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and showing only the dismantled walls of the house Gold-
smith lived in), is supposed to have suggested the ground-
work, at least, of the Deserted Village.
August: an ode, by Street, 262.

Augusta, a poetical name for London, 4.

Augustus, Emperor of Rome (from 31 B. C. to 14 A. D.), dei-
fied and invoked by Virgil, 207;-adulation of, as a
peace-maker to the world, 213; — compliments and adu-
lation of, 221.

Aurengzebe, Mogul Emp. of India, going forth to hunt, 351.
Auricula, 8.

Aurora Borealis, 305, 307, 403. See Northern Lights.
Author of Nature, praise to, 28; of the vegetable world,
praise to, for its wonders, 91.

Author, the dull, a winter bore, 265.

Authors in retirement, 267;-honors to, 267, 268.
Author Rector, the, 415.

Autocrat, the, 470.

Autographs in Parish Register, 371, 372; plough and pen.
Autumn and Winter personified, 59;- farmer's work in,
rains, 211; - sky of, 297; fogs of, 304; sombre hues, 306;
ramble, meditation, 306; meteors, mists, 307; mornings,
308; splendid autumnal day, 308; enjoyments of, 309;
close of, 334, 335; - in October, dreamy appearance of,
356; in the orchard, 385;-splendid day of, 303;—
fruits, 385.

Autumn: a poem, by James Thomson, 297, 310.
Autumn a poem, by Bloomfield, 331-335.
Autumn an ode, by H. W. Longfellow, 343.

Autumn Woods: an ode, by W. C. Bryant, 343, 344.
Autumn an ode, by Thomas Hood, 375.

Autumnal Hymn of the Husbandman: by Jones, 358.
Autumnal Nightfall: an ode, by H. W. Longfellow, 344.
Avalanches, Swiss, 399.

Avarice, how it curses a country, 35; -dissuaded from, 64.
Avaro, his mishap in the May-day riot, 93.
Avocato pear, 421.

Avernus, a lake of Naples, now but a mile and a half in cir-
cumference, near Baia and Pozzuoli. It was connected
with Lake Lucrinus, and back of it. Agrippa made it into
a harbor, called port Julius, by opening a communication
with the sea and the Lucrine basin. Once it was gloomy
with forests sacred to Hecate, a goddess of hell, but now
it is little wooded, cultivated, light, and airy, and exhila-
rating in aspect. On its shore is the Grotto del Cane.
Bacchanalian worship, 218.
BACCHUS, Son of Jupiter and Semele, the daughter of Cad-
mus. He was the god of the vine and wine. At his fes-
tivals women, called Bacchantes and Bacchæ, ran about
frantically, their heads wreathed with vine and ivy leaves,
with fawn skins over their shoulders, swinging thyrsi
(blunt spears twined with ivy-leaves), beating drums and
sounding instruments. The rites were often indecent and
immoral.

Bacchus, invocation to, 213;- rites of, 218.

Bacon, Lord Verulam, eulogized, 150; his remark on gar-
dening, 161; the reformer of landscape gardening, 165;
his garden, 165.

Backgammon, chess, reading aloud, 265.

Bagpipes, music of the, on Mayday, 91.

Ball, the cart-horse, 195; flies; cruelty of docking, 195.
Ball-play, 270.

Baltic, tempest in the, 397; shipwreck, 397.
Bank, a flowery, in spring, 8.

Bankruptcy, through building, 87.

Banquet, rural, of May-day, described, 97; of Atrides, 96.
Baptisms: a poem, by Crabbe, 315-322.

BARBAULD, Mrs. Anna Letitia, the sister of Dr. John Aikin,
was born in 1743, and died on the 9th of March, 1825.
Her father taught a school for boys, and his daughter re-
ceived the same education with them. She married Roche-
nount Barbauld, a French protestant, minister of a dis-
senting congregation, and schoolmaster at Palgrave, in
Suffolk, Eng. To her talents and exertions her husband's
seminary was mainly indebted for its success.' In 1778
she published Psalms; also Hymns in Prose; and, in 1786,
assisted her brother in writing Evenings at Home. She
compiled a selection of essays in 1803; and of the British
novelists, in 1810, with notices.

BARBAULD'S (Mrs. A. L.) ode on Spring, 51;-lines, God
Everywhere,' 296;-lines on the Divine Sovereignty, 78.
Bards and prophets, 140.

Barnaby, the farmer's butt, 322.

BARNARD, LADY ANNE, authoress of Auld Robin Gray.' It
was composed about the year 1771, and became popular,
but she kept the secret of its authorship for fifty years,
when, in 1823, she acknowledged it in a letter to Sir Wal-

ter Scott. Lady B. was daughter of James Lindsay, fifth
Earl of Balcarres, and married Sir Andrew Barnard,
librarian to George III. Born 1750, died 1825.
Barn-labors in harvesting, 195.

Bastile, the, 471; prisoner of, 471.

Bathing, advantages of, 147;- in summer, 147; story of,
147, 148;-precepts respecting, 339, 340;- bather, 147.
Bayard, blind, in the horse-mill, 385.

Bayona, Bayonne, in S. W. France: famed for originating
the bayonet.'

Beagle, the, its habits and blandishments, 347.
Beans, in blossom, 8.

Beasts, some degenerate by change of climate, 273.
BEATTIE, JAMES, LL.D., a Scotch poet: author of The Min-
strel, and other poems. He was born 1735, and died in
1803. He held a high position among the poets and au-
thors of his time, and was Professor of Moral Philosophy.
Beattie's Hermit, 296.

Beaufort family, 383.

Beauties of Nature, 263, 264, 265; - of the country, 284;
if not felt, cannot be painted, 284.

