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Had the "ceded territory" comprised between the Fish and the Keiskamma rivers been thickly lined with military posts, it might at a considerable expense have been tenable, though always liable to surprise; but as this was not the case, nothing could have been more encouraging to the pilfering propensities of the Kafir, or more advantageous to his nightly attacks. By the late most just and unavoidable war two essential benefits appear likely to accrue: the permanent security of the colony from future aggression, and the eventual amelioration of the condition of the bordering tribes. Both the labor of the missionary and the industry of the trader will meet with that degree of protection from the local government which will render them less liable to interruption, and thereby an intercourse will be established with the natives, both within and without our boundary, upon a far more permanent footing, tending, under the blessing of God, to conciliate their friendship -to elevate their character, and to win them from habits of barbarism and cruelty-to embrace not merely the outward customs of a civilised community, but the far higher blessings of Christianity and true religion.

From the Kei river to Graham's Town, about one hundred and sixteen miles, there are now seven military posts-four of these have been lately constructed in the new district; they are all trenched, well protected by high mud walls, and capable of repelling any Kafir force that could be opposed. It was two o'clock on Sunday morning before I reached Ayton's Hotel at Graham's Town, having ridden eighty-four miles since leaving King William's Town.

Sunday, 29th.

Beneath the cross we'll constant cling-
No other name than Jesus know:
Thence all our choicest pleasures spring,
And streams of living waters flow!
If but the promise we believe,
All from His fulness we receive.

Nothing can our union sever-
Still the same unchanging Friend;
Yesterday-to-day-for ever,
Jesus loves us to the end!
Supported by His mighty power,
He keeps and guards us every hour!

Oh! for grace by faith to live

To Him whose blood my ransom bought, Freely of his own to give,

Consecrate each word and thought.
By grace I hitherto have come,
And grace, I trust, will lead me home!

Having transacted my business at Graham's Town, and ascertained that his excellency, Sir Benjamin D'Urban, was still at Port Elizabeth, I set out on Wednesday, December 2nd, for that. place, at three in the afternoon, and, riding through part of the night, reached Algoa Bay soon after five o'clock on the following day--the distance is one hundred and one miles. For the personal kindness which I received from his excellency, but especially for the minute consideration which he paid to the subject of my communication, and the anxiety he evinced to promote, with all his influence, the observance of the treaty entered into with Dingarn, and the general welfare, religious as well as commercial, of the Zoolu nation and the British settlement of Port Natal, I feel deeply indebted; and trust that it may please God

"Hitherto hath the Lord helped us."--(1 Sam. vii. 12.) to make him an instrument of conferring the last

How our lives with mercies teem,

Every moment's fraught with love; Let our lips recount the theme,

Till our hearts are drawn aboveTill we in spirit can unite

With ransomed souls in realms of light!

Had we but faith that could descry
A Father's hand in all we view,
How oft our grateful souls would cry,
The Lord has helped me hitherto ;
And Ebenezers we should raise

To Him whose mercies crown our days!

Why have I so long been spared,

A worthless cumberer of the ground! Why have I so seldom shared

The gifts which others feel around? 'Tis grace and sovereign grace alone, Such base ingratitude could own!

Not unto us, may sinners say,

To us no power belongs;
We ne'er had trod the heavenly way,

Or uttered one of Zion's songs,
Had not redeeming love applied

The fount that flowed from Jesus' side?

ing benefits of civilization, and the unspeakable Blessings of Christianity to the remotest parts of this vast and benighted continent.

A vessel (the Dove) being then in the bay, and bound for Port Natal, his excellency sent by her, to be forwarded immediately to Dingarn, the following document, which is the first official communication which has ever been transmitted to any of the native powers beyond the immediate frontier of the colony :

:

"COPY.

"His Britannic Majesty's Governor of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope to the Chief of the Zoolus, Dingarn.

"I REJOICE to hear of the good word which has passed between the Chief and Captain Gardiner, and of the treaty concluded between them for the town and people of Port Natal.

