ASSYRIAN RESEARCHES.-Fired by American example, the proprietors of the Daily Telegraph, with the concurrence of the trustees of the British Museum and the Lords of the Treasury, have arranged to despatch Mr. George Smith (the decipherer of the tablets relating to the Deluge) to Assyria for further explorations. They propose to devote to the object 1000 guineas within a period of six months, and are willing to exceed those limits if found desirable. Mr. Smith's official salary will continue. Any memorials of interest discovered will be added to the present collection of Assyrian antiquities in the British Museum.

marble slabs. The centre circle has nine slabs, the second is formed of eighteen, the third twenty-seven, and so on, each circle being a multiple of nine, till, at the outer circle, it is 9 X 9 81, being a favourite number in Chinese philosophy. "The same symbolism is carried through the balustrades, the steps, and the two lower terraces of the altar. Four flights of steps, of nine each, lead down to the middle terrace, where are placed the tablets to the spirits of the sun, moon, and stars, and the year god, Tai-Sui. The sun and stars take the east, and the moon and Tai-Sui the west. The stars are the twenty-eight constellations of the Chinese zodiac, borrowed by the Hindoos, soon after the ANCIENT TERRA-COTTAS OF SYRIA.-The incredulity | Christian era, and called by them Naksha-tras. The Taiwith which the objects of idolatrous art, recently discovered Sui is a deification of the sixty-year cycle. The present in Moab, and of which Lieut. Conder sent water-colour year, 1869, is the sixth year of the cycle, and is denoted by sketches to the Palestine Exploration Fund, were received the characters Ki-si, taken from the denary and duodenary in this country must now be at an end. Some time since, cycles respectively. For this year the tablet is inscribed the report of Pastor Weser, the Prussian chaplain at with these characters; in 1870, the characters Keng-wu, Jerusalem, who himself visited the sites of excavation, was next in order, will be taken, and so on.' The work quoted published. An attempt was made to throw doubt even from was published about two years ago, which explains the upon that. Now, Mr. Greville Chester, one of the oppo- reference to 1869 and 1870. The same work gives a further nents of the genuine character of the objects in question, illustration of these numbers :—“ The balustrades have writes from Jerusalem a full recantation. He says that he| 9 × 8 = 72 pillars and rails on the upper terrace; on the has examined the collection of Mr. Shapira, and is con-middle terrace there are 108; and on the lower 180. vinced of its genuine character and extreme importance. These amount in all to 360, the number of degrees in a At Berlin, the same conclusion was long since arrived at, circle. The pavement of the middle terrace has in its innerand Pastor Weser has been elected a member of the Oriental most circle ninety stones, and in its outermost 162 stones, Society, in consequence of the light he has personally thrown thus reaching the double of eighty-one, the outermost circle on the subject. Lieut. Conder's sketches were confined to of the upper terrace. So again, in the lower terrace the the most striking objects, from an art point of view. Some circles increase from 171 stones, the innermost to 242, or of the jars are covered with incised characters, which, in three times the square of nine for the outermost."-Daily some cases, are bi-lingual. The British Museum authorities News. based their condemnation of some of the jars, as forgeries, on the ground that they were impressed with unknown, as well as with well-known characters, a thing most unlikely for a forger to attempt. While we regret that these objects are lost to this country, it is very instructive to see the different tone in which any indication of important discovery is met in Germany.-Builder.

CHINESE TEMPLES.-To the eye of a European there is nothing about it to suggest its ecclesiastical character. It is more like one of the fanciful creations of gardener-artists, reminding you of the gardens at Versailles or the Crystal Palace. The circular space on the top looks as if intended for a band to play on. It is somewhat larger than one of the fountains in Trafalgar-square, with a pavement and balustrade of white marble. It stands on two other platforms, all formed of the same material, forming three terraces, each terrace being ascended by a flight of nine steps, or twenty-seven in all, from the ground to the top of the altar. There are four ascents, one from each of the cardinal points. The whole is surrounded by a low wall, with open marble gateways on each side, facing the four ascents. This wall is square in plan, and in the south-east corner is the furnace or altar for burning the bullock, with eight other altars, smaller, and of iron, where offerings to the eight deceased ancestors are also burned, the bullock being offered to Shang-ti alone.