Beauty, effects of on rude natures, 56; no spot entirely inca-
pable of it, 162; true line of beauty, 167; nature's usual
curve; seen in the ox-furrow, team-rut, milk-maid's path,
course of hare, stream, 167;-consists with thrift, 168.
Beauty, Spirit of: an ode, by R. Dawes, 160.
Bedford Level, 498.

Beds, mattresses, feather-beds, and health, 341.
Beech, uses of, 62;-spring revival of, 131.
Beer, 66; its effects on British valor, 97.

Bees, at work in spring in the meadow, 8; not to be smoth-
ered for honey, 308; the subject of Virgil's fourth
Georgic, 229-236; resting-places, herbs, 229; bee-hive,
wild bees' nests, cautions, 229; habits of bees in spring,
young, swarming, quarrels, bees going forth to war; how
to know the true king and best race, how to recall bees
from idling, 230; gardens and garden plants for bees, 229,
231; social polity of the bees; various offices of individu-
als; hive likened to the Cyclops armory; various employ-
ments, 231; varied habits of bees, 231, 232; their celibacy
and love of usefulness; length of life; honors to the queen-
bee; effects of her death; how and when to get the honey
from the hive; how to destroy the bee-moth, lizards, etc.,
232; diseases of bees, and remedies, 232, 233; the Amel-
lus medicine, 233; how to renew a lost hive from bullock's
blood, 233; story of Aristæus, Cyrene, Proteus, and Or-
pheus, 233-236; Aristaus artificially produces a swarm
of bees, 236.

Beehives, how to make, 229. Bee-moth, 232. See Bees.
Beggary, 21; and thieving caused by sloth and waste,
461; prevention of, 505.

BELLERUS, a brother of Bellerophon (see the Iliad), slain ac-
cidentally by him.

BELLONA, goddess of war, 90. Her temple stood outside the
gates of Rome, and here the Roman senate received am-
bassadors. Before it stood a pillar over which a spear was
thrown on the declaration of war.

Benacus, Lake Garda, in North Italy.
Beneficence, the best outlet for superfluity, 200;

should

unite rich and poor, 268; all nature mutually helpful,
268;contrasted with selfishness, 151.

Benevolence, how landholders may exert it, 55.
Benevolent, the, warmed up in spring, 12.
Benighted wanderer, 308.

Bible, a lamp to Nature, 475;-commentators on,
Biography, false, 80, 81.

316.

BION, a Greek poet, born near Smyrna; he lived chiefly in
Sicily, and died there, it is said, by poison. Moschus was
his pupil. Some place him 187 B. C.; others a century
earlier, and thus contemporary with Theocritus.
BION'S Evening Star, 25.
Birch, uses of, 62.

Bird-boy, his watch, 333.

Birds, their loves, 9;-: nest-building, 9; love for and care
of their young, 10, 11; courtship of, 9; nests, 9, 10;
places for, 9, 10; robbed, 10; - young, learning to fly,
10-rearing of young, 10, 11; courage and art of, 10;
-hatching eggs, 10; the young, 10, 11; caging of, 10;
songs of, in spring, 132, 133; young of, in spring,
133;during winter, 468. Bird-life, in spring, 132, 133.
Birds, ballad to the: by Graves, 129.
Bittern, a sign of spring, 3.

Blackbird, the, morning song of, 42;-love-song of, 9.
Blackheath, England, 50. Blade, the early, 42.
Blaize, Bp., and wool-combing, 501.

'Blast' of the cane, effects of, and remedy, 425, 426.
Bleaching wool, dyeing, etc., 502.

Blessings on the master who gives labor its dues, 197.
Blessings of rural life, 271.

Blood, circulation of, 199; waste, renewal, chyle, 199.
Blood-horse, 222, 223.

BLOOMFIELD, ROBERT, was born at Honington, Suffolk, in
1776, and died at Shefford, Bedfordshire, August 19, 1823.
His father, a tailor, died when the poet was a child, and
he was placed under his uncle, a farmer, for two years.
Being too weak for a farmer, he was taken by his elder
brother to London, and brought up to the trade of a shoe-
maker. It was in a shoemaker's garret that he composed
his poetry, which soon became popular. He was now
thirty-two years old, with three children. Capel Lofft be-
friended him warmly, and the Duke of Grafton gave him
a small annuity, and got him a place in the Seal-office.
BLOOMFIELD'S Abner and the Widow Jones, 71-73;-
Dolly, 238; - Fakenham Ghost, 73, 74; - Gleaner's
Song, 290; - Harvest Home, or Horkey, 328, 329;-
Lucy and Colin, a ballad, 129, 130;- Market Night, a
ballad, 443;- Rosy Hannah, 74.

BLOOMFIELD'S Farmer's Boy: Spring, 41-44; Summer,
193-197; Autumn, 331-335; Winter, 445-449.
Blossoms, the world of, 4.

Blue-jay, the, 132.

Body, the spiritual, influences the animal, 451; - progress
of the body from youth to age, 203, 204.

Boiling of cider, 385.

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Breeding and management of the horse, 223. See Horse.
Breton's Phillida and Corydon: a ballad, 129.

Bridal, 156; maids strewing rushes, herbs, and flowers, 156.
Bride, a, to be or not to be, dialogue between Jenny and
Peggy, 106, 107.

