ΑΝΝΩΝΟΣ

ΚΑΡΧΗΔΟΝΙΩΝ ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ

ΠΕΡΙΠΛΟΥΣ,

ΤΩΝ ὑπὲρ τὰς Ἡρακλέους στήλας Λιβυκῶν τῆς γῆς μερῶν, ὃν καὶ ἀνέθηκεν ἐν τῷ τοῦ Κρονοῦ * τεμένει, δηλοῦντα τάδε.

Εδοξεν Καρχηδονίοις, Αν νωνα πλεῖν ἔξω στηλῶν Ἡρακλείων, καὶ πόλεις κτίζειν Λιβυφοινίκων. καὶ ἔπλευσεν, πεντηκοντόρους ἑξήκοντα ἄγων, καὶ πλῆθος ἀνδρῶν καὶ γυναικῶν, εἰς ἀριθμὸν μυριάδων τριῶν, καὶ σιτά, καὶ τὴν ἄλλην παρασκευήν.

Ὡς δ ̓ ἀναχθέντες, τὰς στήλας παρημείψαμεν, καὶ ἔξω πλοῦν δυοῖν ἡμερῶν ἐπλεύσαμεν, ἐκτίσαμεν πρώτην πό

THE VOYAGE

OF HANNO, COMMANDER OF THE CARTHAGINIANS,

ROUND the parts of Libya which lie beyond the Pillars of Hercules, which he deposited in the temple of Saturn.

It was decreed by the Carthaginians that Hanno should undertake a voyage beyond the Pillars of Hercules, and found Libyphonician cities. He sailed accordingly with sixty ships of fifty oars each, and a body of men and women to the number of thirty thousand, and provisions and other necessaries.

When we had passed the Pillars on our voyage, and had sailed beyond them for two days, we founded the first city, which we named Thymia

*

λιν, ἥντινα ὠνομάσαμεν Θυ μιατήριον πεδίον δ' αὐτῇ μέγα ὑπῆν· κάπειτα πρὸς ἐσπέραν ἀναχθέντες, ἐπὶ Σολόεντα Λιβυκὶν ἀκρωτήριον, λάσιον δένδρεσι συνήλθομεν, ἔνθα Ποσειδῶνος ἱερὸν ἱδρυσάμενοι, πάλιν ἐπέβημεν πρὸς ἥλιον ἀνίσχοντα ἡμέρας ἥμισυ, ἄχρι ἐκομίσθημεν εἰς λίμνην οὐ πόῤῥω τῆς θαλάττης κειμένην, καλάμου μεστὴν πολλοῦ καὶ μεγάλου. ἐνῆσαν δὲ καὶ ἐλέφαντες, καὶ τἄλλα θηρία νεμόμενα πάμπολλα.

Τήν τε λίμνην παραλλάξαντες ὅσον ἡμέρας πλοῦν, και τῳκήσαμεν † πόλεις πρὸς τῇ θαλάττη καλουμένας, Καρικόν τε τεῖχος, καὶ Γύττην, καὶ Ακραν, καὶ Μέλιτταν, καὶ *Αραμβιν. κακεῖθεν δ' ἀναχθέντες, ἤλθομεν ἐπί μέγαν που ταμὸν Λίξον, ἀπὸ τῆς Λιβύης ῥέοντα. παρὰ δ ̓ αὐτὸν, Νομάδες ἄνθρωποι Λιξίται. βοσκήματ ̓ ἔνεμον, παρ' οἷς ἐμείναμεν ἄχρι τινὸς, φίλοι γενόμενοι. Τούτων δὲ καθ ̓ ὕπερθεν, Α'θίοπες ᾤκουν ἄξενοι, γῆν νεμόμενοι θηριώδη διειλημμένην ὄρεσι μεγάλοις, ἐξ ὧν ῥεῖν φασὶ

ων

Having passed the lake about a day's sail, we founded cities near the sea, called Cariconticos, and Gytte, and Acra, and Melitta, and Arambys. Thence we came to the great river Lixus, which flows from Libya. On its banks the Lixitæ, a shepherd tribe, were feeding flocks, amongst whom we continued some time on friendly terms. Beyond the Lixitæ dwelt the inhospitable Ethiopians, who pasture a wild country intersected by large mountains, from which they say the river Lixus flows. In the neighbourhood of the mountains lived the Troglodytæ, men of various appearances, whom the Lixitæ de

τὸν Λίξον. περὶ δὲ τὰ ὄρη, και τοικεῖν ἀνθρώπους ἀλλοιομόρφους Τρωγλοδύτας· οὓς ταχυτέρους ἵππων ἐν δρόμοις ἔφραζον οἱ Λιξίται.

Λαβόντες δὲ παρ' αὐτῶν ἑρμηνέας παρεπλέομεν τὴν ἐρημὴν πρὸς μεσημβρίαν, δύο ἡμέρας. ἐκεῖθεν δὲ πάλιν πρὸς ἥλιον ἀνίσχοντα, ἡμέρας δρόμου. ἔνθα εὕρομεν ἐν μυχῷ τινος κόλπου, νῆσον μικρὰν, κύκλον ἔχουσαν σταδίων πέντε ἢν κατῳκήσαμεν,* Κέρνην ὀνομάσαντες. ἐτεκμαιρόμεθα δ' αὐτὴν ἐκ τοῦ περίπλου, κατ ̓ εὐθὺ κεῖσθαι Καρχηδόνος. ἔρκει γὰρ ὁ πλοῦς, ἔκ τε Καρχηδότις, ἐπὶ στήλας, κακεῖθεν ἐπί Κέρνην.

