him not; Then I will set my face against that man, and against his family, and will cut him off, and all that go a whoring after him, to commit whoredom with Molech, from among their people. 2 Kings iii, 26. And when the king of Moab saw that the battle was too sore for him, he took with him seven hundred men break that drew swords, to through even unto the king of Edom: but they could not. 2 Kings ill, 27. Then he took his eldest son, that should have reigned in his stead, and offered him for a burnt-offering upon the wall. And there was great indignation against Israel: and they departed from him, and returned to their own land. 2 Kings xvi, 3. But he walked in the way of the kings of Israel, yea, and made his son to pass through the fire, according to the abominations of the heathen, whom the LORD cast out from be fore the children of Israel. 2 Kings xvii, 17, 18. And they caused their sons and their daughters to pass through the fire, and used divination and enchantments, and sold themselves to do evil in the sight of the LORD, to provoke him to anger. Therefore the hast taken thy sons and thy daughters whom thou hast born unto me, and these hast thou sacrificed unto them to be devoured. Is this of thy whoredoms a small matter. That thou hast slain my children, and delivered them to cause them to pass through the fire for them. Elijah had spoken: and Jehoram reigned in his stead, in the second year of Jehoram the sou of Jehoshaphat king of Judah; because he had no son. CONSULTATION IN VARIOUS FORMS. WITCHCRAFT. Ezek. xx, 31. For when ye offer Exod. xxii, 18. Thou shalt not sons to pass through the fire, ye you. had slain their children to their Ezek. xxiil, 39. For when they idols, then they came the same day into my sanctuary to profane it; and, lo, thus have they done in the midst of mine house. Micah vi, 7. Will the LORD be pleased with thousands of rams, or with ten thousands of rivers of oil? shall I give my first-born for my transgression, the fruit of my body for the sin of my soul. 8-CONSULTATION OF IDOLS. 2 Kings i, 2-6, 16, 17. And Ahazlah fell down through a lattice in his upper chamber that was in Lev. xix, 26, 31. Ye shall not eat any thing with the blood; neither shall ye use enchantment, nor obServe times. Regard not them that have familiar spirits, neither seek after wizards, to be defiled by them: I am the LORD your God. Lev. xx. 27. A man also, or woman, that hath a familiar spirit, or that is a wizard, shall surely be put to death: they shall stone them with stones; their blood shall be upon them. Deut. xviii, 10-12. There shall not be found among you any one that maketh his son or his daughter to pass through the fire, or that useth divination, or an observer of times, or an enchanter, or a witch, Or a charmer, or a consulter with familiar spirits, or a wizard, or a necromancer. For all that do these things are an abomination unto the LORD: and LORD was very angry with Israel, Samaria, and was sick and he because of these abominations the and removed them out of his sight: there was none left but the tribe of Judah only. 2 Kings xxi, 6. And he [Manassen] made his son to pass through the fire, and observed times, and used enchantments, and dealt with familiar spirits and wizards: he wrought much wickedness in the sight of the LORD, to provoke him to anger. 2 Chron. xxviii, 3. Moreover he [Ahaz] burnt incense in the valley of the son of Hinnom, and burnt his children in the fire, after the abominations of the heathen whom the LORD had cast out before the children of Israel. Ps. cvi, 37, 38. Yea, they sacrificed their sons and their daughters unto devils, And shed innocent blood, even the blood of their sons and of their daughters, whom they sacrificed unto the idols of Canaan: and the land was polluted with blood. sent messengers, and said unto them, Go, enquire of Baal-zebub the god of Ekron whether I shall recover of this disease. But the angel of the LORD said to Elijah the Tishbite, Arise, go up to meet the messengers of the king of Samaria, and say unto them, Is it not because there is not a God in Israel, that ye go to enquire of Baal-zebub the god of Ekron? Now therefore thus saith the LORD, Thou shalt not come down from that bed on which thou art gone up, but shalt surely die. And Elijah departed. And when the messengers turned back unto him, he said unto them, Why are ye now turned back? And they said unto him, There came a man up to meet us, and said unto us, Go, turn again unto the king that