Bride and Bridegroom, the aged and foolish, 372.
Bridget Dawdle, Roger Pluck, and Daniel the Footman, 372;
fate of Bridget, 372; love of finery her ruin, 372.
Britain, origin of the name of, note p. 66;-its products,
66, 67; eulogy on, 67;-salvable by beer, 97; - in
war and peace, eulogized, 70; scenery, oaks, wealth,
eulogized, 149; cities, laborers, sailors, youth, virtue,
valor, 149; great men, Alfred, Edwards, Henrys, Sir T.
More, 149; Walsingham, Drake, &c., 150; -Thomson's
patriotic apostrophe to, 151; prayer for, 151; — pacific
influence of, on the world, 294, 295; colonial glory of,
442;-climate and manners (Cowper), 472; enslaved, no
fitting home, 472;-politeness of its people, 472; - refuge
of the persecuted, 507; fabrics of its commerce, 508.
Britannia's Pastorals, by Wm. Browne, 155-158, 311-314.
British shepherd's lot, 493, 494 ; British women, 150.
Britons exhorted to agriculture as well as navigation, 4.
Broken Heart, the: a poem, by John Clare, 325-327.
Brotherhood, common, of humanity, 81.

BROWN, called Capability Brown,' a contractor and orna-
menter of grounds, who expended vast sums for individ-
uals in remodelling and modernizing ancient estates. He
is complimented as a landscape gardener of high ability,
by Mason, p. 166; but is introduced by Cowper in his
satire of the extravagance of his times, p. 86.
BROWNE, WILLIAM (1590—1645), was born at Tavistock, Dev-
onshire, England. He was tutor to the Earl of Caernar-
von, after whose death he received the patronage and
lived in the family of the Earl of Newbury. In this situ-
ation he realized a competency, and purchased an estate.
He died at Ottery St. Mary's (Coleridge's birth-place), in
1645. All his poems were produced before he was thirty,


and most of them before he was twenty. He wrote Britan-
nia's Pastorals; Shepherd's Pipe; Inner Temple Masque.
BROWNE'S Britannia's Pastorals, extracts, 155-158, 311-
314; Respect to Age: an eclogue, 487, 488.
BRYANT, WILLIAM CULLEN, born at Cumington, Hampshire
county, Massachusetts, November 3, 1794. He began to
write verses at nine years of age, and at fourteen pre-
pared a collection of poems (The Embargo, &c.), which
was published iu Boston, in 1809. Bryant studied at Wil-
liams College, which he left to pursue the study of the
law. He practised law one year in Plainfield, and nine
in Great Barrington. In 1825, abandoning law for litera-
ture, he went to New York and edited the N. Y. Review,
afterwards merged in the U. S. Review and Lit. Gazette,
of which Bryant was editor. In 1826 he became connected
with the Evening Post, and is so still (1856).
BRYANT'S After a Tempest:' an ode, 285; —'Autumn
Woods' an ode, 343, 344; Forest Hymn: 'an ode, 39,
40; Rivulet: an ode, 261;-Song of Wooing,' 159;
-Sonnet for November, 376;-'Summer Wind,' 206.
Brydges, Sir Egerton, 382.

Buckets dropped in empty wells, 81.

BUCKMINSTER, REV. JOSEPH STEVENS, an eminent clergyman
and scholar; born at Portsmouth, N. H., May 26, 1784.
His father was a Trinitarian clergyman, but the son was
of the Unitarian faith. He was graduated at Harvard
College in 1800, spent two years in teaching at Exeter,
devoting his leisure to the classics, of whose careful study
he was one of the revivers. Early in 1805 he was set-
tled, till his death, over the congregation in Brattle-st.,
Boston; he went to Europe for his health in 1806, and
returned in 1807. He died in Boston, June 9, 1812.
BUCKMINSTER, J. S., his translation of Meleager's Spring, 46.
Budding, grafting, inoculation, &c., 214.

Buds to be carefully tended during the caprices of spring.
BUFFON, the eloquent and accomplished natural historian,
of France, whose tomb bears the audacious inscription, in
French, God created, Buffon explained.' He was born
1707, and died in 1788. BUFFON's cosmogony, 278.
BUFFON, eulogy of, 279; his epochs of nature, 279.
Builder, the ruined, becomes the political profligate, 87.
Building, extravagant, ends in ruin, 87.
Bulfinch, love-song of the, 9.

Bull, constellation of the, 3. See Zodiac.

Bull, the, in spring, 11; fights of, 11; the vanquished, 224.
Burials: a poem (Parish Register), by Crabbe, 407–415.
Burial, the pauper's, described, 258. See Laborer: Pauper.
Buried city, the, 279.

Burleigh, Cecil, Lord, 383.

Burning over, advantages of, 208.

BURNS ROBERT, published his first volume at Kilmarnock,
Scotland, in an edition of 600 copies, in 1786. It soon be-
came exceedingly popular, and he took the farm of Ellis-
land, near Dumfries, and married his bonuy Jean.' He
was then appointed exciseman. This, with his jolly habits,
caused him to give up the farm, and in 1791 he lived
at Dumfries on his $210 income as exciseman. Here he
published, in 1793, a third edition of his poems; and here
he died, 21st July, 1796, aged 37 years, 6 months. More
than a hundred editions of his works have been published
in Great Britain. Burns came as a potent auxillary
with Cowper, in bringing poetry into the channels of truth
and nature. There were only two years between the
Task and the Cotter's Saturday Night.'
BURNS' Lines to a Mountain Daisy, 25;

day Night, 367, 368.

Cotter's Satur-

BUSIRIS, a King of Egypt, who sacrificed strangers on the
altar of Jupiter; he was slain by Hercules.
Butcher and lambs, 44.

Butter-making, 43. See Dairy; Patty.
Buxom country maid, 195.
Byblian wine, 23.

By the delicious warmness of thy mouth,' a song (XI.), 112
Cabinet of the Natural Sciences, 282-284; minerals, 282.
Cacao-walk, 423: coffee, cotton, 423.

