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ART.

XXIII.

Cæfaris de Horatiis in Archygymafio Romano Philofophiæ Profefforis, de Modo Philofophandi, Officioque Philofophi, Liber Singularis.—A par ticular Treatife concerning the Method of carrying on Philofophical Investigation, and the Duty of a Philofopher. By the Abbé CESAR ORAZI, Profeffor of Philofophy in the Roman College. 8vo. Rome. 1778.

H

ERE we have a new, ingenious, but not un-whimfical philofopher, who undertakes to put us upon a fingular fcent for the investigation of truth, and the fixing our ideas with respect to metaphyfical, phyfical, and moral certitude. According to this Author, the criterion of truth, which the philofophers have been fo long difputing about, refides neither in the rules of logic, nor in the clearness of our perceptions; nor does evidence itself deferve that appellation: where then? In order to answer this queftion, the Author tells us, that we must diftinguish the objects of an internal and intimate fenfe, or confcioufness, from those of reafon or argumentation; and, being affured, that we have real perceptions, certain in their nature, and independent on all reafoning, we must then deduce from this internal fenfe of our existence, and of the modifications of our ideas, all our reafonings concerning objects different from that existence and these ideas; and therefore confider the fout itself as the univerfal criterion of all human certitude, a direct and immediate criterion with refpect to thofe truths that belong to the internal fenfe, and an indirect one for others that are de ducible from it. We do not really think that there is any thing new in this system of investigation, but the uncouth and clumfy manner in which it is expreffed. Is it not always taught to every stripling in philofophy, that the logical analyfis carries us up to fimple propofitions, which are the objects of immediate intuition? If this be not our Author's meaning, what is it? and if it be, why render old truths obfcure by an intricate phrafeology?-What he fays of axioms is exceptionable, on account either of its obfcurity or its falfehood. He affirms, that their truth is not, properly fpeaking, immediate (i. e. as we fuppofe he means, diftinguifhed by the intuitive evidence of firft principles), but that it is afcertained by reafonings; and that, · analytically, these reasonings are not reducible to general principles, but to particular decifions of the intimate or internal fenfe. If the esteem we have for the acuteness of this Author did not prevent our treating him harfhly, we fhould be tempted to allege, that the common fenfe of Dr. Ofwald has got into his imagination, and now and then engendered there non-fenfe. Yet there are several things in this book quæ tollere velies.

ART. XXIV.

Rudimenta Lingue Cofte five #gyptiacæ, ad Ufum Collegii Urbani de propaganda Fide.-Rudiments of the Coptic or Egyptian Language, - for the Ufe of the Society de Propaganda, &c. 4:0. Paris.

THE

HE antiquity of the Coptic, which fucceeded the fymbolic and hieroglyphical language in Egypt, is abundantly afcertained, though it is not eafy to point out the particular time of its origin and introduction among the inhabitants of that country. The resemblance of its letters to thofe of the Greeks, gives a certain degree of probability to the opinion of those learned men, who fuppofe that it was introduced into Egypt by Grecian colonies its fyntaxis, however, is of a quite particular kind, and has nothing at all in common with that of the other European or Oriental languages. The ancient verfions of the holy feriptures, and the liturgies of the primitive church, render the ftudy of this language peculiarly useful and interesting. The Coptic verfion of the Old and New Teftament, is certainly anterior to Theodoret, who makes mention of it; and muft, confequently, have been compofed before the fifth century. It is, however, wanting in all the Polyglott Bibles; and we know it only by the Pentateuch, and the New Teftament, which have been published at Oxford by Dr. Wilkins. The existence of this verfion, alone, is fufficient to render the ftudy of the Coptic language interefting; and therefore the lovers of oriental learning received with pleasure the Dictionary and Grammar of that language, that have been lately published at Oxford, and which have not, and, indeed, could not well efcape the notice of the illuftrious Ecclefiaftic (RAPHAEL TUKI), to whom the public is indebted for the Coptic Grammar we here announce. This Grammar was published in the 80th year of the Author's age: we find at the end of it fome fhort remarks on the Memphitic and Thebaidic dialects, into which the Egyptian language is divided, of which the former was fpoken in the lower, and the latter in the higher Egypt. The whole is publifhed in two languages; in Latin for the ufe of the Europeans, and in Arabic for that of the Egyptians, among whom the Coptic is fallen into difufe, fince the invafion of the Saracens. The examples employed in this Grammar are taken from the versions of the Old and New Teftament in the two dialects, and they are generally followed by the correfponding pallages in the Arabic, La tin, and Greek verfions.

INDEX,

To the REMARKABLE PASSAGES in this Volume.

N. B. To find any particular Book, or Pamphlet, fee the
Table of Contents, prefixed to the Volume.

A

DULTERY, the den of, de-

fcribed, 109.
ESCHYLUS, his dramas charac-
terized, 510.
AGRICULTURE, as yet but imper-
fectly known in England, 127.
Peculiar difficulties attending the
study and improvement of, 128.
Advantages of experimental
knowledge in, 133. A period-
ical publication of improvements
in farming recommended, 135.
Benefits probably refulting from
a performance of that kind, 136.
Model for recording experi-
ments, 243. Obfervations on
Scientific agriculture, 246.
AGUE, Jumping, curious account

of, 197.
AIR, experiments relative to, 161,

273.

