1 will embrace this opportunity of mentioning a moft daring mifre prefentation of Mr. de Voltaire, which, as far as I remember, is omitted by the ingenious author of "Lettres de quelques Juifs."Speakng, as he frequently does, with the greatest contempt of the Jews, he derides the opinion of those who maintain, that the unity of God was known to the Jews only; and fays that the Heathen worshipped one God, namely, Jupiter. "This doctrine, fays he, concerning the unity of God, was taught in the Eleufinian myfteries; which myfteries Virgil has admirably defcribed; and introduced one Phlegyas crying out in the infernal manfions,

"Soyez juftes, mortels, et ne craignez qu'un Dieu."

Such is M. de Voltaire's translation of a line, which is familiar to every school-boy;

Difcite juftitiam moniti, et non temnere Divos :

He quotes a line, which afferts a plurality of Gods, and tranflates it in fuch a manner, as from that very affertion to maintain the unity." P. 18.

The following conjecture is ingenious and probable.

"Chronicles, iv. 16. The pots alfo, and the fhovels, and the flesh-hooks, and all their inftruments, did Huram his father make to king Solomon." But whofe father was Huram? not Solomon's; and yet there is no one else to whom his father can refer. But here the feventy come in aid; where we read, Εποίησε Χιράμ, καὶ ἀνήνεγε τῷ βασιλεῖ Σαλωμών. "Hiram made, and brought to king Solomon." Whence we may pronounce certainly, that what is now wax, his father, was originally, x, and brought." P. 84.

This also seems remarkably happy.

עלי הבת ריבון that Ifaiah wrote

"Ifaiah xv. 2. "He is gone up to Baith, and to Dibon, the high places, to weep." Bifhop Lowth," to Beth-dibon." But there is no fuch place as Beth-dibon mentioned in Scripture. And where is Baith? Dibon lay in the plain, as appears from chap. xlviii. The Chaldee and Syriac rightly omit before Dibon; therefore I believe "Go up, O daughter of Dibon, to the high places to weep." While the enemy was wafting the plain, the Prophet directs the women to afcend the hills, and weep. What particularly induces me to believe that it was written originally "O daughter of Dibon," is, that in Jeremiah xlviii. 22. we read non, daughter, of Dibon." P. 182.

There seems to be little room for doubt, that this must be right. The following remark on Proverbs may perhaps excite a fmile, yet is probable.

"Prov. xviii. 22. "Whofo findeth a wife, findeth a good

thing."

thing."-Generally fo, but not always. Add therefore, upon the. authority of the ancient verfions," a good wife." P. 161.

In the famous verfe of Job, so often quoted, "Man is born unto trouble as the fparks fly upwards," chap. v. 6. Dr. Roberts contends that the reafoning of Eliphaz, who fpeak s, requires it to be, "Man is not born," &c. but here we think the learned obferver altogether mistaken. The fenfe feems plainly to be" though affliction does not fpring up fpontaneoufly, without a caufe, yet ftill it is a thing perfectly natural to man." In fuch a variety of obfervations, it is probable that fome may be liable to objection; nor can we undertake the full discussion of a work so multifarious. What we have produced will convince the reader that Mr. Roberts performed a wife as well as a filial act, when he gave thefe papers of his father for publication.

ART. XII. Rapport fait par Saint-Fuft, au Comité du Salut Public, &c.-Report made by Saint-Fuft to the Committee of Public Safety at Paris, in the Month of May, 1794, relative to the Expences incurred by the Neutral Powers. 8vo. PP. 45. Imported by De Boffe, Gerard-street.

WE E find, from an advertisement prefixed to this publication, that it originally appeared, in detached parts, in the Courier du Bas-Rhin, whence it was extracted by the anonymous editor, who juftly conceiving it to be highly interesting to the public, reduced it to its prefent form.

Saint-Juft, the author of this Report, who, before the abolition of titles in France, was diftinguifhed by the appeltion of Marquis de Fontvielle, was the friend and coadjutor of Roberfpierre, with whom he fuffered at the commencement of the laft Summer; and we understand, that the publication of the Report in queftion, previously to any communication of it to the Convention, greatly contributed to accelerate his destruction. The Convention, indeed, might well be enraged at an expofure of their conduct, which proves, beyond the reach of confutation, that their principles and profeffions were at direct variance, and that the fyftem of corruption which they openly reprobated, they privately pursued.

+ In MS. 172. three or four letters have been erafed after the word ; no doubt the word stood there originally.

It

It proves alfo, what many have hitherto affected to difbelieve, that the French Republicans have been invariably stu'dious to extend the influence of their principles, and to overthrow every exifting Government in Europe. This last point it is material to eftablish, inasmuch as it affords a complete juftification of the meafures adopted by the different powers who have taken up arms against France, for checking the deftructive progrefs of Callic anarchy.

After obferving that the prefent is a general war-Une guerre cofmopolite-that the whole world is interefted in its fuccefs, and in its difafters, Saint-Juft proceeds thus:

"We have rendered our caufe a general caufe; we have enlightened the principles of nations; the eyes of all men are fixed upon us. Nothing now remains for the events of the war to decide, but the extent of its confequences. Thus, in this fruggle between the freedom of mankind and the tyranny of Sovereigns, the event will either emanipate the world, or rivet its chains for ever.

"No ftate in Europe, no not one, is governed by our principles; they are all swayed, more or lefs, by ancient prejudices. The purity of our principles admits of no compact with tyranny, no union with error; but our triumphs will produce the deftruction of both. In this ftate of things, then, can you for a moment seriously believe that among the old inftitutions by which the nations of Europe are now governed, there is a fingle one fincerely attached to our principles ?— No, it is impoffible; and, according to our principles, there is not one free flate in all Europe. Do you then, feriouily believe, that there exifts a ftate, confidering how many perfons your principles will defpoil of the authority which they have jured, that can be attached to your principles-Moft certainly not. They are cherished by individuals.French freedom has temples in many hearts, but the has not one, nor will fhe ever have, in the cabinets of Minifters, nor in the Senates of any modern Republic."