Caean, belonging to Ceos, or Cea, now Zea, an island of the
Greek Archipelago, famous for its fertility, pasturage, and
the elegance of dress of its females.
Caernarvon, 146.

Cæsar Augustus, complimented, 234; conclusion of Virgil's
Georgics, 234; Cæsar's death, portents at, 213; Pharsa-
lus, Philippi, 213. See Augustus.
Caledonian, better Calydonian, belonging to Calydon, a city
on a rocky height of Etolia, of ample and productive ter-
ritory. The Calydnae were islands near Tenedos ; also
another group, off the coast of Caria, Asia Minor.
Calista, wife of Hobbinol, senior, 89.

CALLIOPE, the muse of epics and eloquence. See Muses.
Calm before April shower, 5;-calm before a summer tem-
pest, 146; birds, raven, cattle, 146.
Calms, sultry, of the West Indies, effects on the cane, 427.
Calves, care of, 223; selection, training, 223.

Cam, Camus, a river flowing by Cambridge, England, 198.
Cambridge Parson, the, 415; his death and faith, 415.
Campania (Campagna Felice), S. E. of Naples, 216.
Canalling for draining, irrigation, and transport, 275.
Cane, its culture, 419-423; should be thorough, 419; com-
posts, 419; manuring of remote fields, 419; effects of
yam culture, 419; manuring, hoeing, symmetry, 419;
ploughing suggested, 420; best weather for planting,
wet, 420; bud-tops, 420; planting described, 421, times
of planting, 421; alternate the seed-roots from hill to val-
ley, 421; jointing-time in a moist month, 421; how much
land to plant; successive plantings, 421, 422; hedges, 421;
care of slaves and mules, 423; weeding, 423; hoeing,
423; stripping, 423; shade trees, 422. Cane-mill, 430.
Cane-crop, harvesting of, 429, 430; gratitude, 429; crop
destroyed by fire, 429, 430. Cane-field on fire, 429.
Cane-cutting described, 430; harvesting the stock, 430.
Cane-lands, what to be planted in July and what for.
Cane-plant growing, evils which affect it, 423--427; mon-
keys, rats, weeds, 424; insects; the blast by bugs, 425,
426; ants, 426; hurricanes, 426, 427; earthquakes, 427.
Cane-soils, dark, of Barbadoes, etc., 418; irrigation, 418;
composting, 418.

'Capability' Brown, Mr., alluded to by Cowper, 86.
Captivity, its horrors, 471.

Caravan, 144, 145.

Cards unnecessary, 459.

Carding wool, 503.

Card-players, inveterate, 250.

Care and love for trees, 83.

Care as affecting health, 452; what drink useful, 452.
Cares contrasted of employer and employed, 319, 320.
Carnations, 9.

Carpathian, belonging to Carpathus, now Scarpanto, an
island of Greece, near Rhodes.

Carthagena, New Grenada, Vernon's fleet sick at, 145.
Cascade, how to secure a permanent one, 176.
Cashmere and its wool, 499, 500.

Cashew, use of, 437.

Castalia, or Castaly, a celebrated fountain on Mt. Parnas-
sus, sacred to the Muses. Oozing clear and sweet from the
rock, it pours down the cleft between the two summits.
Cat, of Delille, celebrated by La Fontaine, 284; stuffed, 284.
Cataract and rude scenery, 141.

Catharine Lloyd, the prudish spinster, story of, 410.
Cato and liberty, 144.

Cattle, proper shelter for in winter, 222; breeding of, 222;
rearing and training of, 223; feeding, fighting, 224; epi-
demic among, 227, 228. Cattle buried in snow, 226;
laboring cattle, kindness to, 445; feeding and watering,
445; foddering, 446; in winter, 467.

'Cauld be the Rebels cast,' a song (VII.), 108.
Cavalry charge described, 70.

Cecil family, 382.

Celadon and Amelia, story of, 146.

Celandine and Marina, his neglect, her restless grief, 155.
CENTAURS, monsters with the body and legs of a horse, and
the head, chest, and arms, of a man. They were fabled
to be the earliest inhabitants of Thessaly, and may indi-
cate the early use of the horse there for riding. Invited
by the Lapitha to a marriage, they became intoxicated
and abusive, and were slain. See Hippodame.
CENTAURS, their drunken bouts, 389.
CERES, note p. 21. Daughter of Saturn and Rhea; she
was goddess of grain and crops; being the same as
Mother Earth (Demeter), her Greek name. She sought
her daughter Proserpine, whom Pluto stole, all over earth,
and recovered her for part of each year from Hades.
CERES, spring and summer religious rites to, by farmers, 211.
Cess-pool, London a moral, 87.

Chairs, historical account of, 245-252; joint stools, 245;
stuffed seat; chair invented; cane and leather bottoms;
arm-chair; elbowed settees, sofas, 246. Sleep and the
sofa, 246; nurse, coachman, 246. See Sofa.
Chamouni, vale of, and Mt. Blanc, 466.

Champion, the mountain, at May-games, 91; the valley
champion, 91.

Chandos family, 382.

Chaucer eulogized, 150.

Change indispensable to happiness, 250.

Changes, harmony of natural and moral, 16.

Chanonat the schoolmaster, 269.

Charge of cavalry described, 70.
Chariot race described, 222.

Charity better than luxury, 200;-children taught it, 268.
Charles I. and civil war, 2943-apostrophe to, 389.
Chapel, rude, country, 322; graves, boys' sports, 322.
Chase, the, 69, 301, 302; described by Gay, 30; by De-
lille, 266, 267; rejected stag, 266; ravages of the chase
in harvest, 65; autumn music of the, 334.
Chase, the regular, came in with the Normans, 345.
Chase, the: a poem, by Somerville.

Cheap immortality, 248.

