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named Cadmus. Their life is so brutal and tise circumcision like the Mohammedans."shameful, that they are not fit to be spoken of; Niebuhr, Voyage en Arabie: Vol. II. pp. 279, except it be to humiliate man, my making him 280. feel, that there is no depth of degradation, disorder, and extravagance, to which he may not sink, when he takes his passions for his guide."Lettres Edifiantes et Curieuses: Vol. I. p. 365.

YESIDIENS.

THE Yesidiens may not improperly be quoted, as forming a part of the population of Syria. They are by some considered to have had their origin in Persia; but they are met with in the countries which lie between Persia and the north

of Syria,* and even in Syria itself, as may be inferred from the fact of a Jesuit missionary's seeking them out, in his visits to Aleppo and Scanderoon. An account of them is found in Mosheim's Ecclesiastical History: Vol. IV. pp. 252, 253, and note: Century 16. Sect. 3. Part 1. The following brief extracts are from Niebuhr, in his travels near Mosul; and from the Jesuit missions in Syria.

The Jesuit missionaries observe

"The conversion of the Jasidies was a new object for the zeal of father Besson. The Jasidies are a people who adore the sun, and who offer worship to the devil as the author of evil.

"Father Besson formed the resolution of conveying to them the knowledge of the true God; but, having been charged with the government of our missions, and being no longer able himself to them. The hour for the conversion of this unexecute this design, he sent some missionaries to It was not long happy people was not yet come. before this was perceived by the missionaries, whom father Besson sent to them. They returned, after having shaken off the dust from their feet. We wait the moment, when God shall be pleased, in his mercy, to dissipate the darkness which hinders these blind men from seeing the horrors of their mystery of iniquity."-Lettres Edifiantes et Curieuses: Vol. I. p. 135. than alluded to, in the third volume of these Let

This sect is further alluded to, and little more

Speaking of a village entirely inhabited by Ye-tres. p. 462. sidiens, Niebuhr thus describes them:

"They are called Yesidiens, and also Dauasin : but as the Turks do not allow the free exercise of any religion in their country, except to those who possess sacred books, as the Mohammedans, Christians, and Jews, the Yesidiens are obliged to keep the principles of their religion extremely secret. They, therefore, pass themselves off for Mohammedans, Christians, or Jews; following the party of whatever person makes inquiry into their religion. They speak with veneration of the Koran, of the Gospel, of the Pentateuch, and the Psalms; and, when convicted of being Yesidiens, they will then maintain that they are of the same religion as the Sonnites. Hence it is almost an impossibility to learn any thing certain on the subject. Some charge them with adoring the devil, under the name of "Tscillebi," that is to say, Lord. Others say that they exhibit a marked veneration for the sun and for fire, that they are downright Pagans, and that they have horrible ceremonies. I have been assured that the Dauasin do not invoke the devil; but that they adore God only, as the Creator and benefactor of all men. They cannot, however, bear to speak of Satan, nor even to hear his name mentioned. When the Yesidiens come to Mosul, they are not apprehended by the magistrate, although known; but the people often endeavor to trick them; for when these poor Yesidiens come to sell their eggs or butter, the purchasers contrive first to get their articles in their possession, and then begin uttering a thousand foolish expressions against Satan, with a view to lower the price; upon which the Yesidiens are content to leave their goods, at a loss, rather than be witness of such contemptuous language about the devil. The Yesidiens prac

Tournefort says of them that they are a wandering race, and "stretch every year quite from Mosul or New Nineveh, to the sources of the Euphrates."

It may, in some measure, require an apology, to have exhibited to English readers such a tissue of various customs and notions, many of them almost unmeaning, others utterly absurd, and not a few of them impious.

The principal motive which the author had in making this brief introductory compilation, may be, perhaps, its best excuse. It was his wish hereby to facilitate the inquiries, or rather to disembarrass the course, of other missionaries, who may in future times visit this country.

Many missionaries will have had neither leisure nor opportunity, previously to their arrival in Syria, for inquiring what are the notions or usages of the various sects existing there. On arriving, they will soon hear a degree of importance, greater or less, attached to all this floating capital of human imaginations. Without some preparation from books, they may enter on investigations of what has long been known; with a prospect, probably, of advancing no further than others have advanced before them: and this in the pursuit of an object, concerning which, if they had possessed the information already existing, they would have learned to regard additional inquiries as of very little worth.