sent you, and say unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Is it not because there is not a God in Israel, that thou sendest to enquire of Baal-zebub the god of Ekron? therefore thou shalt not come down from that bed on which thou art gone up, but shalt surely die. And he said Forasmuch as thou hast sent mes unto him, Thus saith the LORD, sengers to enquire of Baal-zebub the god of Ekron, is it not because there is no God in Israel to enquire of his word? therefore thou shalt not come down off that bed on which thou art gone up, but shalt surely die. So he died, according to the word of the LORD which LORD thy God doth drive them out from before thee. 2 Kings ix, 22. And it came to pass, when Joram saw Jehu, that he said, Is it peace, Jehu? And he answered, What peace, so long as the whoredoms of thy mother Jezebel and her witchcrafts are so many? 2 Chron. xxxiii, 6. He [Manasseh] observed times, and used enchantments, and used witchcraft, and dealt with a familiar spirit, and with wizards. . . ... Isa. viii, 19. And when they shall say unto you, Seek unto them that have familiar spirits, and unto wizards that peep and that mutter; should not a people seek unto their God? for the living to the dead? Isa. xxix, 4. And thou shalt be brought down, and shalt speak out of the ground, and thy speech shall be low out of the dust, and thy voice shall be, as of one that hath a familiar spirit, out of the ground, and thy speech shall whisper out of the dust. Jer. xxvii, 9, 10. Therefore hearken not ye to your prophets, nor to your diviners, nor to your dreamers, nor to your enchanters, nor to your sorcerers, which speak unto you, saying, Ye shall not serve the king of Babylon: For they prophesy a lie unto you, to remove you far from your land; and that I should drive you out, and ye should perish. Micah v, 12. And I will cut off witchcrafts out of thine hand; and thou shalt have no more soothsayers. Nahum ill, 4. Because of the multitude of the whoredoms of the well-favoured harlot, the mistress of witchcrafts, that selleth nations through her whoredoms, and families through her witchcrafts. DIVINATION. Gen. xliv, 4, 5, 15. And when they were gone out of the city,, and not yet far off, Joseph said unto his steward, Up, follow after the men; and when thou dost overtake them, say unto them, Wherefore have ye rewarded evil for good? Is not this it in which my lord drinketh, and whereby indeed he divineth? ye have done evil in so doing. And Joseph said unto them, What deed is this that ye have done? wot ye not that such a man as I can certainly divine. Num. xxiv, 1. And when Balaam saw that it pleased the LORD to bless Israel, he went not, as at other times, to seek for enchantments, but he set his face toward the wilderness. Joshua xiii, 22. Balaam also, the son of Beor, the soothsayer, did the children of Israel slay with the sword among them that were slain by them. Esther vi, 13. And Haman told Zeresh his wife and all his friends every thing that had befallen him. Then said his wise men and Zeresh his wife unto him, If Mordecai be of the seed of the Jews, before whom thou hast begun to fall, thou shalt not prevail against him, but shalt surely fall before bim. Isa. 11, 6. Therefore thou hast forsaken thy people the house of Jacob,because they be replenished from the east, and are soothsayers like the Philistines, and they please themselves in the children of strangers. wisdom and understanding, that me cut off those that have familiar spirits, and the wizards, out of the land: wherefore then layest thou a share for my life, to cause me to die? And Saul sware to her by Dan. v, 7, 15. The king cried aloud the LORD, saying, As the LORD to bring in the astrologers, the Chal-liveth, there shall no punishment deans, and the soothsayers. And happen to thee for this thing. the king spake, and said to the Then said the woman, Whom wise men of Babylon, Whosoever shall I bring up unto thee? And shall read this writing, and show he said, Bring me up Samuel. Andwhen the woman saw Samuel, she cried with a loud voice: and the woman spake to Saul, saying, Why hast thou deceived me? for thou art Saul. And the king said unto her, Be not afraid: for what sawest thou? and the woman said unto Saul, I saw gods ascending out of the earth. And he said unto her, What form is he of? And she said, An old man cometh up; and he is covered with a it was Samuel, and he stooped mantle. And Saul perceived that with his face to the ground, and bowed himself. And Samuel said the interpretation thereof, Acts xvi, 16-18. And it came to to come out of her. And he came NECROMANCY. 