Cheese-making, 69;-skim-milk, sale, etc., 43, 44.
Cheetham's Happy Mean: an ode, 324.
Chelsea, Eng., 50.

Chess, billiards, shopping

-

empty,

479.

Chesterfield eulogized, 401, 402.

Chestnut-trees, uses of, 62;-double row of, 248.
Chickens, feeding of, 43.

Child poisoned by weeds, 61.

Child, the, is father of the man, 269, 270.

Child of God, the, enjoys his Father's realms of nature, 474.
Childhood and fatherhood, 90; - reviewed with a friend in
the country, 267; its associations give interest to rural
scenes, 287; scenes of Delille's childhood, 287.
Children playing about their father, 90;-education of,
14; careful education of urged, 133;- the cotter's, how
to be clothed and armed, as shepherds, 170;-healthy, of
the cotter, 170; a live fence, 170; rose of innocence, 170.
Children in the Wood: a ballad, 185, 186.

Chilled circulation, 341.

Chiswick gardens, 64.

Choice, the, by Moschus, translated from the Greek, 88.
Choleric, advice to, 455.

Christ, the God of nature and of beauty (Cowper), 478, 479.
Christian liberty, 472, 473.

Christobelle, 422. Tale of the West Indies, 427, 428.
Christmas Hymn, by Milton, abridged, 444.

Cider, a poem by J. Philips, 377-391; Book I., The Apple,
377-384; Book II., Cider, 384-391.

Cider, how and how long to season, 387; mixing of ciders,
'woodcock,' pippin, moile, eliot, permain, 387; variety in
flavor of cider; Malaga, Champagne, hock, 387; cider
must be allowed to work and settle, 387; pure cider
described con amore, 387; bottling cider, 387, 388; dif-
ferent lengths of time in which different ciders ripen,
stirom, etc., 388; effects of good cider on the lover,
debtor, poet, 388; in summer, winter, 388; in winter,
spring, 388; Thanksgiving, 388; cider not to be adulter-
ated nor boiled, 385, 386.

Cider-crop precarious, 384, 385.
Cider-mill, 385.

Cindaraxa the cook, her fiery onset at the May-day fray,

93; her fall, 93.

Circuit of the waters, 304.

Circulation of the blood, 199.

Citharon, an elevated ridge of mountains dividing Boeotia

from Megaris and Attica, in Greece.

Cities, disadvantages of as to virtue, 252; luxury, vice,
252; nurses of art, 298.

Citizen, his spring country walk, 4.

Citrons, Median, their use, 215.

City air condemned, 47; its horrible composition, 47, 48 ; —
city-life, its discomforts, 86; — city and country life con-
trasted, 252;-city cares and country peace, 263, 264;
-city, the buried, 279; — city, the, in winter, 401;-
city pomps and dissipations, 458.

Civil war, 271, 389; English, 389, 390; Bertie, Compton,
Cromwell, Charles, Granville, 389.

Civilization, 298; due to what, 152; its advantages over
barbarism, 251.

CLARE JOHN, one of the most truly uneducated of English
poets, and one of the best of our rural describers,' was
born at Helpstone, England, in 1793, and died about 1829.
His parents were peasants; his father, a helpless cripple
and pauper. At thirteen he had hoarded up a shilling, and
purchased Thomson's Seasons. In January, 1820, his
Poems Descriptive of Rural Life and Scenery were brought
out by a bookseller, who bought them for 2s. The maga-
zines and reviews were unanimous in their favor. In 1821
came out his Village Minstrel. In a short time Clare,
by the kindness of several noblemen, was happy in the
receipt of 150 dollars income, and married his Patty of
the Vale,' his rosebud in humble life.'
CLARE'S Spring Musings of a Peasant Poet, 53; Summer
Insects, 262; the Broken Heart, 325, 327.

CLAUDE (163), a famous French painter, distinguished for the
gorgeous and delicate coloring of his landscapes.

Clayey soil, its use and treatment, 60.

Clearing for cane-planting; spare guava, guaiac, shaddoc,
417.

Clearing up of the storm, 147; sunshine, voices of nature,
humility, gratitude, admiration, 147.

Clergy criticized, 462, 463; corrupt, 463.

Clergymen, country, the good, the self-seeking, the faithful,
268, 269. See Pastor; Parsons.

Cliffs, naked, made fertile, 274.

Climate, the English described, a dismal picture, 49; adapt
habits to it, 339; toughening, 339; change of climate,
340; English, its advantages for sheep husbandry, 490,
493, 494; great men, 490; contrasted, 491, 493.
CLIO (glory), the muse of history; inventress of the cith-
ara lyre, 77. See Muses.

Clothing, winter, for the Greek farmer, 22; - clothing ma-
terials of commerce, various, 500.

Clothier's art compared with the farmer's, 504, 505.
Coal-smoke, its good effect on air, 47.

Cock-fighting, 317.

Coals, British, 66.
Coan, of the island of Cos, in the Mediterranean, not far
from Rhodes. Coat of Arms, the cotter's, 315.
COBHAM, dedication to, 189.
Cock, the, 11.
Cockney poets, their tinsel ruralism, 284.
Code Noir, negro code of Louis XIV., 441. Cole, river, 294.
COLERIDGE, SAMUEL TAYLOR, born at Ottery St. Mary,
20th Oct., 1772, and died at Highgate, July 25th, 1834.
He was a man of profound thought and curious erudition;
and has written some poetry that is unsurpassed of its
kind. He says of himself, that at fourteen he was a 'play-
less day-dreamer, a glutton of books;' and so he was to
the end of his life. So forlorn and destitute was he in Lon-
don, at one time, that he enlisted as a dragoon. A Latin
sentence he had written attracted his captain's notice,
who restored him to his friends. 'Much of his life was
spent in poverty and dependence, amidst disappointment
and ill-health, and in the irregularity caused by an un-
fortunate and excessive use of opium.' He wrote, among
other things, France, an Ode; which adopted revolutionary
principles; Ode on the Departing Year; Tears in Soli-
tude; Frost at Midnight; Christabel; The Ancient Mari-
ner; Remorse: The Friend, a periodical; Zapoyla ; Aids
to Reflection, etc. etc.