These remarks may be exemplified in the instance of the Druses, of whom a fuller account has been collected in the preceding pages than of any other body of men. The situation of this people is one of the first objects which strike the eye and the ear of travellers in Syria: their power, their numbers, the secresy of their sect, the peculiarity of their customs, and a few characteristic rumors in circulation concerning themall conspire to stimulate curiosity. Yet probably no information is to be had of their real state, much beyond what has long existed in print: or if there be further stores, similar to those already

half-revealed, it may possibly be better that they should remain unknown. Should the unhealthy appetite still crave for further acquaintance with man's many inventions in these far-famed recesses of Mount Lebanon, it may, moreover, be doubted whether this singular race would ever admit a foreigner to the mysteries of the order; or, finally, were this practicable, what missionary would be justified in purchasing such knowledge at the expense of Druse fraternization?

The wisest of men was taught by his own experience, that in much wisdom is much grief: and the great apostle under the gospel dispensation desired to have his converts simple concerning evil: determining, for his part, to know nothing among them but Jesus Christ and him crucified! It might seem, therefore, that, after having investigated much the sentiments of erring men, it were a wise resolution to relinquish such studies -never to revert to them but from a motive of necessity-and gladly to seize the opportune moment for abandoning them.

To be wholly ignorant of the opinions of men in Syria may be the happy lot of private Christians in our own country: but it is otherwise with the duty of a missionary. His is the painful task to read, not only his own evil heart, but the volume likewise of other men's experience; that he may know whom he has to encounter, what he has to refute, and where it is wisest to be silent and to stop. Happy for him also, when he finds that period.

For these reasons, while the private reader may pardon, the missionary student may probably be grateful to the writer for this introductory view. And may all, who shall have scanned these wearying pages, be excited to a livelier sense of pity for the benighted and deluded wanderers, whose characters and sentiments have been thus variously depicted! How should our hearts glow at the thought of the bringing in of a better hope! That hope the Christian finds in his Bible: to this unerring volume he turns his exhausted, aching eyes, and is revived! Most truly can the author testify, that, after revolving for hours the ponderous tomes of the acts of the councils, the researches of Assemann, and many other voluminous works, on suddenly casting a glance upon that ONE BOOK, never to be removed from his table, often has he experienced such a lively transition of feeling, as cannot be better described than by the well-known similie of our sacred poet

-As when a scout,

Through dark and desert ways with peril gone
All night, at last, by break of cheerful dawn,
Obtains the brow of some high-climbing hill;
Which to his eye discovers unaware
The goodly prospect of some foreign land
First seen, or some renown'd metropolis
With glist'ring spires and pinnacles adorn'd,
Which now the rising sun gilds with his beams!

Paradise Lost: Book III.

JOURNAL

OF A VISIT TO SYRIA AND PALESTINE.

Tuesday, Sept. 9, 1823.-We set sail from Alexandria to Beirout.

Saturday evening, Sept. 13.-Standing off the coast of Saide and Beirout, we had a brilliant view of the illuminations which take place on the mountains on the eve of the festival of the holy Cross. From north to south, there was a kind of semi-amphitheatrical exhibition of lights; which increased in brilliancy, as the darkness of evening came on. Some of them rose to a very considerable height above the horizon, marking the great elevation of the mountains. I counted fifty. These large fires were lighted by the monasteries and churches; and, throughout the whole of Mount Lebanon, from Tripoli to Sour, and in various other parts, this ceremony would take place. Considering that our view was partial, we may calculate, that not fewer perhaps than 500 such fires were lighted: the statement of numbers, however, whether calculated, or reported by those who ought to know, is not implicitly to be depended upon. In subsequent remarks on the number of monasteries, or of different sects and denominations, or of the population of towns, I would prepare every person not to expect, what it is next to impossible to attain, perfect accuracy.

BEIROUT.

Monday, Sept. 15.-I landed at Beirout; and was kindly received by the English consul, Peter Abbot, Esq. He informs me, that Mr. Lewis is occupying the college at Antoura, purchased by Mr. Way for the Jews' Society; and that Mr. Fisk and Mr. Wolff are with him, and Mr. King at Deir el Kamr. I was greatly surprised to hear of the departure of Mr. Way from this country, and concerned to learn that illness had been the cause. To Antoura I immediately sent an express courier, with many letters from the west.

