APPENDIX.

NOTE ON CONNECTIVES USED IN VARIOUS SENSES.

As has already been pointed out (§§ 53, 54; 63, 64, &c.), the same word is frequently used to introduce clauses of different kinds, and this is often a source of great perplexity. The following explanations, which are scattered over the preceding paragraphs, are here brought together, for the sake of reference and comparison.

1. THAT:

(a) A Conjunction; introducing substantive clauses. 251.
(b) A Relative; introducing attributive clauses. 8 61.

(c) A Conjunction; introducing adverbial clauses of manner
(so... that). 871 (3).

(d) A Conjunction; introducing adverbial clauses of cause (= in order that). 8 72 (2).

2. WHO, WHICH, &c. :—

(a) Introducing attributive clauses (explanatory). 8 59.

(b) Introducing attributive clauses (restrictive). 8 61.

(c) Introducing substantive clauses (correlative suppressed). 2 53. (d) Introducing adverbial clauses (= because he, &c.). 22 63, 72 (1).

(e) Connecting co-ordinate clauses and he, &c.). 22 64, 80 (c).

(a) Introducing adverbial clauses of time, place, &c. 22 69, 70.
(b) (When, whence), introducing adverbial clauses of cause (when
because). 8 72 (1), whence (= wherefore).

(c) Introducing attributive clauses (= at which, &c.). 8 60.

(d) Introducing substantive clauses (= the time or place at which). ? 54.

(e) Connecting co-ordinate clauses (= and then, there, &c.). § 80 (c.)

4. WHY, HOW,

&c. :

(a) Introducing attributive clauses. 8 60.
(b) Introducing substantive clauses. 8 54.

5. AS WELL AS:

(a) The correlative words as ... as, with the adverb well; like
66
as much as," as old as." Introducing
adverbial clauses of manner.

66 as little as," 66

? 71 (2).

(b) A compound_conjunction, connecting co-ordinate clauses. 8 85 (I.). E.g., compare

6. BUT:

(a) "She paints as-well, as she sings;" (complex).
(b) "She paints as-well-as sings;" (compound).

(a) Conjunction; connecting co-ordinate clauses. 8 82.

(b) Relative; introducing attributive clauses (= that not). 8 65. (c) Preposition; introducing attributive phrases (= except). 835, (II.), example.

(d) Adverb; 83 (b), example.

7. IF:

(a) Introducing abverbial clauses of condition.

72 (3).

(b) Introducing substantive clauses (= whether). 8 56.

8. As:

(a) Introducing adverbial clauses of manner. 82 71 (1, 2); also supra, 5.

(b) Introducing attributive clauses (such as). 2 59.

9. NOR :

(a) Alternative conjunction. 81 (b).

(b) Copulative conjunction (= and not). 8 80 (a), Note.

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