COLERIDGE'S Domestic Peace, 324, Mont Blanc, 466.
COLIN, OF COLIN CLOUT, the pastoral name Spenser adopted.
Colin, his exploits in the May-day fray, 92, 93.
COLLINS, WILLIAM, was born at Chichester, England, on
Christmas-day, 1720. Educated at Oxford, with assistance
from an uncle, he suddenly left there, and went to London.
His learning was extensive, but he wanted steadiness and
application; hence his brief history is a painful one. He
became indolent and dissipated, and sunk into nervous im-
becility. He died in 1756, aged 36. His odes are deemed
by some critics to be the most perfect in the language.
COLLINS'S Fidele's Tomb: a ballad, 290.

Colonial glories of Britain, 442.

Columbus, eulogized and apostrophized, 418; his advice,
fate, and fame, 418.
Comet, 152. Comfort within, storm only without, 460.
Commerce, British, origin of, 68 ; — stores, ships, British
navy, 298; effects of commerce, 438, 439; its utility and
triumphs; Great Britain, Columbus, Portugal, 439; eu-
logium on commerce, 502; Tyre, 502; - woollen fabrics
of commerce, 508;-internal commerce of England, its
highways and byways, 508. See Trade: Britain.
Commonwealth of bees, 231. See Bees.
Companionship, indispensable to age, 267.
Compelled wedding, the, 370; sin and misery, 370.
COMUS, the god of fun. Conceit of blind science, 81.
Concluding Hymn of Praise, by Thomson, 514, 515.
Conclusion of the Register of the Village Poor, 415.
Conflagration of a ripe field of sugar-canes, 420. See Canes.
Congo negroes, 436.

Connoisseur, coxcomb, 479.

Connubial bliss, 14.

Conscience calls to the quiet, country life, 359; hardening
of conscience, 474.

Conservatory, 179; description of the, by Cowper, 84;
laborious cares of, 85.

Consolation for the loss of the departed, 141.

Constellations, ten of them named by Virgil, 210; Kids,
Dragon, Arcturus, Scales, Bull, Argos, Canis, Pleiades,
Crown, Bootes, Dipper, Little Bear, 210. See Zodiac.
Content, 254; the cottager, dwells not with want, 197.
Contrition, relief, changed views (Cowper), 80.
Contrast heightens interest, 287, 288.

Conversion, Cowper's, described by himself, 80.
Cooper's Hill, alluded to, 293.

Cordials for age, 203.

Corinth, the old name of currant, a berry.
Cormantee negroes, liberty-lovers, 436.
Corporations, apt to have no consciences, 463,
Correspondence between Delille and Polish princess, 289.
Corruption, political, worse than highway robbery, 87.
Cosmogonists, their self-conceit and nonsense, 81.
Cosmogony of Buffon, 278. Cosset-lamb, the, 493.
Cottage, the humble, described, 315; - ornaments, books,
315, 316; Cottage children, what to do with them; in
landscape gardening, 170; - compared to spring, 170;
cottage content, by Rogers, 205; - cottage-fires, evening,
77;-cottage-home, of the Welsh shepherd, 490;-
cottage-laborers, in winter, 460, 461; scanty lights, fuel,
and fare of, 460, 461.

Cottagers, 194; - Sunday eve of, 316.

Cotter, his healthy children, 170; how to be made of use in
the picturesque, 170.

Cotter's Saturday Night, the, by Robert Burns, 367, 368.
Country, adieu to the, 31;-recommendation of, 48;-
Country-Box, by Lloyd, 323;-marred by man, 82;
should soothe and elevate, 82;-invocation to its quiet
and virtue, 265;-who best enjoy, 263;- beauties of,
284; poetry of, increases love-sickness, 362; - cor-
rupted by the town, 462; charming still, 463; Country
Gentleman, or the Rural Philosopher: a poem by the
Abbé J. Delille, tr. by Maunde, 263-289; the country
girl described, 31; her happy lot, 31;-retirement, the
author and literature, 267;-scenes of, 273; solace for
disappointments, 273;-homestead of the squire, wicker-
chair, ale, pipe, sloth and pomp, 89; walk, 76, 77.
Cough, Asthma, Pneumonia, from too sudden exercise, 338.
Coughs, what localities create them, 50.
Courage, inculcated, 64.
Court, the British, 293. Courtship of birds, 9.
Covent-Garden Market, London, 61. Cowley, 293, 464.
COWLEY, ABRAHAM, 'the most popular poet of his times.'
Born 1618; died 1667. He studied at Cambridge and
Oxford. Though he went on several embassies, and
worked hard for the royal family, he was overlooked on
the restoration. He finally settled at Chertsey, on £300,
and here cultivated his garden and wrote poetry.
COWPER, WILLIAM, the most popular poet of his genera-
tion, and the best of English letter-writers.'
Born at
Berkhamstead, where his father was rector, Nov. 15,
1731; died April 25, 1800. He was of noble descent, and
his father was chaplain to George III. Through the
English system of fagging' he was so tyrannized over at
school, when a child, that it shattered his nerves for life;
so that, on undertaking a responsible office given him, he
was disheartened, and attempted suicide. He was cured
by Dr. Cotton; but in 1773 was again insane for two
years. On his recovery, he devoted himself to gardening,
drawing, and poetry. His first poem, Table Talk,
appeared in 1782.