1 Sam. xxviii, 3-25. Now Samuel lamented him, and buried him in was dead, and all Israel had Ramah, even in his own city: and familiar spirits, and the wizards, Saul had put away those that had tines gathered out of the land. And the Philisgether, and came and pitched themselves toin Shunem; and Saul gathered all Israel together, and they pitched in Gilboa. And when Saul saw the host of the Philistines, he was afraid, and his heart greatly trembled. And when Saul enquired of the LORD, the LORD answered him not, neither by dreams, nor by Urim, nor by prophets. Then said Saul unto his servants, Seek me a woman that hath a familiar spirit, that I may go to her, and enquire of her. And his servants said to him, hath a' familiar spirit at En-dor. Behold, there is a woman that Ezek. xxi, 22. At his right hand put on other raiment, and he went, And Saul disguised himself, and was the divination for Jerusalem, and two men with him, and they to appoint captains, to open the mouth in the slaughter, to lift up he said, I pray thee, divine unto came to the woman by night: and the voice with shouting, to appoint me by the familiar spirit, and bring battering-rams against the gates, me him up whom I shall name to cast a mount, and to build a fort. unto thee. And the woman said unto him, Behold, thou knowest Dan. 1, 20. And in all matters of what Saul hath done, how he hath 273 Isa. xlvii, 13. Thou art wearied in the multitude of thy counsels. Let now the astrologers, the stargazers, the monthly prognosticators, stand up and save thee from these things that shall come upon thee. War to Saul, Why hast thou disquieted me, to bring me up? And Saul against me, and God is departed answered, I am sore distressed; for the Philistines make from me, and answereth me no more, neither by prophets, nor by dreams: therefore I have called thee, that thou mayest make known unto me what I shall do. Then said Samuel, Wherefore then dost thou ask of me, seeing the LORD is departed from thee and is become thine enemy? And the LORD hath done to him as he spake by me: for the LORD hath hand, and given it to thy neighrent the kingdom out of thine bour, even to David: Because LORD, nor executedst his fierce thou obeyedst not the voice of the wrath upon Amalek, therefore unto thee this day. Moreover, the hath the LORD done this thing LORD will also deliver Israel with thee into the hand of the Philistines; and to-morrow shalt thou and thy sons be with me: the LORD also shall deliver the host of Israel into the hand of the Philistines. Then Saul fell straightway all along on the earth, and was sore afraid, because of the words of Samuel: and there was no strength in him; for he had eaten no bread all the day, nor all the night. And the woman came unto Saul, and saw that he was Behold, thine handmaid sore troubled, and said unto him, hath my life in my hand, and have obeyed thy voice, and I have put hearkened unto thy words which therefore, I pray thee, hearken thou spakest unto me: thou also unto the voice of thine handmaid, and let me set a morsel of bread before thee; and eat, that thou mayest have strength when thou goest on thy way. But he Now refused, and said, I will not eat. But his servants, together with the woman, compelled him; and he hearkened unto their voice. So he arose from the earth, and sat upon the bed. And the woman had a fat calf in the house; and she hasted, and killed it, and took flour and kneaded it, and did bake unleavened bread thereof: And she brought it before Saul, and before his servants, and they did eat. Then they rose up, and went away that night. MAGIC AND SORCERY. Exod. vii, 11, 12, 21, 22. Then Pharaoh also called the wise men and the sorcerers: now the magicians of Egypt, they also did in like manner with their enchantments: For they cast down every man his rod, and they became serpents: but Aaron's rod swallowed up their rods. And the fish that was in the river died; and the river stank, and the Egyptians could not drink of the water of the river: and there was blood throughout all the land of Egypt. And the magicians of Egypt did so with their enchantments: and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, neither did he hearken unto them; as the LORD had said. Exod. viii, 7, 18, 19. And the magicians did so with their enchantments, and brought up frogs upon the land of Egypt. And the magicians did