"An officer on the part of the King of England, my master, shall speedily be sent to Port Natal, to be in authority there in the place of Captain Gardiner, until his return, and to communicate with the Chief, Dingarn, upon all matters concerning the people of Natal. By him I will send to the Chief presents, in token of friendship and

good understanding, of which I hereby assure the furnished by Captain Campbell (the civil comChief, in the name of the King my master. (Signed) "BENJ. D'URBAN, "Governor of the Colony of the Cape of Good Hope.

"Given at the Cape of Good Hope, the 5th day of December, 1835."

missioner of the district) with an order on the different field cornets for relays of horses to Cape Town, an occasion never once occurred in which I found it necessary to produce it. Having ridden eighty-four miles, the latter part of which, over the Cape Flats, being loose sand, is the most tedious, I reached Cape Town at five o'clock, and took up my former quarters at Miss Rabe's boarding house in the Heeregracht.

On Saturday, the 19th, in the afternoon, I embarked on board the Liverpool, a teak-built 74, sent from the Imaum of Muscat, in charge of Captain Cogan of the Indian Navy, as a present to his Britanic Majesty, At nine o'clock the next morning we were underweigh; anchored at St. Helena on the 2d of January; sailed early the following morning; and made the English coast off Falmouth on the 20th of February, where I land

While at Port Elizabeth I had the pleasure of meeting Dr. Adams, and Messrs. Grout and Champion, American Missionaries, about to proceed also in the Dove to Port Natal. His Excellency proceeded to Uitenhage on the 5th, and on Monday the 7th I set out for Cape Town, stopping three hours at Mr. Vandereit's, the civil commissioner at Uitenhage, where I received the governor's despatches for England. During the remainder of the journey to Cape Town, I averaged eighty miles each day, taking my chance of the farmers' horses upon the road. They are un-ed in the pilot boat in the course of the evening. shod, generally sure-footed, and well adapted for such journeys. Three horses I found requisite

the guide leading one carrying the saddle-bags; DOCUMENTS CONNECTED WITH PORT but the contents of these were so frequently subNATAL. merged, every stream and rivulet being unusually

December 3rd, 1835.

swollen, that, although I commenced by occasion- Extracted from the Graham's Town Journal of ally spreading them out to dry while the horses were changing, I soon grew tired of the operation, and the greater part were mildewed on my arrival A TREATY CONCLUDED BETWEEN DINGARN, KING on Saturday night at Genadenthal. Before daylight, on Monday 14th, I was again on route. În point of scenery this was by far the most interesting day during the whole journey from Graham's

Town.

The approach to the town of George over the mountain, which divides that district from the Lange Kloof, is fine; but I think the Fransche Hoek Pass is superior; and from this point to Stellenbosch, a distance of not more than thirty miles, the ride is quite beautiful,-exhibiting throughout some of the wildest and grandest characteristics of African scenery, in striking relief, with cultivated farms and vineyards, embosomed in oak plantations, and enlivened with hedges of geranium and rose, luxuriant to the very base of those natural buttresses which, on either side, occasionally protrude their rugged outline far into the bosom of this beautiful valley. Among the Dutch farmers, throughout the country, I have invariably met with the greatest civility: they will not be driven, but address them civilly, and you are quite sure of a cordial welcome. A hearty shake of the hand by the good man and his sturdy vrow at once makes you at home. The tea-water is always ready; and scarcely have the encouraging words "sit mynheer" been uttered, than it is duly administered; and I pity the fastidiousness of that traveller who rises from a clean rubbed table, spread out with coffee, excellent bread, butter, and eggs, and (if he chooses to ask for it) most delicious butter-milk, and not feel he has not only been refreshed, but abundantly satisfied. For a cup of tea or coffee they will receive nothing; but for a repast, such as I have described, and even where a tough chop are added, although no charge is formally made, a rix dollar (1s. 6d.) is considered as a liberal equivalent. As a further proof of their willingness to oblige, although on leaving Graham's Town, I was kindly

OF THE ZOOLUS, AND THE BRITISH RESIDENTS
AT PORT NATAL.

Dingarn from this period consents to waive all claim to the persons and property of every individual now residing at Port Natal, in consequence of their having deserted from him, and accords them his full pardon. He still, however, regards them as his subjects, liable to be sent for whenever he may think proper.