COWPER'S Retirement (from Table Talk '), 359-366 ; —
'Shrubbery,' a monologue, 200; - Sofa (from the Task),
245-252;- Winter Evening (Task), 457-464; - Win-
ter Walks (Task), 467-486; Morning Walk, 467-476;
Noon Walk, 476-486.

-

Cow in search of calf, 287;-best cows for breeding, 222
loitering from the meadow, 43; the master cow,"
43;-cow-yard in spring, 43.
CRABBE, REV. GEORGE, nature's sternest painter, but the
best,' born on Christmas-eve, 1754, at Oldborough, Suffolk,
England; died Feb. 3, 1832. Apprenticed at fourteen to
a surgeon, he abandoned the discouraging prospect, and
went to London, as a literary adventurer, with some
fifteen dollars of money in pocket. His first poem, The
Candidate, was coldly received, and, his publisher failing,
the poet, in his extreme need, wrote to North, Thurlow,
and others, but got neither aid nor answer. At last he
disclosed his misery to Burke, who received him to his
house and the most generous hospitality.
This year,
1781, he published The Library; which was favorably
noticed by critics. Thurlow now invited him to breakfast,
and sent him £100. Crabbe took orders and became
curate of Aldborough, and Burke got him the chaplaincy
of the Duke of Rutland, at Belvoir Castle.
CRABBE's Parish Register, namely: Baptisms, 315-322;
Marriages, 369-374; Burials, 407-415; - Village: a
poem, in two books, 255-260; -Gypsy, or Hall of Jus-
tice, 392-394.

Crabstocks, grafting of, 379; why preferable, 379.
Crazy Kate, 250.
Cream, 69.
Creation, ceaseless, of seeds and eggs, 62;-pretensions as
to date of, 81;-the, in spring, 218;-a constant recip-
ient of life from God, 478.

Crocodile and hippopotamus, 142.

Crocus, 8.
Cromwell and the English revolution; Charles I., 389.
Crops ripening, 298; farmer surveying them, 194.
Cruelty to horses reproved, 69; to animals, 480; often
punished, 481; story of Misagathus, 481; hurt not a
worm, 481; weed cruelty out of children, 482.
Cube and cone, too stiff in a landscape, 164.
Cuckoo, described, 133; note on its name, 133.
Cucumber, the, and its culture, 83, 84; claims to notice,
planting, hot-bed for, 83, 84; the plant described, its
growth, flowers, fertilization, 84.

Cuddy, his exploit in the May-day fray, 93.
Cudgel-play, 308; on May-day, described, 95.
Cuff, Roger, his nephews and crony, 413, 414.
Culloden, Duke of Cumberland, eulogized, 70.
Cultivation, compared to discipline, 419; - use of, 60; —
culture and manure, both necessary, 61;-hot-house,
costly, 84; wonders of, 272; avoid fashionable, 272.
Culver, a pigeon, 8.
Cumbrian, Welsh.
CUNNINGHAM, JOHN (1729-1773), a respectable actor, son
of a wine-cooper, in Dublin. In his latter years he lived
at Newcastle-on-Tyne, in the house of a generous printer,
and on his hospitality.

-

CUNNINGHAM'S Day: an eclogue, 153, 154.

CUPID, note, p. 26, in a bush, and shot at, 13, 14 ; — a Run-
away: an idyl, by Moschus, 26.
Curds, whey, and butter-milk, 43.
Curve of Beauty, 167. See Beauty.

CYBELE, the Mother of the gods,' or 'Great Mother;'
daughter of Cœlus (heaven) and Terra (earth), and re-
garded as the goddess of Nature. Her worship was fran-
tic, like that of Bacchus.

Cyclops, one-eyed giants, workmen in the smith-god's (Vul-
can's) shop, under Etna, where he and they forged the
armor and weapons of the gods, the shield of Achilles, and
other choice bits of classical smithwork.

CYNTHIA, Diana. See Diana.

Cyprian, belonging to the Isle of Cyprus.

CYRENE, story of, 233, 234; daughter of the river Peneus.
Apollo carried her to Cyrene (Barca), in Africa, and had
by her a son, Aristæus. See Aristæus.

Czartorinska, the Polish Princess, 268; her correspondence
with Delille, note, 289.

Dairy, the, 43;-farming, 68, 69;-maid, the, and her
charms, 195; — work described, 68, 69.

Daisy, 8; the Mountain, an ode to, by Burns, 25, 26.
Damask rose, 9.

Damon and Colin: a pastoral eclogue, 495, 496.
Damon and Musidora, story of, 147, 148.
Dance around the May-pole, described, 90.

Dance of shepherds, 157; holiday, shepherd's names, 157;
scene of, described, 157, 158; the dancing described, 158;
love-posies presented, 158; disturbed by an alarm, 158.
Dance, great negro, West Indies, 441.

Dancing, rustic, 35, 270, 271; - shepherdesses dancing com-
pared to wind-driven locks of wool, 158; figures of the
dances, 158; dancing-song, posies, alarm, 158.
Daphnis: a pastoral idyl, 16, 17; note on, 16.
DAPHNIS, a famous shepherd. See notes pp. 18, 19.
Dardan, Trojan.
Darent, river, 294.

Darwin and Peter Pratt, 321.
David, his faith and stay, 366.
Dawn of a Summer's Morning, 136.

DAWES, RUFUS, the youngest but one of a large family of
sixteen, was born at Boston, Jan. 26, 1803. He studied
at Harvard College, was admitted to the bar, but never
practised. He conducted several Magazines, and pub-
lished a number of poems, and a romance.
DAWES'S (R.), Spirit of Beauty: an ode, 160.
Dawkins and Ditchem, their story, 320.
Day: a pastoral, by John Cunningham, 153, 154.