so with their enchantments to bring forth lice, but they could not: so there were lice upon man and upon beast. Then the magicians said unto Pharaoh, This is the finger of God: and Pharaoh's heart was hardened, and he hearkened not unto them; as the LORD had said. Exod. 1x, 11. And the magicians could not stand before Moses because of the boils; for the boil was upon the magicians, and upon all the Egyptians. Acts viii, 9-11. But there was a certain man, called Simon, which beforetime in the same city used sorcery, and bewitched the people of Samaria, giving out that himself was some great one: ΤΟ whom they all gave heed, from the least to the greatest, saying, This man is the great power of God. And to him they had regard, because that of long time he had bewitched them with sorceries. Acts xiii, 6, 8. And when they had gone through the isle unto Paphos, they found a certain sorcerer, a false prophet, a Jew, whose name was Bar-jesus. But Elymas the sorcerer (for so is his name by interpretation) withstood them, seeking to turn away the deputy from the faith. the vagabond Jews, exorcists, also dwelling at Ephesus; and fear Isa. xix, 3, 12. And the spirit of Egypt shall fail in the midst thereof; and I will destroy the counsel thereof; and they shall seek to the idols, and to the charmers, and to them that have familiar spirits, and to the wizards. wise men? and let them tell thee Where are they? where are thy now, and let them know what the LORD of host hath purposed upon Egypt. Isa. xliv, 25. That frustrateth the tokens of the liars, and maketh diviners mad; that turneth wise men backward, and maketh their knowledge foolish. Isa. xlvii, 12, 14. Stand now with thine enchantments, and with the multitude of thy sorceries, wherein thou hast laboured from thy youth; if so be thou shalt be able to profit, if so be thou mayest prevail. Behold, they shall be as stubble; the fire shall burn them; they shall not deliver themselves from the power of the flame: there shall not be a coal to warm at, nor fire to sit before it. Daniel v, 8. Then came in all the king's wise men: but they could not read the writing, nor make known to the king the interActs xix, 13-20. Then certain of pretation thereof. Judges vi, 25. And it came to pass the same night, that the LORD said unto him, Take thy father's young bullock, even the second bullock of seven years old, and throw down the altar of Baal that thy father hath and cut down the grove that is by it. BAAL-BERITH AND BAALIM. Judges viii, 83. And it came to pass, as soon as Gideon was dead. that the children of Israel turned again, and went a whoring after Baalim, and made Baal-berith their god. BAAL-PEOR. Hosca ix, 10. I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness; I saw the fig-tree at her first time: but your fathers as the first-ripe in they went to Baal-peor, and separated themselves unto that shame; and their abominations were according as they loved. BAAL-ZEBUB. 2 Kings i, 16. And he said unto him, Thus saith the LORD, Forasmuch as thou hast sent messengers to enquire of Baal-zebub the god of Ekron, is it not because there is no God in Israel to enquire of his word? BEL. Jer. 11, 44. And I will punish Bel in Babylon; and I will bring forth out of his mouth that which he hath swallowed up: and the na tions shall not flow together any more unto him; yea, the wall of Babylon shall fall. BERITH. men of the tower of Shechem heard that, they entered into an hold of the house of the god Berith. CHEMOSH. Jer. 1, 2. Babylon is taken, Bel is confounded, Mero | Nebo stoopeth; their idols were | NISROCH. 2 Kings xix, 37. And it came to QUEEN OF HEAVEN. REMPHAN. tabernacle of Moloch, and the RIMMON. 2 Kings v, 18. In this thing the LORD pardon thy servant, that when my master goeth into the house of Rimmon to worship there, and he leaneth on my hand, and I bow myself in the house of Rimmon: when I bow down myLORD pardon thy servant in this self in the house of Rimmon, the thing. TAMMUZ. Ezek. viii, 14. Then he brought me to the door of the gate of the LORD's house which was toward the north; and, behold, there sat women weeping for Tammuz. UNKNOWN GOD. Acts xvii, 23. For as I passed found an altar with this inscripby, and beheld your devotions. I tion, TO THE UNKNOWN GOD. Whom therefore ye ignorantly worship, him declare I unto you. IV. SIN AND GUILT OF LORD spake unto you in Horeb out of the midst of the fire,) Lest ye corrupt yourselves, and make you a graven image, the similitude of any