31 Oct., 1705. I am this day arriv'd to the 85th year of my age. Lord, teach me so to number my days to come that I may apply them to wisdom.

John Evelyn died on Feb. 27, 1706: more than the majority of men, he had all through his long life applied his days to wisdom.

FINIS

131, 138. ALPINUs, Prosper, b. 1553 at Marostica, state of Venice. 1580, followed the Consul George Ems, sent by the Republic to Egypt. The first European to see, at Cairo, and describe the coffee plant; he made better known the famous Balsamum of the Ancients. 1584, Doria, Prince of Amalfi, the Commander, appointed him Physician to the Fleet of Spain. Professor of Botany to the University of Padua, and enriched its garden with the plants brought from Egypt; d. at Padua, 1617. Chief works: De Medicina Ægyptiorum, lib. iv.; De Balsamo Dialogus ; De Plantis Egyptii ; De Plantis Exoticis. (Biog. Univers.)

129. ANGUILLARA, ALUIGI. Date and place of birth uncertain; travelled over the whole of Italy, Dalmatia, Illyria, Slavonia, Macedonia, Greece, Cyprus, Crete and Corfu. He botanised round Bologna in 1539, Pisa 1544 and 1545, and was a friend or pupil of Luca Ghini, whom he calls "Maestro" (see Biog. Universelle, tom. ii., art, by Du Petit Thouars). Author of Semplici, edited by Giovanni Marinello - Vinegia, Vincenzo Valgrisi, 1561-a Latin translation with notes, by C. Bauhin. Basle, 1593.

89. BAUHIN, CASPAR, b. at Basle 1550, d. 1624, studied under Fuchs; collected plants in Switzerland, Italy and France; Professor at Basle, 1580 Greek, 1589 Botany (see Haller and Sprengel). Works: Pinax and Prodromus Theatri Botanici (1620): fully distinguishes between Species and Genus; the description of a single species is developed into an art and becomes a diagnosis (Sachs). His Herbarium is still preserved at Basle (Meyer, iv. 267). Linnæus gave name Bauhinia to genus of Leguminosa. Conrad Gesner's letters to Bauhin were edited by the latter. Basilex, 1594. 8vo. Bauhin, Johann, b. at Basle 1541, studied medicine

under father, a Protestant exile from France; travelled in Italy, Alps and south of France collecting Historia Plantarum, published 1650, 37 years after his death (3 vols., fol.), describes 5,000 plants in 40 classes-the first attempt at Systematic Botany (Sachs).

147. BUXTORFIUS, JOHANNES, b. 1564 in Westphalia; Orientalist; Professor of Hebrew and Chaldaic at Basle, where he died 1629. Works: Lexicon Chaldaicum Thalmudicum et Rabbinicum; Hebrew Bible with Rabbl. and Chalde. Paraphrases; Via Massora; Hebrew and Chalde. Dicty, and H. Grammar; Synagoga Judaica (Colln. of Modes and Ceremonies), Biblioth. Rabbinica, &c.

180. CAMERARIUS, RUDOLF JACOB, b. at Tübingen, 16651721. 1685, travelled two years over Europe; "the true discoverer of sexuality in plants" (Sachs). 1688, Professor and Director of Botanic Garden in Tübingen. 1695, succeeded his father as First Professor of University. Author of De Sexu Plantarum Epistola (1694), R. J. Camerarii opuscula Botanici Argumenti, J. C. Mikan, ed. Prague, 1797.

141. Cesalpino, Andrea (Cæsalpinus), b. at Arezzo 1519, d. 1603. First physician to Clement VIII.; pupil of Ghini and Professor at Pisa. Works: Speculum artis medica Hippocraticum; De Plantis Libri xvi., Florence 1583, 4to.; De Metallicis, libri tres, Rome, 1596, 4to.; Praxis universis medicine; Questionum peripateticarum Libri quinque, Venice, 1596, 4to. Cesalpino's first book, De Plantis, “contains a full and connected exposition of the whole of Theoretical Botany. ... The Doctrine of Metamorphosis appears in a more consistent and necessary form in Cesalpino than in the Botanists of the 19th Century before Darwin " (Sachs's Hist. of Bot.).