Tuesday, Sept. 16, 1823.-Mr. Fisk and Mr. Lewis came over to Beirout, to welcome me to Syria. This is the first time, that, on landing in a foreign station, I have found missionary brethren on the spot: and the benefit of it I felt inexpressibly; as, in the compass of a few words, a rapid view is taken of the bearings of every thing in the country; and the heart, animated by the sight of fellow laborers and fellow sufferers, takes courage. We wrote also to Mr. King at Deir el Kamr, to join us at Antoura. On Wednesday and Thursday we conversed on many plans, and united in prayer for a blessing on our future course.

ANTOURA.

Friday, Sept. 19.-Left Beirout for Antoura. Not being able to bear much exertion in the heat, I was four hours and three-quarters on the journey: it may easily be done in less. The scenery through the valley of Nahr el Kelb was very fine; reminding me sometimes of Derbyshire scenery-though not of the softer parts, as Dove-Dale-but with

one additional feature, which no part of Derbyshire enjoys, a noble prospect of the sea.

I found Mr. Wolff extremely unwell. He seems to be so absorbed in his pursuits, and to carry the labors of body and mind to such a full stretch, that it would be a miracle if he were well. Mr. Fisk says, that, ever since crossing the desert, his health has been visibly declining. I have given him some very seasonable medicine, and put him on a new diet. He has as little idea of taking care of himself, as if he had no body. His researches in Jerusalem appear to have been very interesting, and his labors there very useful.

The churches and convents in Mount Lebanon have bells-a most pleasing distinction in the heart of Turkey: they remind one of college life; sounding for dinner, matins, and vespers.

[graphic]

At present the Maronites are suffering extreme "avanias," or extortions, from their ruler, the Emir Bechir. It is a peculiar privilege enjoyed by Europeans, that their houses can give protection to the natives. A very few days ago, a young Sheik took asylum in this college; the missionaries were a little perplexed by this new kind of visit; though, for the sake of humanity, there are cases in which every feeling man would be Saturday, Sept. 20.-We had much conversa- glad to possess and exercise this privilege; yet tion about this college of Antoura. The only topic bordering, at is seems to do, on interference with which I will here notice, is, that, as celibate col- the civil authorities of the place, or with the polileges are on no account whatever to be contemplat- tical state of the country, it might evidently be ed, it is of great moment that missionaries should sometimes an embarassing circumstance to a be happy in the choice of their partners. The Christian missionary. wife of a missionary residing here, should be of a Beirout is under the Pacha of Acre. In the cheerful temper: she should know how to put up city and near it, are a few Turks; but none in the with vexatious circumstances, without being fret-mountains: which are under the direct rule of the ted: she should be able quickly to throw aside her Emir Bechir, commonly called Prince of the various troubles; especially, she ought practically Druses; although he is, himself, not of that body, to understand the duties of a good mistress toward but by profession a Christian. He holds his office servants; for she will have to TRAIN servants under the Pacha of Acre. she will not FIND them: she must be a thoroughly We, this afternoon, began a custom, which we good, and good-tempered, manager. And her continued nearly every day during our residence husband had need to be very kind to her; for she together at this place that of engaging in conwill give up a great deal for him and his mission. ference on some religious subject, of a nature The monastic life must never more be encouraged. bearing practically on our missionary work. A If any of our Protestant missionaries remain single, subject was proposed by each in rotation, and a let it be for facility of travelling; but not to people day beforehand; so that time for reflection upon it monasteries. This part of the world needs as might be secured. Our conversation was precedindeed what part does not?-the benefit of well-re-ed by prayer; after which each in turn gave his gulated female society; not for the sake of giving opinion, the rest noting down in a book what was an elegant polish, but to inspire feeling and gen- said. These parties usually lasted two hours.*

tleness.

