last named included his "Treatise of Martinus Scriblerus." The authors who were attacked in this retaliated, and thereupon Pope, with the advice and assistance of Swift, wrote his "Dunciad," to crush them all at a blow, published in 1723. His "Moral Essays" appeared in 1731–35, and his "Essay on Man" in 1732 - 34. These were intended as parts of a great work which he never completed. A volume of Pope's letters to Henry Cromwell having been published in 1726, and his "Literary Correspondence for Thirty Years" somewhat mysteriously in 1735, he himself published his letters in 1737, professedly in self-defence, though it is probable that the previous volume, which he pronounced unauthorized and imperfect, was his own affair. In the professedly correct edition he had rewritten and altered many of the letters, and written others solely for their appearance there.

He was at work upon a final revised edition of his works when he died at Twickenham, May 30, 1744. One of the best biographies of him is that by R. Carruthers. A concordance to Pope's works, by Edwin Abbott, was published in London and New York in 1875.

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ADELAIDE ANNE PROCTER.

A Woman's Question, XV. 46.

DELAIDE ANNE PROCTER was born in London, October 30, 1825. She was the daughter of Bryan Waller Procter. She was quite precocious in her

literary tastes, and learned French, Italian, and German at a very early age. She travelled on the Continent, and spent some time in Turin, where she studied the Piedmontese dialect. In the spring of 1853 she began to contribute poems to Dickens's "Household Words," under the assumed name of Mary Berwick. Dickens greatly admired them, and one day in December, 1854, when he went to dine with Procter, he called his attention to the last one. It was then revealed to him that his unknown contributor was his host's daughter, who had concealed her identity lest her poetry should be accepted for her father's sake, and not for its merits. She published "Legends and Lyrics," First Series, 1858, Second Series, 1861; and "A Chaplet of Verses," for the benefit of a night refuge, in 1862. She died in London, February 2, 1864, in the Catholic faith, which she had professed twelve years before. Charles Dickens wrote an Introduction for the complete collection of her poems, which have passed through many editions.

BRYAN WALLER PROCTER.

A Petition to Time, XV. 122. A Bridal Dirge, XV. 163.— She was not Fair, nor full of Grace, XV. 165.

BRYAN

RYAN WALLER PROCTER was born near London in 1787. He was a schoolmate of Byron's at Harrow, whence he went to Calne, in Wiltshire, to study in the office of a solicitor. There he first met Crabbe,

Moore, and other literary men with whom he afterward became intimate. He removed to London, was admitted to the bar in 1831, and became a conveyancer. For many years he was a commissioner in lunacy, resigning the office in 1861. He died in London, October 5, 1874. He was a year older than Byron, and was a young man when Scott published his first great poem, and he long outlived that whole galaxy of poets who made the early part of this century an era in English literature.

Procter's works, all of which appeared under the pseudonyme of Barry Cornwall, are: "Dramatic Scenes, and other Poems," 1819; "Marcian Colonna, an Italian Tale, with three Dramatic Scenes, and other Poems," 1820; "A Sicilian Story, with Diego de Mantilla, and other Poems," 1820; “Mirandola, a Tragedy," which was played successfully at Covent Garden, 1821; "The Flood of Thessaly, and other Poems," 1822; "Effigies Poetica," 1824; "English Songs, and other Small Poems," 1832; "Life of Edmund Kean," 1835; “Essays and Tales in Prose," 1851; and "Charles Lamb, a Memoir," 1866.

EDNA

EDNA DEAN PROCTOR.

Heroes, XV. 144.

DNA DEAN PROCTOR was born in Henniker, New Hampshire. She was educated in Concord, and at an early age removed to Brooklyn, N. Y., where she has since resided. She has travelled extensively, and

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written largely for periodicals, and has published “Life Thoughts," extracts from Henry Ward Beecher's sermons, 1858; a volume of poems, 1866; and "A Russian Journey," 1873. Heroes was written during the War of the Rebellion, and appeared originally in a small volume published for the benefit of a soldiers' fair in New York City.

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SIR WALTER RALEIGH.

The Lie, XV. 204.

ALTER RALEIGH was born in Hayes, Devonshire, England, in 1552. He spent a year at Oriel College, Oxford, and then, at the age of seventeen, joined a body of troops sent by Elizabeth to assist the Huguenots in France. Afterward he fought under the Prince of Orange against the Spaniards in the Netherlands. In 1579 he sailed for America with his brother-in-law, Sir Humphrey Gilbert, who had obtained a patent for establishing a plantation here. One of their ships was lost, and the others were so damaged in an engagement with a Spanish fleet that they had to return. In 1580 Raleigh served as a captain of the troops sent against the rebellion of the Desmonds in Ireland.

When he had returned to England he met the queen walking one day, and threw down his cloak for her to step on in passing over a muddy place in the street. She admitted him to court, and he became her favorite, his only considerable rival being Essex. After the loss of

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the expedition in which Gilbert went down, Raleigh obtained a patent for another, which explored the coast of what is now North Carolina, and returned with exaggerated accounts of the wealth of the country. Elizabeth named it Virginia, in memory of her maiden state, and knighted Raleigh and gave him a valuable monopoly. In 1585 he sent out an expedition of seven ships, with over a hundred emigrants, who landed on Roanoke Island. About the same time he obtained a grant of 12,000 acres of confiscated land in Ireland, and was appointed to two or three lucrative offices at court. He sent out two other expeditions, one of which carried a charter for and founded "the city of Raleigh," in 1587; but neither of them was successful in founding a permanent colony.

He met Edmund Spenser in Ireland, and afterward presented him at court, whither the poet brought three books of his "Faery Queen," but failed to secure him any valuable patronage.

He fitted out a fleet of thirteen vessels to act against the Spanish in the West Indies, and captured a few large prizes; but from this time his fortunes began to wane. The discovery of an intrigue with one of the Queen's maids-of-honor, whom he afterward married, aroused the resentment of Elizabeth, and he was imprisoned for two. months and banished from the court. In 1595, with five ships, he explored the country about the mouth of the Orinoco, and published his "Discovery of the Large, Rich, and Beautiful Empire of Guiana." In 1596 he assisted at the capture of Cadiz, and was wounded. He was restored to the royal favor, and in 1600 was sent on an embassy to the Netherlands. On his return he was made Governor of Jersey.