183. CLUSIUS, Carolus (Charles De l'Escluse), b. at Arras,

Flanders, 1526; lived chiefly in Germany and Netherlands to avoid religious persecution. 1573, invited by Maxn. II. to Vienna and made superintendent of Royal Gardens. 1593, Professor at Leyden, where he died (1609), 84 years old. Translated Dodonæus's Cruydeboeck into French 1557. 1563-4, travelled with Graf Fugger in France, Belgium, Spain and Portugal. 1571, visited London; a friend of Drake. "None of his predecessors or contemporaries has more enriched Botany with new discoveries " (Meyer, iv.). Works:

1. Caroli Clusii Atrebatis variorum aliquot stirpium per Hispanias observatarum Historia. Antwerp. Plantin, 1576. 8vo. 299 Woodcuts.

2. Rariorum aliquot; Stirpium per Paunoniam Austriam . . Historia, IV. Books, Antwerp, Christ. Plantin, 1583. 8vo. 364 Woodcuts.

3. Kariarum Plantarum Historia. Antwerp. Moretus, 1601. Folio.

4. Exoticorum Libri Decem. Ex off. Plant. 1605, folio. 5. Curae Posteriores. 1611. 4to.

129. CORDUS, EURICIUS, b. 1486 in Hess (father of Valerius Cordus, b. 1515); correspondent of Erasmus; studied Medicine at Ferrara, 1527; became Professor of Med. at Marburg; translated Alexipharmaka and Theriaka of Nikandros into Latin verse, and wrote his book in German on Theriak, 1532; his Botanilogicon, published at Cologne in 1534; d. 1538 at Bremen (Meyer).

CORDUS, VALERIUS, b. 1515; studied at Wittenberg 1535; his "Dispensatorium Pharmacorum Omnium" at Nüremberg. 1542, visited Padua, Ferrara and Bologna. Caught fever and died at Rome 1544, æt. 29. Works: “Annota-: tiones ad Dioscoridem," published 5 years after his death, as appendix to the translation of Ruellius. Frankfort,

Christ. Egenolph, 1549, fol. 2nd edition, with Historia Stirpium (Lib. III.), Sylva, De Artificiosis Extractionibus and Compositiones medicinales (the same volume also contained Conrad Gesner's De Hortis Germaniæ, he editing the work); Argentorati (Strasburg), Jos. Rihelius, 1561. Fol. (2nd ed., 1563).

98, 144. CURTIUS, BENEDICTUS SYMPHORIANUS, author of Hortorum Libri xxx. Lugduni, 1560. Folio.

143. Diodati, GIOVANNI, b. Lucca, c. 1576. Protestant, at age of 21 Professor of Hebrew at Geneva and (1619) represented Clergy of Geneva at Synod of Dort; appointed one of six to draw up Belgic Confession of Faith; translated Bible into Italian and French, and Father Paul's History of Council of Trent into French; d. 1649 at Geneva.

89, 120, etc. DIOSCORIDES, PEDACIUS (or Pedanius), Greek writer on Materia Medica, b. at Anazarbus in Cicilia, and lived in reign of Nero. Travelled in Greece, Italy, Asia Minor and Gaul, and collected plants and information (especially as to Indian medical plants), from which he compiled his work on "Materia Medica" in 5 books, in which 500 to 600 plants are described. For sixteen centuries (to beginning of 17th century) this work was the authority on Botany and the Virtues of Plants; most celebrated MS. of Dioscorides, the "Cantacuzene Codex" (quoted by Mathiolus), is at Vienna, some of figures inserted by Dodoens in Historia Stirpium, an MS. of 9th century in Paris, used by Salmasius, has Arabic and Coptic names. Edit. Princeps, published by Aldus, Venice, 1499, fol. Paris, 1549, 8vo. Frankfurt, 1598, fol. Almost every herbalist and botanist of note, especially Mathiolus, has made commentaries upon Dioscorides. Last edition of Greek text by Sprengel (Leipsic, Kühn, 1899, 8vo.), also