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The Law is read, interpreted, and observed.

1 And all the people gathered themselves together as one man into the street that was before the water gate; and they spake unto Ezra the scribe to bring the book of the law of Moses, which the LORD had commanded to Israel.

2 And Ezra the priest brought the law before the congregation both of men and women, and all that could hear with understanding, upon the first day of the seventh month.

3 And he read therein before the street that was before the water gate from the morning until midday, before the men and the women, and those that could understand; and the ears of all the people were attentive unto the book of the law.

4 And Ezra the scribe stood upon a pulpit of wood, which they had made for the purpose; and beside him stood Mattithiah, and Shema, and Anaiah, and Urijah, and Hilkiah, and Maaseiah, on his right hand; and on his left hand, Pedaiah, and Mishael, and Malchiah, and Hashum, and Hashbadana, Zechariah, and Meshullam.

5 And Ezra opened the book in the sight of all the people; (for he was above all the people;) and when he opened it, all the people stood up:

6 And Ezra blessed the LORD, the great God. And all the people answered, Amen, Amen, with lifting up their hands: and they bowed their heads, and worshipped the LORD with their faces to the ground.

7 Also Jeshua, and Bani, and Sherebiah, Jamin, Akkub, Shab

bethai, Hodijah, Maaseiah, Kelita, Azariah, Jozabad, Hanan, Pelaiah, and the Levites, caused the people to understand the law: and the people stood in their place.

8 So they read in the book in the law of God distinctly, and gave the sense, and caused them to understand the reading.

9 And Nehemiah, which is the Tirshatha, and Ezra the priest the scribe, and the Levites that taught the people, said unto all the people, This day is holy unto the LORD your God; mourn not, nor weep. For all the people wept, when they heard the words of the law.

10 Then he said unto them, Go your way, eat the fat, and drink the sweet, and send portions unto them for whom nothing is prepared: for this day is holy unto our Lord: neither be ye sorry: for the joy of the LORD is your strength.

11 So the Levites stilled all the people, saying, Hold your peace, for the day is holy; neither be ye grieved.

12 And all the people went their way to eat, and to drink, and to send portions, and to make great mirth, because they had understood the words that were declared unto them.

13 And on the second day were gathered together the chief of the fathers of all the people, the priests, and the Levites, unto Ezra the scribe, even to understand the words of the law.

14 And they found written in the law which the LORD had commanded by Moses, that the children of Israel should dwell

15 And that they should publish and proclaim in all their cities, and in Jerusalem, saying, Go forth unto the mount, and fetch olive branches, and pine branches, and myrtle branches, and palm branches, and branches of thick trees, to make booths, as it is written.

in booths in the feast of the street of the water gate, and in seventh month: the street of the gate of Ephraim. 17 And all the congregation of them that were come again out of the captivity made booths, and sat under the booths: for since the days of Jeshua the son of Nun unto that day had not the children of Israel done so. And there was very great gladness. 18 Also day by day, from the first day unto the last day, he read in the book of the law of God. And they kept the feast seven days; and on the eighth day was a solemn assembly, according unto the manner. LECTURE 740.

16 So the people went forth, and brought them, and made themselves booths, every one upon the roof of his house, and in their courts, and in the courts of the house of God, and in the

The fruit of preaching the Gospel more extensively.