AMPUTATION of the extremities,

new method of performing, 493.
ANCIENS Mineralogiftes. See Go-

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BAILLY, M. his memoir concern-

ing the diminution of the length
of the year, 497.

BARK, the best remedy for the pu→
trid and ulcerous fore throat, 30.
BARTHELEMY, Abbé, his remarks
on the number of pieces that
were cuftomarily reprefented on
the fame day, on the Athenian
theatre, 527:

BASALTES of the ancients, inquiry
concerning, 499.

BATTEUX, Abbé, his memoir on
Ariftotle's poetics, 524.
On
tragedy, 525. On comedy, ib.
His comparison of Epic poetry
with tragedy and hiftory, 526.
BAUER, M. his memoirs of Wal-
lachia, 304.

BEWLY, Mr. his experiments on
pyrophori, 171.

BIBLE, Vulgate, account of a và-

luable manufcript of, 545.
BIRDS, anatomy of, memoir con-
cerning, 494. Surprizing ana-
logy between their forms and
that of the human species, 494.
BLOOD, obfervations and experi-
ments on, 341, 381.
BOEHME's acad. differtations, 60.
Books, introduction to the know-

ledge of, by M. Denis, 303.
BRAVERY diftinguished from cou-
rage, 201.
BRIDGE, remarkable one in Wales,

II.

BRIEFE uber Rufsland, &c. 58.
BUFFON, M. his extraordinary

theory of the epochas of nature,
531.
BUTLER, his Hudibras, &c. ap-
preciated, 190.
CANALS, navigable, their great

importance to a country, 387.
Defects in the English fyftem of,
and the remedy, pointed out,
388.

CAROLINA,

CAROLINA, South, extraordinary D'AzYŔ, M. Vicq, his memoir
relative to the anatomy of birds,
494.

itory of certain fanatics there,
445. Curious account of a
congrefs held there with the

Creek Indians, 448.
CATALOGUES, defcriptive and cri-
tical, of the writings of ancient
authors, their great cfe, 543.
CATECHISM of the church of
England, hiftory of, 209.
CHARLEMAGNE, obfervations on
his reign, 215-218.
CHRIST, his high character as a
preacher, 104. Critical account
of the duration of his ministry,
266. Obf. on his difcourse on
the Mount, 27c. On the tranf
actions of the day of his refur-
rection, 272.
CHURCHES, rife and progrefs of
their temporal jurifdiction, 529.
CONNOISSANCE de l'aftronomie,
223.

CONSIGLIO ad un giovane poeta,
460.
CONVERSATION, critically invefti-
gated, 47.

COPTIC language, an interefting
ftudy, 560. Rudiments of, by
whom published, ib.
CORNISH MS. account of, 282.
COTILLON, objections to the in-
troduction of that mode of dan-
cing, in England, 115.
COURAGE diftinguished from bra.
very, 201.

COURTSHIP between the fexes
investigated, 421.
COWLEY, remarks on his poetical

character, 2-7.
COYER, Abbé, his obfervations on
England, 220.

CROWN, législative power of, over
conquered countries,, difcuffed,
177.

D'ALBON, Count, his difcourfes

concerning the government of.
certain countries in Europe, 454.
D'ALEMBERT, his Eulogy of G.
Keith, Lord Marshal, &c. 299..
DAME Jenkins, her dialogue with
Eugenias concerning religion, 96.
DANCING, ftrictures on the diffe-
rent modes of, 115.

DE MALUS, M. his description
of the Mines in the Pyrenees
republished, 221.

DENIS, M. Aufschers der Garell.
Biblioth. &c. See Books.
DES ESSARTS, M. his historical
account of the tribunals of an-
cient nations, 222.
DESMAREST, M. his memoir on
the bafaltes, Part III. 498.
DESPOTISM, lefs extreme in the
Oriental parts of the globe than
generally imagined, 553-
DIALOGUE between Dame Jenkins
and Eugenius, 96.

between Sufanna and

Margaret, 97.

between John the Foot-
man and Clement, 99.

between an Englishman
and a Frenchman, concerning
royal prerogative, 174.

between a bookseller
and a Grubstreet writer, 468.
DICQUEMARE's aftronomy, new
edition, 223.
DISCOURS politiques, bifioriques,
et critiques fur quelques gouverne-
mens de l'Europe, &c. 454.

prononcé dans l'Acad.
Françoife. See Ducis.
DoнM, M. his edition of Kæmp-
fer's Japan, from the original
MS. 145.

DONNE, Dr. a metaphyfical poet,
4. Specimen, ib.
DRAMA of the most ancient Greeks
characterized, 510. Their tra-
gedy philofophically eftimated,
ib. Their comedy, 11. Their
poetry under Alexander and the
Ptolemies, 51Z. Farther ac-
counts of, 524. See alfo ARES-

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TABLE

TO THE

TITLES, AUTHORS NAMES, &c. of the Publi-
cations reviewed in this Volume.

N. B. For REMARKABLE PASSAGES, in the Extracts, fee the
INDEX, at the End of the Volume.

BRITISH PUBLICATIONS.

For the CONTENTS of the FOREIGN Articles, in the Appendix,
fee the laft Page of this Table.

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