The bishop, Mar Hanna Maroni, called, and sat with us two hours. He superintends the nunneries adjacent; in this he is acting for Monseignior Gandolfi, who is absent at his summer house. Mar Hanna Maroni is the Maronite Patriarch's Vicar; and is an aged and clever man, but disappointed at not having been elected Patriarch some months ago, when the present Patriarch, a rather young man, was raised in preference to him. He says there are in Mount Lebanon upwards of eighty convents; of which about ten are Greek Catholic, three Armenian Catholic, and one Syrian Catholic, the rest all Maronite. Of Greeks, called by them schismatic, but styled, by themselves, the orthodox, there are no convents in the mountains. He, himself, studied at Rome; and was there when Pope Ganganelli abolished the order of the Jesuits in 1773. At that time there was a Maronite house at Rome; which, in the French revolution, was sold and secularised. A new one has not been established. It was, indeed, arranged, that, with regard to the alienated property of the Propaganda, the former and the present possessors should equally divide and suffer the detriment: but possession has, in this instance, proved to be nine points of the law; and the losers enjoy, up to this hour, nothing more than repeated promises of restitution. The various Maronities who go to Rome act as teachers or interpreters, and thus procure a little interest for themselves; there are four or five there now.

*As the college of Antoura has recently acquired a new interest from its connection with the London Jews' Society, in may be agreeable to the reader to be made acquainted with the circumstances, which led, about a hundred years ago, to its first establishment. They are thus related by the Superior of the Jesuit missionaries in the first volume of is connected with the history of M. Lambert, one the "Lettres Edifiantes et Curieuses." This account of the five principal merchants, directors of the French congregation established at Saide, which will be noticed hereafter. This person, having learnt, from the missionaries the necessity and advantages of a mission to Ispahan, the capital of Persia, concieved the design of devoting himself to this service; having put his affairs in order, and drawn up his last will and testament, he quitted Saide with the intention of joining the missionary Fathers in Persia. After many vicissitudes, he landed in of St. Thomas, and took counsel with a religieuse India, near to Meliapor. Here he visited the tomb of the order of St. Augustine; who, having fully considered what might be the nature of his vocation, advised him to go straight to Rome, and there apply to the Superior General of the Jesuits. He did this, and was accepted. After two years of novitiate, he was ordained priest, and appointed to Palestine. The narration then proceeds as follows:earnestly desired to accompany him. They al! "He quitted Rome with two young Jesuits, who three embarked in a vessel destined for Saide or Tripoli; but providence, which had thus far conducted Father Lambert, and designed to use him for the establishment of a mission to the Maronites,

Sunday, Sept. 21, 1823.-In the morning I preached to our small family in English, from 2 Cor. iv. 1, 2. "Therefore seeing we have this ministry, as we have received mercy, we faint not: but have renounced the hidden things of dishonesty; not walking in craftiness, nor handling the word of God deceitfully; but, by manifestation of the truth, commending ourselves to every man's conscience in the sight of God." In the evening, Mr. Fisk preached in Italian, from Isaiah viii. 20. "To the law, and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them." The household here consists (besides ourselves) of a converted Jew, Reuben Coster, whom Mr. Way brought with him from Nice; and a young Jew of Jerusalem, Abraham by name, who, though not a convert, joins in our services: there are also two servants, Maronites.

I was much interested, walking in the evening on the terrace to meditate on the 104th Psalm, with many of the expressions in verses 16-18 and 24-26, as verified to my sight; especially in turning to the noble view of the western seathe very same great deep which David contemplated when celebrating the praises of Jehovah. suffered a violent tempest to cast his vessel on the coasts adjacent to a little village called Antoura. The inhabitants, seeing a vessel approach their coast, took it for a Corsair; and, without particularly examining what it was, ran and seized Father Lambert, his two companions, and some other passengers, and conducted them before the commandant of the country.

"This commandant was Abunaufel, a Maronite, the most respectable of his nation. The fame of his probity was so great, that Louis XIV, of happy memory, chose him, although a subject of the Grand Seignior, to be Consul of the French nation, and sent

him his brevet to that effect.

"It was before this person that Father Lambert and his two companions appeared. Abunaufel interrogated them. In their answers they declared what they were, showing him the patents of the Reverend Father General.

"Abunaufel readily perceived that these supposed Corsairs were missionaries sent him by Providence. He gave them the best reception possible, and lodged them in this house. Their arrival, and the intercourse which he had with them, suggested to him the idea of establishing a mission in his country, in order to give the Maronites of Mount Lebanon that spiritual assistance of which they are so often deprived. He made the proposition to Father Lambert, and offered him a settlement in his own domain; situated in a part of Mount Lebanon called Kesroan.

