will rather be of factious disputes about the diftribution. This danger alfo is attempted to be prevented; and, it is hoped, with fuccefs.

Some narrow-minded perfons may poffibly grudge a tax, that loads the prefent generation for the advantage of those who come after but is it rational to grudge, that others fhould benefit by measures evidently calculated for advancing our own intereft? Let us suppose, that the heritors of a shire were to concert measures in common, for improving their lands: to make good roads would be one effectual measure; for, fuppofing their reparation to coft L. 5000, their eftates would be bettered double that fum.

To conclude: it is not to be expected that any regulations concerning highways, or concerning any branch of police, can be fo framed as to please every individual. Wife men are practicable men, to use an expreffion of Lord Bacon, and will make conceffions, in order to promote a general good, if without fuch conceffions it cannot be obtained. Better far to have a good law, though, in our opinion, defective in some articles, than to have no law at all; or, which is worse, a law eminently defective, unjuft, and inexpedient.

INDEX.

In the following Index, the Roman Numerals mark the volume;
the Arabic figures the page.

A

Actions, human. See Morality.

Adultery, how punished among different nations, i. 452.
et feq.

Affection, parental, earlier in the mother than in the fa-
ther, i. 51. Note; 440.

Age, old, veneration anciently paid to, ii. 58. Note.
Agricultural state, how introduced, i. 73., and where, 74.

Its effect in stopping the migration of barbarians, 77.
Cannot take place in very cold regions, 80. Not ob-
Atructed by fuperfluity of money, 124. Progrefs of,
136. Instance of its immediately fucceeding to hunt-
ing, ii. 369.

Albuquerque, his patriotifm, ii. 143. Note.

Alcavala, a ruinous Spanish tax, ii. 239.

Aldrovandus, his prolixity, i. 252.

Allegories, remarks on, ii. 458. et feq. Nature of, 463.
Note.

America, origin and progrefs of the nations of, ii. 352.
Not peopled from the old world, 354. et feq. First pa-
rents of the people of, feparately created, 360. Where
placed, 361. Why the hunting ftate continued in,
ibid, Decrease of its native inhabitants, and why,

365. et feq. Strange political phenomena in, 369.
Account of the Mexicans, 372. et feq. Of the Perų-
vians, 381. et feq. Comparison of the Mexican and Pe-
ruvian governments, 387. et feq. Poverty of the lan-
guages of fome of the tribes in, iii. 252.

Analytics, account of the first of Aristotle, iii. 38. et seq,
Of the laft, 73. et feq.

Ancients, their ignorance of natural history, and their cre-
dulity, f. 54.

Animals claffed by Nature into different kinds, i. 3. Uti-
lity of this in enabling us to reason concerning their
habits, 4. In fitting them for different climates, 6.
Those of the torrid zone in the old world different
from thofe of the new, II. Those of the torrid zone
fierceft, 47. All graminivorous, useful for food, 72.
Remarks on the pairing, propagation, and care of the
young of, 480. et feq. Thofe of prey have no appetite
for fociety, ii. 5. What animals are focial, 6. et feq.
How they unite in tribes, 12. Provide againft danger,
13. Their fenfe of dignity, 16.; and love of liberty,

17.

Appetite, carnal, remarks on its early appearance, j. 413.
Note. Baneful effects of the hoarding, iii. 239. et feq.
Apparitions credited only in thin peopled countries, i. 153.
Note. Story of one, ii. 454,

Ariflides, eulogy of, ii. 152.

Ariftotle, his remarks on instinct, i, 489. On bees, ii. 9.
Hurtful to the progress of reason, 420. False reason-
ing of, 422, 431, 476. Remark of Alexander the
Great concerning, 475. His definition of motion and
time, 479. Account of his logic, iii. 1. et feq. Hi-
story and character of, 5. et feq. Additions made to

hiş

his theory of logic, 51. Quoted, 84. His opinion of
the trajedy of Oedipus, 247. See Syllogifm.

Army, firft ftanding, ii. 253. Effects of, 255. Objections
to, 257. et seq.

Arnobius, his argument against sacrifice, iii. 344. Quoted
350, 435.

Articles of the English creed. Forged addition to, i. 143.
Arts, origin and progrefs of the ufeful, i. 127. Rudeness
of primitive houfes, ibid.; and arms, 130. Origin
and progress of writing, 134. Of agriculture, 136.;
and other arts, 138. Slow progrefs of, 140. Exem-
plified, 144. Rife of, often owing to accident, ibid.
To national emulation, 146.; and ftruggles, 149.
Arts, Fine, have their birth in temperate regions, i. 48.
Progrefs of, 172. Rife of an extraordinary genius fa-
tal to the general pursuit of, 150, 244. Refinement at
laft fatal to, 221. et feq.; and defpotifm, 239.; and
avarice, 242.; and corruption of language, 246. Ad-
vantage of a great ftate to, ii. 101. Corrupted by the
Chriftians, iii. 408. Note.

Afia, great empires of, ii. 85. Revolutions frequent in,

106. Note.

Affaffinations frequent in the middle ages, iii. 211.
Athanafian creed, its abfurdity, iii. 326.

Athens, its bad government, iii. 219. Note.

Avarice, vices owing to, iii. 230.

Axioms, remarks on, ii. 400.

B

Bacon, ftyle of his hiftory of Henry VII. cenfured, i. 199,
201. His abfurd interpretation of the Greek fables,
ii. 464. et feq. His defence of this, 469, 470. His
improvement of logic, iii. 95. et feq. Quoted, 313.
Bank, whether favourable to commerce, i. 125.

Bankruptcy,