftry, he went over to France to study the laws; but, upon his return, he betook himself again to the ministry, and being baulked of the archbishopric of St. Andrews, in the month of February, 1572, he preached at St. Andrews; and in his fermon told the people, that there were three forts of bishops; my lord bishop, my lord's bishop, and the Lord's bishop. My lord bi fhop was in the time of popery; my lord's bishop is now, when my lord getteth the fat of the benefice, and the bishop fueth for a portion out of the benefice, to make my lord's right fure; and the Lord's bishop is the true minister of the gofpel." Calderwood, p. 55. (c) The title of this work was Catechifmus Latino carmine redditus, et in libros quatuor digeftus, 1577. It was written for the use of the young king; and was received with 'fo much applause, that Mr. Robert Pont and Mr. James Lawson, both violent perfecutors of our author, publifhed two Latin poems in praise of it. Mackenzie, vol. III. p. 367. (d) Calderwood thus tells the flory, "Mr. Patrick Adamson, called commonly bishop of St. Andrews, had kept his caftle, like a fox in a hole, a long time, difeafed of a great feditie, as he himself called his disease. He fought cure of women suspected of witchcraft; namely, of one, who was apprehended, tried by the pref. bytery, and committed to the castle, to be kept for farther trial, but fuffered by him to escape; yet was she apprehended within three or four years after, and was executed in Edinburgh." True Hiftory of the Church of Scotland, p. 140. 75 In 1583, king James came to St. Andrews, and the archbifhop, being much recovered, preached before him, and difputed with Mr. Andrew Melvil, in prefence of his majesty, with great reputation, which drew upon him fresh calumny and perfecution (e). The king, however, was fo well pleased with him, that he fent him embaffador to queen Elizabeth, at whose court he refided for fome years. His conduct, during his embafly, has been variously reported by different authors. Two things he principally laboured, viz. the recommending the king, his mafter, to the nobility and gentry of England, and the procuring fome fupport for the epifcopal party in Scotland. By his eloquent preaching, he drew after him fuch crowds of people, and raised in their minds fuch a high idea of the young king, his mafter, that queen Elizabeth forbad him to enter the pulpit during his stay in her dominions. In Vit. Pat. 1584, he was recalled, and fat in the parliament held in Au- Adamfon. guft at Edinburgh. The prefbyterian party were ftill very violent against the archbishop. A provincial fynod was held at St. Andrews in April 1586; the archbishop was here accused and excommunicated; he appealed to the king and the ftates, but this availed him but little; for the mob being excited against him, he durft fcarce appear in public in the city of St. Andrews. At the next general affembly a paper being Calderwood, produced, containing the archbishop's fubmiffion, he was ab- P. 199. folved from the excommunication. In 1588, fresh accufations were brought against him. The year following, he published the Lamentations of the prophet Jeremiah, in Latin verse, which he dedicated to the king, complaining of his hard ufage. In the latter end of the fame year, he published a tranflation of the Apocalypfe, in Latin verfe, and a copy of Latin verfes, addreffed alfo to his majefty, when he was in great diftrefs. The king, however, was fo far from giving him affiftance, that he granted the revenue of his fee to the (e) « When the king cometh to St. Andrews, (fays Calderwood) he (the archbishop) becometh a whole man, occupied the pulpit incontinent, declaimed before the king against the ministry and the lords, and their proceeding. He profeffed before, that he had not the gift of application, now he applieth, but infpired with another spirit than faithful minifters used to be, In his fermon he affirmed for certain, that the duke of Lenox died a Protestant, having in his hand a fcroll, which he called the duke Vit. Pat. duke of Lenox fo that the remaining part of this prelate's life was very wretched, having hardly fubfiftence for his family. He died in 1591 (ƒ). (f) Mr. Wilson published a quarto volume of this prelate's works; but, befides what this contained, the archbishop wrote also several works which never appeared in print; fuch as fix books on the Hebrew Republic, various tranflations of the Pro phets into Latin verfe, prelections on St. Paul's Epistles to Timothy, various apologetical and funeral Orations, and a History of his Own Times, and fome other pieces, the titles of which are not known. Mackenzie, vol. III. p. 376. ADDISON (Lancelot) fon of Lancelot Addison, a clergyman, born at Mauldismeaburne, in the parish of Crosby Ravenfworth, in Weftmorland, in the year 1632. He was educated at the grammar fchool of Appleby, and afterwards fent to Queen's College, in Oxford, upon the foundation; on the 25th of January, 1654, he was admitted batchelor of arts, and mafter of arts on the 4th of July, 1657. As he had now greatly diftinguished himself in the univerfity, he was chofen one of the terræ filii for the act which was celebrated in 1658; but, his oration having been very fatirical upon the pride, ignorance, hypocrify, and avarice of thofe then in power, he was compelled to make a recantation, and to afk pardon on his knees. Soon after he left Oxford, and retired to Petworth, in Suffex, where he refided till the reftoration. The gentlemen of Suffex having recommended him to Dr. King, bishop of Chester, as a man who had suffered for his loyalty and attachment to the conftitution of church and ftate, the bishop received him kindly, and, in all probability, would have preferred him, had he not accepted of the chaplainfhip at Dunkirk, contrary to his lordship's approbaWood's A- tion. Mr. Addison continued at Dunkirk till the year 1662, then. Cxon when the place being delivered up to the French, he returned to England. The year following, he went chaplain to the garrifon at Tangier, where he refided fome years. He came back to England in the year 1670, with a refolution to return to Tangier. He was appointed chaplain in ordinary to his majesty foon after his coming over; he had no thoughts, however, of quitting his chaplainfhip at Tangier; nevertheless it was conferred upon another, whereby Mr. Addison became poor in his circumftances. In this fituation of his affairs, a gentleman, in Wiltshire, beftowed on him the rectory of Milfton, in Wilts, worth about one hundred and twenty pounds per annum. Soon after he was alfo made prebendary of Minor pars altaris, in the cathedral of Sarum; and, on vel. II. col. 970. |