It is well known, that in the new Republican Vocabulary of France, Tyrant and King are fynonymous terms, and that Tyranny and Error are always confidered by the French, and their adherents, as the diftinguishing features of all exifting establishments. The avowed object of their triumphs, then, is the fubverfion of every fettled Government. They pofitively deny the exiftence of freedom in any nation except their own, and declare their intention to promote the establishment of freedom throughout Europe-or fometimes, to emancipate the world. Surely thefe expreffions from a man poliffing the means of information which Saint-Juft poffeffed, and holding the ftation which he held, will not admit of an equivocal interpretation. In another place, however, he is til more explicit; adverting to the confiderable fums which had

been

been expended at Genoa, he obferves, that the object of this expence was two-fold-firit, to procure a fupply of corn and provifions, and next,

"To gain partizans, by the means of fubfidies, to fow the feeds of Liberty; to produce a Revolution which fhould bring over Genoa to our principles, and her money to our treafury, which fhould confequently open to our armies one of the gates of Italy; fostering in filence this Revolution, that at the moment appointed for a general explofion throughout Europe, the partizans of Ariftocracy might be ftrangled by the arms of a new Hercules, whofe cradle they should scarcely have perceived."

We are afterwards told, that fifteen hundred thousand livres (upwards of 62,cool. fterling) was expended at Genoa in one week, with a view to convert the Ducal Crown into a Cap of Liberty.

The French Minifters, and particularly their Envoys to Foreign States, are reprefented as fo many rapacious monfters, who were anxious to increafe the public expences, in order to profit by the moncy entrusted to their care and difpofal. He accufes them of having expended immenfe fums in bribing different powers to the obfervance of a neutrality, which, in his opinion, intereft or policy muft, without any foreign ftimulus, have induced them to adopt. But one part of their conduct indifputably merits more fevere reprobation. than any which Saint-Juft has paffed upon it--we allude to their fcandalous perfecution of the unhappy Emigrants.

What! thirty thoufand livres expended for the purpose of procuring the expulfion from fome obfcure fpot of that obfcure country (Switzerland) of a fcore of wretched Emigrants, preffed by hunger, expected by the guillotine, and poflefling no other property in the world than a night-cap? Of what confequence was it to the Republic, that this night-cap, and the contemptible head which it covered, should be removed for concealment from Bafil to Friburg, from Laufanne to Soleure? Does the fate of Liberty then depend on the fate of thefe flaves? Muft we purchafe rags at fuch a high price? And, becaufe wretches, anxious to convert every thing into money, with to fell us the objects of our profcriptions, who have taken refuge in their country, ought we to fanction the impofition of a mad, ridiculous, infulting price on this miferable fpecies of merchandize?"

We know not which deferves the feverer cenfare, the intolerant ufurpers of power, who, after defpoiling the moft illuftrious families of their property, expelling them from their native foil, and depriving them of all thofe comforts and connections which smooth the rugged path of life, extend their perfecution to the place of their retirement, and betray a malignant anxiety to promote their total extirpation; or the

wretches

wretches who refufe an aflum to misfortune, and facrifice to the gratification of a fordid avarice the moft facred principles of humanity. With regard to Switzerland, Saint-Just had certainly good reafon for fuppofing, that Jugurtha, were he alive, would exclaim, Urbem venalem! et maturè perituram, fi emptorem invenerit.

The other neutral powers are ftigmatized as alike infatiate and contemptible, and it is maintained, that it would have coft the Republic infinitely lefs to combat and fubdue them than had been expended in the purchase of " their inactivity,' cowardice, and perfidy." As little ceremony, indeed, appears to have been used in expending the money of the Republic as had been previously exercifed in acquiring it. Seventy millions of livres, including jewels and other valuable prefents, were fent to Turkey; forty millions were given to the Swifs, and fifty-four to the Genoefe! Another confiderable fum was alfo employed at Genoa, but to a better purpose, fince SaintJuft afferts, that to the affiftance it procured from the Genoefe, the Republic was indebted for the recapture of Toulon, the reduction of Marfeilles, the prefervation of Nice, and the peace and union of all the Southern Departments; whereas, the fifty-four millions of livres were confumed in the vain attempt to effect a Revolution at Genoa.

The following obfervations on the belligerent powers, which fome late events fccm, in a certain degree, to justify, are worthy of notice.

"The great powers of Europe, united by a fenfe of danger, have combined against us; but, in this monftrous coalition, they have all joined their armies, their refources, and their fears, while each referved his cupidity, his hatred, and his jealoufy; fo that, detefting each other ftill more than either of them detefts us, their rivalfhip, their intrigues, their jealoufy, and that inexhauftible pleasure of confidering as an advantage to themfelves fuch of our victories as tend to diminish the ftrength of an ancient rival, have proved our molt powerful allies."

The reporter concludes by recommending a total change of fyftem in the difpofal of the public money in foreign countrics; he exhorts the Committee no longer to pay the neutral powers for doing that which their intereft would compel them to do; but to diftribute their gold, without reserve, among their enemies.

"It is there that we must purchase a secret, an arm, a manipuleur, at a price proportioned to the magnitude of the enterprife, and the extent of the danger; it is in their armies that we must pay parti zns; it is to difcontented Generals that we muft open the gates of our treasury.In fuch cafes we fhould, if it were neceffary, exhauft

Our