In all the time of the prosperity of Jerusalem, when do we meet with evidence of such entire devotion on the part of the people, as in this season of their low estate? Behold they gather themselves together as one man, and call upon Ezra to bring forth God's word and read to them. They listen attentively from morning to midday, as many as are old enough to hear with understanding. They stand up when the book is opened, and upon Ezra's blessing God, they cry, "Amen, Amen," and lift up their hands, and bow their heads, and worship. When the word read is carefully explained to them, they weep under conviction of their manifold transgressions. When they are reminded that "the joy of the Lord is their strength," and exhorted to go and celebrate his goodness by feasting on the portions of their sacrifices, they "make great mirth, because they had understood the words that were declared unto them." And they keep the feast according to all the directions of the Law, with a degree of faithfulness which had not been observed "since the days of Jeshua the son of Nun." See herein the blessed fruit of faithfully preaching the word of God! See the fruit of listening to it attentively when preached faithfully! See a just representation of what preaching ought to be, namely, causing men to understand God's word, and moving them thereby to weep for their transgressions, and also to rejoice in the assurance of God's mercy, through the sacrifice of the death of Christ! If the preaching of the Law could so move the affections, what may not be expected from the preaching of the Gospel? What devotion of heart and reformation of life might we not justly look for, if by a due increase of ministers and churches, all the people of the land could be gathered together as one man to hear the word of the Lord!

A fast is kept; with confession of sin. 1 Now in the twenty and fourth day of this month the children of Israel were assembled with fasting, and with sackclothes, and earth upon them.

2 And the seed of Israel separated themselves from all strangers, and stood and confessed their sins, and the iniquities of their fathers.

3 And they stood up in their place, and read in the book of the law of the LORD their God one fourth part of the day; and another fourth part they confessed, and worshipped the LORD their God.

4 Then stood up upon the stairs, of the Levites, Jeshua, and Bani, Kadmiel, Shebaniah, Buni, Sherebiah, Bani, and Chenani, and cried with a loud voice unto the LORD their God.

5 Then the Levites, Jeshua, and Kadmiel, Bani, Hashabniah, Sherebiah, Hodijah, Shebaniah, and Pethahiah, said, Stand up and bless the LORD your God for ever and ever: and blessed be thy glorious name, which is exalted above all blessing and praise.

6 Thou, even thou, art LORD alone; thou hast made heaven, the heaven of heavens, with all their host, the earth, and all things that are therein, the seas, and all that is therein, and thou preservest them all; and the host of heaven worshippeth thee. 7 Thou art the LORD the God. who didst choose Abram, and broughtest him forth out of Ur of the Chaldees, and gavest him the name of Abraham;

8 And foundest his heart faithful before thee, and madest a covenant with him to give the

land of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, and the Perizzites, and the Jebusites, and the Girgashites, to give it, I say, to his seed, and hast performed thy words; for thou art righteous:

9 And didst see the affliction of our fathers in Egypt, and heardest their cry by the Red sea;

10 And shewedst signs and wonders upon Pharaoh, and on all his servants, and on all the people of his land: for thou knewest that they dealt proudly against them. So didst thou get thee a name, as it is this day.

11 And thou didst divide the sea before them, so that they went through the midst of the sea on the dry land; and their persecutors thou threwest into the deeps, as a stone into the mighty waters.

12 Moreover thou leddest them in the day by a cloudy pillar; and in the night by a pillar of fire, to give them light in the way wherein they should go.

13 Thou camest down also upon mount Sinai, and spakest with them from heaven, and gavest them right judgments, and true laws, good statutes and com-. mandments:

14 And madest known unto them thy holy sabbath, and commandedst them precepts,statutes, and laws, by the hand of Moses thy servant:

15 And gavest them bread from heaven for their hunger, and broughtest forth water for them out of the rock for their thirst, and promisedst them that they should go in to possess the land which thou hadst sworn to

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wrought great provocations;
19 Yet thou in thy manifold
mercies forsookest them not in
the wilderness: the pillar of the
cloud departed not from them
by day, to lead them in the way;
neither the pillar of fire by night,
to shew them light, and the way
wherein they should go.

20 Thou gavest also thy good spirit to instruct them, and withheldest not thy manna from their mouth, and gavest them water for their thirst.

17 And refused to obey, neither were mindful of thy wonders that thou didst among them; but hardened their necks, and in their rebellion appointed a captain to return to their bondage; but thou art a God ready to pardon, gracious and merciful, slow to anger, and of great kindness, and forsookest them not. 21 Yea, forty years didst thou 18 Yea, when they had made sustain them in the wilderness, them a molten calf, and said, so that they lacked nothing; This is thy God that brought their clothes waxed not old, and thee up out of Egypt, and had their feet swelled not. LECTURE 741.