ων

Τοὐντεῦθεν εἰς λίμνην ἀφικόμεθα, διά τινος ποταμοῦ μεγάλου διαπλεύσαντες, Χρέτης. εἶχεν δὲ νήσους ἡ λίμνη τρεῖς, μείζους τῆς Κέρνης. ἀφ ̓ ὧν ἡμερήσιον πλοῦν κατανύσαντες, εἰς τὴν μυχὸν τῆς λίμνης ἤλθομεν. ὑπὲρ τὴν ὄρη μέγιστα ὑπερέτεινεν, μετὰ † ἀνθρώπων ἀγρίων, δέρματα θήρεια ἐνημμένων, οι πέτροις βάλλοντες, ἀπήραξαν ἡμᾶς, κωλύοντες ἐκβῆναι. ἐκεῖθεν πλέοντες, εἰς ἕτερον ἤλθομεν ποταμὸν μέγαν

scribed as swifter in running than horses.

Having procured interpreters from them we coasted along a desert country towards the south two days. Thence we proceeded towards the east the course of a day. Here we found in a recess of a certain bay a small island, containing a circle of five stadia, where we settled a colony, and called it Cerne. We judged from our voyage that this place lay in a direct line with Carthage; for the length of our voyage from Carthage to the Pillars, was equal to that from the Pillars to Cerne.

We then came to a lake which we reached by sailing up a large river called Chretes. This lake had three islands, larger than Cerne; from which proceeding a day's sail, we came to the extremity of the lake, that was overhung by large mountains, inhabited by savage men, clothed in skins of wild beasts, who drove us away by throwing stones, and hindered us from landing. Sailing thence we came to another river, that was large and broad, and full of crocodiles, and river horses, whence

+ μιστά Gesn.

καὶ πλατὺν, γέμοντα κροκοδείλων καὶ ἵππων ποταμίων. ὅθεν δὴ πάλιν ἀποτρέψαντες, εἰς Κέρνην ἐπανήλθομεν.

Ἐκεῖθεν δὲ ἐπὶ μεσημβρίας ἐπλεύσαμεν δώδεκα ἡμέρας, τὴν γῆν παραλεγόμενοι. ἣν πᾶσαν κατῴκουν Αιθίοπες, φεύγοντες ἡμᾶς, καὶ οὐχ ὑπομένοντες· ἀσύνετα δ' ἐφθέγγοντο, καὶ τοῖς μεθ' ἡμῶν Αιξίταις. τῇ δ ̓ οὖν τελευταίᾳ ἡμέρᾳ, προσωρμίσθημεν ὄρεσι μεγάλαις δασέσιν. ἦν δὲ τὰ τῶν δένδρων ξύλα εὐώδη τὲ καὶ ποικίλα. περιπλεύσαντες δὲ ταῦτα ἡμέρας δύο, γινόμεθα ἐν θαλάττης χάσματι ἀμετρήτῳ, ἧς ἐπὶ θάτερα πρὸς τῇ γῇ, πεδίον ἦν, ὅθεν νυκτὶς ἀφεωρῶμεν, πῦρ ἀναφερόμενον πανταχόθεν κατ' ἀποστάσεις, τὸ μὲν πλέον, τὸ δ ̓ ἔλαττον. Υδρευσάμενοι δ ̓ ἐκεῖθεν, ἐπλέομεν εἰς τοὔμπροσθεν ἡμέπέντε παρὰ γῆν, ἄχρι ἤλθομεν εἰς μέγαν κόλπον, ὃν ἔφασαν οἱ ἑρμηνέες καλεῖσθαι, Ἑσπέρου Κέρας. ἐν δὲ τούτῳ, νῆσος ἦν μεγάλη, καὶ ἐν τῇ νήσῳ, λίμνη θαλασσώδης, ἐν δὲ ταύτῃ νῆσος ἑτέρα, εἰς ἣν ἀποβάντες, ἡμέρας μὲν, οὐδὲν ἀφεωρῶμεν, ὅτι μὴ ὕλην νυκτὸς δὲ, πυρά τε πολλὰ καιόμενα, καὶ φωνὴν αὐλῶν ἠκιύομεν,

ρας

returning back we came again to Cerne.

Thence we sailed towards the south twelve days, coasting the shore, the whole of which is inhabited by Ethiopians, who would not wait our approach but fed from us. Their language was not intelligible even to the Lixitæ, who were with us. Τοwards the last day we approached some large mountains covered with trees, the wood of which was sweetscented and variegated. Having sailed by these mountains for two days we came to an immense opening of the sea; on each side of which towards the continent, was a plain; from which we saw by night fire arising at intervals in all directions, either more or less.

Having taken in water there, we sailed forwards five days near the land, until we came to a large bay which our interpreters informed us was called the Western Horn. In this was a large island, and in the island a salt-water lake, and in this another island, where, when we had landed, we could discover nothing in the day-time except trees ; but in the night we saw many fres burning, and heard the sound of pipes, cymbals, drums, and confused shouts. We