Days, the, a poem of Hesiod's, 23, 24; lucky and unlucky,
according to ancient superstitions connected with the wor-
ship of various gods, 23, 24.

Days, lucky and unlucky, according to Virgil, 210.
Days, two, described, 311.

Day of Judgment, learned men at the, 81.
Day-star, arisen, 131.

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Dead, the loved and honored, 260.
Dead, the, of Winter, 405. Dean forest, 63, and note.
'Dear Roger, if your Jenny geck: a song (II.), 103.
Death, a happy one, 14;- of the good man, 36;- the
mother's: a tale, 412; her children's grief, 412;— a part
of and necessary to progress, 204.

Death-beds, 407; cheerful, unusual, 407; gloomy retrospec-
tion; resignation unusual, 407; common death-bed scenes,
407; death-bed, commonplace, 407; proper death-bed,
feelings described, 407.

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Deer, 136;-checked by a string and feathers, 169; fanci-
ful fears, 169.

Deer-hunting in the snow, 226;-described by Delille, 266;
stag at bay, 266.

Degeneracy of the age, in all ages a common complaint, and
why, note, 20;- of the age in purity and honor, 80; a
cause and effect of distaste for rural life, 86; - of coun-
try manners, 462.

Deity, the, how far and how comprehensible, 81.
Delphi, a small city of Phocis, Greece, built on precipices,
and in the form of an amphitheatre, on the south side of
Mt. Parnassus. Here was the famous oracle of Apollo,
which so long ruled the destinies of nations. The splendid
temple of Apollo here was once plundered of treasures
worth ten and a half millions of dollars; the Gauls (of
France), at a subsequent period, despoiled it of immense
treasures. Sylla, Nero, Constantine, also plundered it.
Delight in God: a hymn of praise, by Francis Quarles, 192.
DELILLE, JEAN, an abbé of France, poet and diplomatist;
compliment to him, by the Princess Czartorinska, of Po-
land, 268. See also the correspondence, note, 289.
DELILLE'S (the abbé Jean) Country Gentleman (Homme
des Champs, or Man of the Fields), a poem in five books,
translated by John Maunde, with the title of the 'Rural
Philosopher,' 263-289.

Delirium tremens, 452; Pentheus, 452, 453.

Deluge, moral cause of the, 6; its effect on the seasons and
on life, 6; effects of the, 278.

Deluge of hail and rain in summer, 146.
Delusions of the worldly or natural man, 80.
Demons, note upon, p. 19.

Denham, 293.

Deo, Opt. Max., an abbreviation for the Latin phrase Deo,
Optimo, Maximo, used by the Romans, and meaning, 'To
God, the Best and Greatest,' 134.

Desert, the, is only where man is not, 162.

Deserted Village, the: a poem, by Goldsmith, 35-38.
Desolation, rural, 36;-of aspect, how to manage it in a

landscape, 167; horror to be changed to grandeur, 167.
Destruction of Ariconium; drought, gases, earthquakes, 379.
DEUCALION, a kind of classic Noah. The legend is that Ju-
piter wishing to destroy the race of the Brazen Age, Deu-
calion, by the advice of his father Prometheus, made an
ark and floated from deluged Thessaly to Mount Parnas-
sus, being nine days and nights on the flood. To renew
the race of men, he and his wife Pyrrha were directed to
cast stones over their heads, those he threw became
men, those she threw became women.
Diamond, 137.

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Diana in Windsor Forest, 292. Dibble, the sexton, 414.
Diet, vegetable, 6, 7;-of roots and herbs recommended by
Epicurus, 64; a poem by John Armstrong, 199—204;
an unpromising theme, 199; diet proper to full and lean
habits, 199, 200; - in Spring, in Winter, in Autumn, 201.
Difficulties and evils, why they exist, 209; produce the use-
ful arts, 209.

Dinevaur Castle, ruins of, 75.
Disappointments, village, 320.

Disappointment: a pastoral, by William Shenstone, 406.
Discontent universal, 320; — effects of on health, 451.
Disease, if it seriously threatens, consult a physician, 341.
Diseases of bees, and remedies, 232. See Bees ; — of negro
slaves in the West Indies, 438; dragon-worm, jiggers,
yaw-worms, remedies, 438.

Dissipation incompatible with enjoyment of seclusion, 86.
Distaff, the: an idyl, by Theocritus, translated, 26 ; — Hel-
en's, 503, 504. Ditchem and Dawkins, their story, 320.
Divine communion a balm, 365; David, 366.
Divine love and wisdom, progressive in effects, 152.
Divine Providence: a pastoral ode, 78.

Divine Sovereignty: a hymn, by Mrs. A. L. Barbauld, 78.
Dobbin, the plough-horse, unharnessed, 447; eulogy and
biography of, 447.

Docking, cruelty of, 195.

DODINGTON, BUBB, Lord Melcombe, a friend of Thomson ;-
tributes to his worth, by Thomson, 135, 187, 188, 303.
DODSLEY, ROBERT (1703-1764), an able and spirited pub-
lisher, a friend of literature and literary men,' as well as
a poet and writer. He projected the Annual Register, and
first re-published the Old English Plays.' He wrote The
Economy of Human Life, an excellent treatise, in prose;
Agriculture, and some dramatic and other pieces of poe-
try. His excellent conduct raised him from a livery-ser-
vant to be one of the most influential men of his times.
DODSLEY'S Agriculture: a poem, in three cantos, 55–70.
DODSLEY'S birthplace and aspirations, 63; his modest de-
scription of himself, 63.

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