The British residents at Port Natal, on their part, engage for the future never to receive or harbor any deserter from the Zoolu country, or any of its dependencies; and to use every endeavor to secure and return to the king every such individual endeavoring to find an asylum among them.

Should a case arise in which this is found to be impracticable, immediate intelligence, stating the particulars of the circumstance, is to be forwarded to Dingarn.

Any infringment of this treaty on either part invalidates the whole.

Done at Congella this 6th day of May, 1835, in presence of

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thereon two English miles westward from its point, be considered as town land, and reserved for the use of the town for building purposes, and that every individual cutting timber on the town lands do pay into the treasurer's hands the sum of one shilling and sixpence per wagon load.

9th That a body of householders, not exceeding thirteen nor less than five, be elected annually, on the first day of July (except such day fall on a Sunday,) by a vote from the whole body of householders, to form a committee, to be called the

When the following resolutions were unanimously Town Committee; proxies to he admitted for agreed to :

1st. That an eligible and commodious site be immediately selected for the purpose of erecting a town, and alotting a sufficient township for its inhabitants' use.

such householders as may be absent at the time of election.

10th That the town committee meet for business as often as may be necessary, but always on the first Wednesday in every month; they are chargeable with the enforcement of the town re2nd. That after a minute survey, we do una-gulations, which are hereafter to remain unalternimously agree, that the said town be situate be- able. Five members duly elected, to constitute a tween the river Avon and the Buffalo Spring; board; but they are invested with no power to that it be bounded on the west by the river Avon, enact new regulations without the consent of the on the east by by a line drawn from the bay in a whole body of householders duly convened by right angle, and touching the Buffalo Spring, near public notice. the residence of F. Berkin, Esq., and that the town lands extend four miles inland, and include Salisbury island in the bay.

3rd. That the town now about to be erected be called D'Urban, in honor of his Excellency the Governor of the Cape Colony.

4th. That each of the present inhabitants of Natal be entitled to a building plot of ground in the said town, and Messrs. Berkin, Hogle, and Collis be entitled to an extra allotment each, in

consideration of lands conceded by them to the town and township.

5th. That every person taking an allotment do engage to erect a house, conformable to the plan now adopted, within eighteen months from this date; the street-front of which is not to be less than twenty-four feet within its walls; the breadth not less than ten feet; and the walls not

less than eight feet high. Such building not being completed within the said term of eighteen

months, to be declared forfeited, and to be sold to the highest bidder by the town committee, and the proceeds added to the town fund.

6th. That no Kafir hut, or any straw hut or building be erected in the township; but a temporary residence, not less than one hundred feet from the street, may be erected for the accom

modation of laborers on the allotments in which they are employed while erecting the residence of their employer.

7th. That every individual now at Natal, on taking possession of his allotment, do pay into the hands of the treasurer the sum of seven shillings and sixpence, and that those who may arrive after this date do apply to the Town Committee, who will dispose of by public auction the number of allotments required, at a sum not less than three pounds fifteen shillings sterling each, and that the proceeds of such sales and other moneys collected, be paid into the hands of the treasurer, who shall be elected by a majority of householders, and applied only to public purposes under the regulation of a committee appointed annually.

8th. That the Bluff point, extending between the sea and the bay, with the wood growing

11th That the president, members, treasurer, and secretary be renumerated in the sum of one shilling and sixpence per diem, when transacting public business, out of the town fund.

12th. That the following gentlemen do comviz. Captain Gardiner, R. N., J. Collis, Esq., F. pose the town committee for the ensuing year, Berkin, Esq., Mr. J. Cane, Mr. H. Hogle.

13th. That for the endowment of a clergyman of the church of England for the parish of D'Urban, three thousand acres of land, situate on the river Avon, and bounded by the lands of James Collis, Esq., be reserved as church lands, to be held in trust by the proper authorities, and never to be alienated from that purpose; and that the clergyman be also entitled to a building allotment for a

town residence.