"Father Lambert, after having consulted the superiors of our Syrian missions and received favorable answers, accepted, on their part, the offers of Abunaufel. This person kept his word with the missionaries; appointing them a lot of ground sufficient to build a small house with a chapel : he even bore a share of the necessary expenses. Father Lambert was the man chosen by God to be the founder of the mission of Antoura. He opened it with an extraordinary concourse of people, who as sisted at the first exercises of the mission. Aided by his two companions, he continued his exertions till death, with indefatigable zeal."-Lettres Edifiantes et Curieuses; vol. 1. pp. 220–229.

The name of this district is sometimes spelt, Kastravan. It lies between Beirout and Tripoli.

A priest and a sheik from Ain el Warka called in the morning. Sunday is a visiting day here also! May our example benefit them!

Monday, Sept. 22, 1823.-Mr. Fisk and myself called on Mar Hanna Maroni. He relates that there is trouble in the mountains; and states the following facts as the cause of it. As several of the Sheiks have fled from their homes, for asylum in Frank houses, the Emir has sent a party of fifty soldiers, who passed by this place only yesterday, to set fire to the houses of those absconded Sheiks, and cut down their fruit trees; so as to force them out of their hiding places. He thinks there will be a re-action-a slight rebellion.

It is but a very few months since this prince fled from Mount Lebanon to Egypt, in order to escape from the vengeance of three assembled Pachas, who besieged the Pacha of Acre. He has now returned in safety; and, besides replacing various pecuniary losses at the expense of the chieftains among the mountains, he is also singling out those who did not stand true to his cause during his temporary flight.

The bishop received us in the " Parlatorio" of the nunnery. Several nuns came to the grated window. There are twenty-three of them who have taken the vow. One, of eighty years of age-two or three, of twenty or twenty-five. They were all very talkative, and very inquisitive; evidently curious to know something of that world, from which they are now for ever secluded. The bishop, who speaks Italian fluently, inveighed bitterly against all monachism; and said, if he were the Pope, he would immediately abolish every brotherhood and sisterhood of them. The freedom of the sisters was not inferior to his. On my mentioning that I was married, they inquired wished me to bring my wife to visit them. On very particularly about my wife and children, and this the abbess, a lively woman of about thirtyfive years of age, asked my companion whether he were married: on his answering in the negative, she vehemently demanded, "Why not?"and did not spare reproofs. The bishop, though himself unmarried, added in Arabic-"Sijra bla tamr"" A tree without fruit!"

I cannot say that I was led to form a favorable opinion of monasticism, or of nunneries. Mr. Fisk and myself conversing fully on this subject afterwards, agreed that those nunneries, which are under the closest seclusion and confinement, are, in some instances, liable to become the most corrupt. In Jerusalem, the nuns have the liberty of visiting their friends. These, being in some measure under the public eye, are probably more

correct.

I inquired from the bishop, in reference to the acknowledging of the council of Trent, which was solemnly done by a national council of the Maronite clergy in the year 1736, whether the acts of that council were printed in Arabic. No

he replied: but they have a manuscript copy in Arabic. It is difficult to me to conceive how these clergy of the mountains should have thoroughly weighed all the matter contained in the acts of that council; but not difficult to understand how they should have been disciplined into adopting it. Implicit faith believes, and implicit obedience submits to ANY THING.

Tuesday, Sept. 23.-Mr. King refreshed us by his arrival. We are now five missionaries-all, in some degree, with different objects or under different characters; but all uniting in Christian love, counsel, and labor, on Mount Lebanon-Mr. Fisk, a missionary from America to Palestine Mr. King, whose original plan was to study Arabic, in order to return, after three years, as Arabic professor to one of the colleges of America, is here adding missionary exertions to his studies-Mr. Wolff, a converted Jew, laboring for the Jews, under the patronage of wealthy and noble-minded individuals Mr. Lewis, a clergyman of our united church, for the same cause under the Jews' Society and myself serving the Church Missionary Society.