figure, the likeness of male or female, The likeness of any beast that is on the earth, the likeness of any winged fowl that flieth in the air, of any thing that creepeth on the The likeness ground, the likeness of any fish that is in the waters beneath the earth: Take heed unto yourselves, lest ye forget the covenant of the LORD your God, which he made with you, and make you a graven image, or the likeness of any thing, which the LORD thy God hath forbidden thee, Deut. xi, 16, 17. Take heed to yourselves, that your heart be not deceived, and ye turn aside, and them; And then the LORD's wrath serve other gods, and worship be kindled against you, and he shut up the heaven, that there be not her fruit; and lest ye perish no rain, and that the land yield quickly from off the good land which the LORD giveth you. family, or tribe, whose heart turnbe among you man, or woman, or Deut. xxix, 18. Lest there should eth away this day from the LORD our God, to go and serve the gods of these nations; lest there should be among you a root that beareth gall and wormwood. 2.-IDOLS AND IDOLATROUS CUSTOMS OF THE HEATHEN TO BE AVOIDED. destroy their altars, break their Exod. xxxiv, 13, 16. But ye shall images, and cut down their groves: unto thy sons, and their daughters And thou take of their daughters go a whoring after their gods, and make thy sons go a whoring after their gods. the children of Israel, and say Num. xxxiii, 51, 52. Speak unto unto them, When ye are passed over Jordan into the land of Canaan. Then ye shall drive out all the inhabitants of the land their pictures, and destroy all from before you, and destroy all pluck down all their high places. their molten images, and quite Deut. vii, 3, 4, 5, 25, 26. Neither shalt thou make marriages with them; thy daughter thou shalt not give unto his son, nor his daughter shalt thou take unto thy son. For they will turn away thy son from following me, that they may serve other gods: so dach is broken in pieces; her idols 1-DISTINCT AND ORIGINAL will the anger of the LORD be are confounded, her images are broken in pieces. CAUTION. Deut. iv, 15-18, 23. Take ye therefore good heed unto your selves, (for ye saw no manner of Isa. xlvi, 1. Bel boweth down, similitude on the day that the NEBO. 275 kindled against you, and destroy and burn their graven images with fire. The graven images of their gods shall ye burn with fire: thou shalt not desire the silver or gold that is on them, nor take it unto thee, lest thou be snared therein: for it is an abomination to the LORD thy God. Neither shalt thou bring an abomination into thine house, lest thou be a cursed thing like it: but thou shalt detest it, and thou shalt utterly abhor it; for it is a cursed thing. Deut. xii, 2-4, 29-31. Ye shall utterly destroy all the places wherein the nations which ye shall possess served their gods, upon the high mountains, and upon the hills, and under every green tree. And ye shall overthrow their altars, and break their pillars, and burn their groves with fire; and ye shall hew down the graven images of their gods, and destroy the names of them out of that place. Ye shall not do so unto the LORD your God. When the LORD thy God shall cut off the nations from before thee, Whither thou goest to possess them, and thou succeedest them, and dwellest in their land; Take heed to thyself, that thou be not snared by following them, after that they be destroyed from before thee; and that thou enquire not after their gods, saying, How | bow down to their gods, nor serve them, nor do after their works; but thou shalt utterly overthrow them, and quite break down their images. Exod. xxxiv, 17. Thou shalt make thee no molten gods. Lev. xix, 4. Turn ye not unto idols, nor make to yourselves molten gods: I am the LORD your God. Lev. xxvi, 1. Ye shall make you no idols nor graven image, neither rear up you a standing image, neither shall ye set up any image of stone in your land, to bow down unto it: for I am the LORD your God. Deut. v, 8, 9. Thou shalt not make thee any graven image, or any 'likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the waters beneath the earth. Thou shalt not bow down thyself unto them, nor serve them; for I the LORD thy God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children unto the third and fourth generation of them that hate me. Deut. xvi, 22. Neither shalt thou set thee up any image, which the LORD thy God hateth. V. 1 which brought thee out of the land of Egypt, from the house of bondage. And