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the parish of D'Urban is to rest with the Church 14. That the appointment of a clergyman for Missionary Society, but subject to the approval of majority of not less than two-thirds of the whole body of householders, six months after his arrival. the township for the erection of a free-school, and 15th. That a convenient site be selected in that two thousand acres of land be reserved for the right bank of the Umlass river, at the foot of support; and that the said land be reserved on the Munyabic.

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16th. That a reserve of three thousand acres of land be appropriated as a fund for the endowment of a public hospital; and such reserved lands be on the right bank of the river Incomaas, below the drift, and under the control of the town committee.

17th. That a plot of ground within the township be set apart as a burial ground for the natives.

18th. That in the event of the town being removed beyond the limits of the present township, the whole of the land forming the township be equally shared among those at present residing at Natal, and become the property of their heirs or successors.

19th. That every person be at liberty to dispose

of his allotment and buildings thereon as soon as the above regulations are conformed to.

20th. That all who may feel inclined to take farms in the vicinity of Port Natal, as well as those already in possession of lands, report the same in writing to the town committee, described their situation, extent, boundaries, &c; all lands not so reported to be considered as void.

21st. That any infringement of the above articles subjects the individual to the forfeiture of his allotment, provided he does not conform within three months after due notice shall have been given him by the town committee."

22nd. That a voluntary subscription be entered into this day, for the purpose of establishing a town fund; and tenders be received by committee for performing by contract the cleaning of the streets and squares of the town; that the lowest tender be accepted, and that F. Berkin, Esq., be solicited to fill the office of treasurer.

23rd. That two auditors be elected every six months to examine and report the treasurer's accounts, and that they be authorised to call a meeting to receive their report and approve of the

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The following is the petition referred to in the foregoing:

Petition of the Householders of the Town of D'Urban, Port Natal.

MAY IT PLEASE YOUR EXCELLENCY,

We, the undersigned British subjects, inhabitants of Port Natal and its vicinity, have commenced building a town called D'Urban, in honour of your Excellency.

We hold in our possession extensive tracts of excellent land, a considerable portion of which has long been under cultivation many of us are occupied in conducting a valuable trade in hides and ivory, the former of which is almost exclusively obtained within the limits, which by mutual consent of surrounding chieftains have been conceded to us.

In consequence of the exterminating wars of Charka, late king of the Zoolus, and other causes, the whole country included between the Umzimcoolu and Tugăla rivers is now unoccupied by its original possessors; and, with a very few except tions, is totally uninhabited.

tered this settlement for protection; the amount Numbers of natives from time to time have enof whom at this present moment cannot be less than three thousand.

These all acknowledge us as their chiefs, and look to us for protection, notwithstanding which we are living in the neighborhood of powerful native states, without the shadow of a law, or a recognised authority among us.

We, therefore, humbly pray your Excellency, for the sake of humanity-for the upholding of the British character in the eyes of the natives-for the well-being of this increasing community-for the cause of morality and religion, to transmit this our petition to his majesty's government, praying that it may please his majesty to recognise the country intervening between the Umzimcoolu and Tugăla rivers, which we have named "Victoria," in honour of our august princess, as a colony of the British empire, and to appoint a governor and council, with power to enact such laws and regulations as may be deemed expedient by them, in concert with a body of representatives chosen by ourselves, to constitute a house of assembly.

And your petitioners, as in duty bound, will ever

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CHURCH AT "D'URBAN."

A meeting of the Inhabitants of Port Natal was 10 held this day, 23rd June, 1835, when it was unani10mously resolved,

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That a subscription, for the erection of a church, 0 5 be commenced, and that the building shall, on the 2 10 amount of subscription reaching 5001. sterling, be immediately commenced.

20

That the aid of the religious public be requested, and that subscription lists for that purpose be opened at the stores of

1 101 Messrs. B. NORDEN and MAYNARD, Graham's 1 0 Town.

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Capt. Gardiner, R. N.

J. Collis, Esq.
Mr. John Cane
Mr. J. Francis
Mr. P. Kew
Mr. H. Hogle
Mr. Wood
Mr. Pickman
Mr. J. Pierce

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stroying their communications with the interior, the difficulty of conveying away and secreting of the check they would doubtless meet with in stolen cattle would be so great, that, independent front, their whole system of warfare would at £500 once be frustrated; and it is evident, under such 20 0 circumstances, they must from necessity abandon 50 the attempt.