The village, if such it may be called, of Antoura, consists of about twenty small and scattered houses; of which three are ecclesiastical namely, the residence of Monseignior Gandolfi, vicar apostolic of the Pope, now absent from home; the nunnery, and the college, in which we are living, and which was endowed about ninety years ago. Several monasteries are within sight, or within a moderate distance. This, in fact, may be considered, generally, to be the character of the mountains. Their population consists almost entirely of monks and peasants. Of the peasants, a great number carry arms. In fact, every young man may, in some sense, be called a soldier; and would, in case of need, muster as such the gun, which serves him for field-sport and sustenance, is ready for the call of war; and his discipline consists in the bracing, hardy habits of a mountaineer. It would be difficult for Euro. pean troops to find their way through Mount Lebanon, if the natives chose to embarrass them.

na Maroni, who very readily gave me letters for Ain el Warka; a college about four hours to the north, in which the Maronites are taught Syriac, and prepared for the priesthood. He also gave me a letter for Hanna Stambooli, a priest, who seems to be doing penance at Ain el Warka, and is compelled to perform the office of preceptor there. In the afternoon, I set off, with Mr. Wolff, to perform this visit. We arrived just at sunset. I cannot say that we were received with much hospitality: there was, in fact, an air of reserve and coldness, which was to be attributed to various little circumstances, needless to relate here. The superior, however, ordered us a supper, and made various apologies for its not being better prepared: a cheerful welcome would have made a much humbler supper a grateful entertainment. Hanna Stambooli, as his name is designed to indicate, has studied at Constantinople; which gives him a character of great superiority to the Maronite mountaineers. He very eagerly asked, if I would take him to England, and seemed chagrined that some such plan could not be devised for him. Something, however, better than talent united with the love of travelling is requisite to induce us to take up and patronise the men of the east. Here are twenty-two pu pils: only one or two, however, came near us. Of these, one was Luigi Assemanni, _great_nephew of the celebrated author of the "Bibliotheca Orientalis;" the same who was the pope's legate in the national council of the Maronites in 1736. This is a tender and rather an interesting youth, of eighteen years of age; he left Rome at the age of eleven; and hopes to return thither, as Oriental interpreter, in the course of a few years. I gave him an Arabic testament, writing for him a direction in it, by which he might find me in Malta; accompanied by some good advice.

CONVENT OF HAREESA.

The country is here as remarkable for the innumerable multitude of its mulberry trees, as Egypt is for its palm trees. During the chief part of the year, these mulberry trees clothe the prospect, in every direction, with a most delightful verdure. As they are not cultivated for fruit, Saturday, Sept. 27, 1823.-Very early in the but for their leaves, from which a great quantity morning we departed. The superior being at of silk-worms are reared, they are polled generally church, we could not personally take leave of him; when the stem is about six week high; and the and, of the young students, it was plain we should small branches, or rather twigs, then burst out see nothing. In our way to Antoura we called at in most luxuriant foliage. An immense quantity the convent of Hareesa, or Arissa; and here of silk is thus raised in Syria. The trees are spent the middle of the day. Padre Carlo, the planted in regular lines. In the winter months, superior, was absent: he is a Franciscan friar, they pass a light plough over the soil between and was long in Egypt. He acted as dragoman them, so that it may drink in the rain more plen- to general Desaix, who commanded the expedition tifully. I do not remember to have seen mulberry in 1798. What scenes for a missionary to have trees reared in Egypt; though I know of no rea- passed through! not indeed necessarily involving son why they should not flourish in some parts of guilty participation; but bringing him continually that country. In Psalm lxxviii. 48, in the prayer- within the sphere of temptation-making deeds of book translation, it is said, that God destroyed their violence, and lust, and rapine, and treachery familiar mulberry trees with the frost. This would be a to his eye; and entirely distracting him from the dreadful calamity to a country in the circum- peaceful, retiring, and laborious life of a missionary. stances in which Lebanon now is, as it would ruin This Padre has been the usual round of Jerusa the valuable trade of silk. The true sense, how-lem, Nazareth, &c. He has the whole of this ever, of that verse is given in the version of the beautiful, spacious, and airy convent to himself. Bible, where the word is rendered sycamore trees. This tree has a leaf somewhat like the leaf of the mulberry tree; and its fruit is a wild fig. The wood of it is peculiarly durable.

It is impossible to survey what this convent once must have been, and what it now is, without feeling as if Rome were evidently on the decline. See her outworks-her foreign, boasted missions -reduced to a mere shade! However, the house at present, serves as an asylum for some of the Friday, Sept. 26.-I called on the bishop Han- Emir's subjects, who, during his flight to Egypt

CONVENT OF AIN EL WARKA.

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