all Israel shall hear, and fear, and shall do no more any such wickedness as this is among you. If thou shalt hear say in one of thy cities, which the LORD thy God hath given thee to dwell there, saying, Certain men, the children of Belial, are gone out from among you, and have withdrawn the inhabitants of their city, saying, Let us go and serve other gods, which ye have not known; Then shalt thou enquire, and make search, and ask diligently; and, behold, if it be truth, and the thing certain, that such abomination is wrought smite the inhabitants of that city among you; Thou shalt surely with the edge of the sword, destroying it utterly, and all that is therein, and the cattle thereof, with the edge of the sword. Deut. xvii, 2-5. If there be found among you, within any of thy gates which the LORD thy God giveth thee, man or woman, that hath wrought wickedness in the sight of the LORD thy God, in transgressing his covenant, And hath and worshipped them, either the gone and served other gods, sun, or moon, or any of the host of heaven, which I have not commanded; And it be told thee, and thou hast heard of it, and en did these nations serve their gods? PENALTY OF IDOLATRY. quired diligently, and, behold, it even so will I do likewise. Thou shalt not do so unto the LORD thy God: for every abomination to the LORD which he hateth have they done unto their gods; for even their sons and their daughters they have burnt in the fire to their gods. Deut. xii, 17, 18. And there shall cleave nought of the cursed thing to thine hand: that the LORD may turn from the fierceness of dis anger, and shew thee mercy, and have compassion upon thee, and multiply thee, as he hath sworn unto thy fathers; When thou shalt hearken to the voice of the LORD thy God, to keep all his commandments which I command the this day, to do that which is right in the eyes of the LORD thy God. Amos v, 5. But seek not Beth-el, nor enter into Gilgal, and pass not to Beer-sheba: for Gilgal shall surely go into captivity, and Beth el shall come to nought. 8.-IDOLS NOT TO BE MADE NOR WORSHIPPED. Exod. xx, 23. Ye shall not make with me gods of silver, neither shall ye make unto you gods of gold. Ecod. xxiii, 24. Thou shalt not 1.-DEATH. Exod. xxii, 20. He that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto the LORD only, he shall be utterly destroyed. Deut. xiii, 5-15. And that prophet, or that dreamer of dreams, shall be put to death; because he hath spoken to turn you away from the LORD your God, which brought you out of the land of Egypt... If thy brother, the son of thy mother, or thy son, or thy daughter, or the wife of thy bosom, or thy friend, which is as thine own soul, entice thee secret ly, saying, Let us go and serve other gods, which thou hast not known, thou, nor thy fathers; Namely, of the gods of the people which are round about you, nigh from the 'one end of the earth unto thee, or far off from thee, even unto the other end of the earth; Thou shalt not consent unto him, nor hearken unto him; neither shall thine eye pity him, neither shalt thou spare, neither shalt thou conceal him: But thou shalt surely kill him; thine hand shall be first upon him to put him to death, and afterwards the hand of all the people. And thou shalt stone him with stones, that he die; because he hath sought to thrust thee away from the LORD thy God, be true, and the thing certain, that such abomination is wrought in Israel: Then shalt thou bring forth that man or that woman, which have committed that wick ed thing unto thy gates, even that man or that woman, and shalt stone them with stones, till they die. turn away, so that thou wilt not Deut. xxx, 17, 18. But if thine heart hear, but shalt be drawn away, and worship other gods, and serve day, that ye shall surely perish them; I denounce unto you this and that ye shall not prolong your days upon the land whither thon passest over Jordan to go to possess it. 1 Kings xiv, 9, 10. But hast done evil above all that were before thee: for thou hast gone molten images, to provoke me to and made thee other gods, and anger, and hast cast me behind thy back; Therefore, behold, I will bring evil upon the house of Jeroboam, and will cut off from Jeroboam him that pisseth against the wall, and him that is shut up and left in Israel, and will take away the remnant of the house of Jeroboam, as a man taketh away dung, till it be all gone. 1 Kings xix, 1, 2. And Ahab told Jezebel all that Elijah had done, and withal how he had slain |