Of entering into particulars in our devotions.

The solemn fast which is here described, appears to have been appointed by Nehemiah and Ezra for the greater edification of the people, whilst they were yet under the religious impressions, which arose from celebrating the feast of tabernacles. Such an appointment forms an ample precedent for Christian rulers, whether in church or state, to appoint days either of fasting or of thanksgiving, on suitable occasions. For that which was good under the Old Testament, and is nowhere forbidden in the New, though it be not of necessity binding upon Christians, is usually, to say the least, meet for their imitation.

On this fast day, the Levites called upon the people to make a national commemoration of God's great benefits bestowed upon the Israelites, and a humble confession of the unthankfulness with which these benefits had been requited. And in doing so they went into particulars; setting us an example of much use, both in our confessions, and in our thanksgivings, that we ought not to content ourselves with general expressions, but to make mention of our sins, and of God's mercies, one by one in particular. Do we not wish each single sin to be forgiven? Let us then confess each separately. Do we not enjoy each good thing that God is pleased to give us, and as many as He gives us, with its own measure of enjoyment? Let us then make thankful acknowledgement for each. And whilst we are of necessity confined in our public services to expressions which may be suitable to all, let us endeavour, in our private devotions, to confess each sin that we commit, and to pray for each grace that we require, and to give thanks for each blessing that we receive.

PART IV. O. T.

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The Levites conclude their address to God.

22 Moreover thou gavest them kingdoms and nations, and didst divide them into corners: so they possessed the land of Sihon, and the land of the king of Heshbon, and the landof Og king of Bashan. 23 Their children also multipliedst thou as the stars of heaven,and broughtest them into the land, concerning which thou hadst promised to their fathers, that they should go in to possess it. 24 So the children went in and possessed the land, and thou subduedst before them the inhabitants of the land, the Canaanites, and gavest them into their hands, with their kings, and the people of the land, that they might do with them as they would.

25 And they took strong cities, and a fat land, and possessed houses full of all goods, wells digged, vineyards, and oliveyards, and fruit trees in abundance: so they did eat, and were filled, and became fat, and delighted themselves in thy great goodness.

26 Nevertheless they were disobedient, and rebelled against thee, and cast thy law behind their backs, and slew thy prophets which testified against them to turn them to thee, and they wrought great provocations. 27 Therefore thou deliveredst them into the hand of their enemies, who vexed them and in the time of their trouble, when they cried unto thee, thou heardest them from heaven; and according to thy manifold mercies thou gavest them saviours, who saved them out of the hand of their enemies.

28 But after they had rest, they did evil again before thee:

therefore leftest thou them in the hand of their enemies, so that they had the dominion over them; yet when they returned, and cried unto thee, thou heardest them from heaven; and many times didst thou deliver them according to thy mercies;

29 And testifiedst against them, that thou mightest bring them again unto thy law: yet they dealt proudly, and hearkened not unto thy commandments, but sinned against thy judgments, (which if a man do, he shall live in them;) and withdrew the shoulder, and hardened their neck, and would not hear.

30 Yet many years didst thou forbear them, and testifiedst against them by thy spirit in thy prophets: yet would they not give ear: therefore gavest thou them into the hand of the people of the lands.

31 Nevertheless for thy great mercies' sake thou didst not utterly consume them, nor forsake them; for thou art a gracious and merciful God.

32 Now therefore, our God, the great, the mighty, and the terrible God, who keepest covenant and mercy, let not all the trouble seem little before thee, that hath come upon us, on our kings, on our princes, and on our priests, and on our prophets, and on our fathers, and on all thy people, since the time of the kings of Assyria unto this day.

33 Howbeit thou art just in all that is brought upon us; for thou hast done right, but we have done wickedly:

34 Neither have our kings, our princes, our priests, nor our fa

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