3 15

It surely will be unnecessary to advert to the 2 10 policy of occupying, even at a little expense, a 2 10 position which an unfriendly power might at any 20 time possess, and so materially turn to our disad 2 0 vantage. This will doubtless occur to all who 2 0 have paid the slightest attention to our relations 20 in South Africa; but it may not be out of place to 1 0 go a step farther, and to assert the utter impracti50 cability of defending the province of Albany, the 20 fairest of our colonial possessions in that quarter 3 10 of the globe, unless at a most ruinous expense, in 10 the event of any rival power establishing itself at Port Natal, with all the facilities afforded by such His Excellency Sir Benjamin D'Urban has a position to abet and tamper with the vindictive since subscribed the sum of 50%. character of the Amakosa tribes.

Mr. G. Cyrus
Mr. T. Carden
Mr. H. F. Fynn
Mr. D. Snelder
Mr. R. Biggar

Mr. John Jones

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CONCLUSION.

As in probability there will be many grave objections on the part of his majesty's government to extend the British protection to the new territory of Victoria, I should not feel myself justified in dismissing this part of the subject, even at the risk of being mistaken for a land speculator, without offering some further remarks, the substance of which has already been submitted to his Excellency Sir Benjamin D'Urban, and received his entire approval.

In addition to the primary and important object of imparting Christian knowledge, and raising the natives from their present degraded condition, both as respects their temporal and spiritual interests, the advantages to the mother country, which would accrue from colonization, would be great and immediate. The trade in ivory is yearly increasing; and there is no doubt that the greater part, if not the whole, which now passes through the pestilential climate of De la Goa Bay, would find its way to the healthy shores of Port Natal; a presumption founded on no less an authority than Dingarn himself, who has intimated his intention of an almost exclusive barter with the English, should the settlement at Port Natal become sufficiently organised by a local government.

But by far the most cogent argument, if indeed an additional one were wanting, is the beneficial bearing which such an acknowledged settlement would have upon the the native states throughout the whole intermediate territory from Victoria to the Cape colony. With Port Natal, as a point d'appui, to be strengthened at any time of emergency, any future hostile combination of the Ama kosa would not only be utterly hopeless, but immediately suppressed; and that without incurring the disasters of a tumultuous invasion or the onerous expenses of a lengthened campaign. A detachment of marines acting in concert with the Amapondas, and falling upon their rear, would effect more than ten times the same number of regu lar forces from the opposite direction, as, by de

By instituting a local authority-by_restoring the British character to its proper standard-and by encouraging a friendly and commercial intercourse with the Zoolu nation, a powerful diversion would at once be effected in favor of colonial interests, and the probability of a collision between this warlike people and their southern neighbors, or what would be far more destructive to the tranquillity of our colonial frontier, an offensive and defensive alliance between them and the Amakosa be entirely precluded.

With regard to expense, not the least important consideration in all matters connected with colonization, although it might be fairly advanced that ample amends would be made for a reasonable expenditure in the security of our existing frontier from aggression on predatory attack, still there are some peculiarities in the state of society in the country in question, which will go far to lighten the burden, should it ever be imposed.

The natives at Port Natal are, almost to a man, refugees from the Zoolu nation, goaded by a rigorous government to desert for protection to our settlement: their very existence, therefore, depends upon their combining to defend the asylum they have chosen. For some years many of them have been entrusted with fire-arms for the purpose of hunting the elephant and buffalo; and in consequence, out of the whole body, some very tolerable marksmen can be selected. An European military force is not therefore absolutely necessary either for the support of the government or the defence of the settlement-a few veteran soldiers, for the purpose of instituting drills, and introducing an uniformity of system, would be quite sufficient, under the inspection of one or two non-commissioned officers, to organize a native force adequate for every necessity that might arise.

A kilt, of the commonest material, by way of clothing, and the loan of a cow (price about forty shillings) to each man, to be forfeited for misconduct, but to become his actual property after three years' faithful service, would be regarded as a sufficient remuneration, and comprises the whole expense of a force, with which, after three months'

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