To those who have

MORTUARY CHAPEL, NAPOLEON III.-It is intended, it is believed, forthwith to begin the erection of a mortuary ch pel at Chislehurst, projecting from the southern side of the chapel close to the break of the chancel.

Proceedings of Societies.

SOCIETY OF BIBLICAL ARCH.EOLOGY.-A meeting of this
society will be holden at 9, Conduit-street, W., on Tuesday,
February 4, 1873, when the following papers will be read: 1.
On the Era of Ezra and Nehemiah. By Rev. D. H. Haigh,
M.A. 2. On an Assyrian Patera, with an Inscription. in
Hebrew Characters. By Rev. J. M. Rodwell, M.A. 3.
Some Remarks upon a Passage in the Pænulus of Plautus.
By Rev. J. M. Rodwell, A.M. The following candidates
will be balloted for: Rev. C. Boldon; William Alfred
Burns, Esq.; Sir William W. Burton (of India); Arthur
Cates, Esq.; Rev. J. B. Coles; Honble. Mrs. Henry Gage;
John Harward, Esq.; Count Gleichen; Joseph Hassell,
Esq., A.K.C.L; Fredk. Morley Hill, Esq.; Rev. J. John-
son; Rev. George Miller, M.A.; John W. Phené, Esq.,
F.S.A., F.R.S.B.A., F.G.S., etc.; Robert Cooper Ready,
Esq.; the Marquis de Rothwell, M.A.
THE following gentlemen were yesterday called to the de-
gree of Barrister-at-Law :—

taken an interest in Professor Smyth's inquiries respecting the Great Pyramid, this Chinese Temple ought to have By the Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn.-Charles special significance. Although round in plan and flat on Deslandes Church Winter, of the Indian Civil Service; the top, it may still be described as a modification of the James Bridger Philby, B.A. and S.C.L., Oxford; Montague Pyramid. Its astronomical character is indicated by the Johnstone Muir Mackenzie, Scholar of Brasenose College, great ceremony at the winter solstice. The four ascents, Oxford; Elliot Charles Bovill, B.A., Oxford, junior student with approaches and gates to the four cardinal points, of Christ Church; Edwin Watson, M.A., Dublin; Harsuggest that an astro-geographical meaning was intended. rington Arthur Harrop Hulton, B.A., Cambridge; Arthur Most of the imperial temples of Pekin have been constructed Joseph Waley; Francis Eustace Ady, B.A., Oxtord; John with reference to the relation of numbers, and this is par- Gregory Apcar, of Christ Church, Oxford; Timothy Naticularly marked in the Temple of Heaven. The number thaniel Hilbery, B.A., Oxford; Alexander Douglas Orr, nine figures very largely in it. The ascent to each terrace B.A., Cambridge; Frank Russell, of Trinity College, has nine steps, the whole ascent being 3 X 9 27. The Cambridge; Shelford Bidwell, B. A. and LL B, Cambridge; pavement on the circular top is formed by nine circles of Edmund Warren Craigie; Peter Frederic Shortland, LL.D.,

=

Cambridge, late Fellow of Pembroke College; and Gerald Henry Baird Young, John M'Millan, Arthur Houssemayne du Boulay, and Hugh Fortescue Locke King. By the Honourable Society of the Inner Temple.-Chris-needle to an anchor. There were smithies, or blacksmiths' forges, topher Venn Childe (holder of a certificate of honour of the first class, awarded Michaelmas Term, 1872), B.A, LL.B., Cambridge; George Frederic Holroyd, M.A., Cambridge; Francis Beaufort Palmer, Oxford; Samuel Henry Sandbach, M.A., Oxford; Edward Nicholas Fenwick Fenwick, B.A., Cambridge; Ingram Bathurst Walker; Charles George Walpole, B.A., Cambridge; Edwin Sandys Barker; Hugh Garden Seth Smith, B.A., Cambridge; George Knowles, B.A., Cambridge; Ebenezer John Buchanan; Bedford Clapperton Trevelyan Pim, Captain R.N., and J.P. for the county of Middlesex; Syed Ameer Ali, M.A., LL.B., Calcutta; George Edward Smythe, B.A., Cambridge.

By the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple.William Yardley, of Trinity College, Cambridge; Arthur Gough Pigott, B.A., Exeter College, Oxford; William Cordeaux, B. A., St. John's College, Cambridge; William Croasdill, B.A., Pembroke College, Oxford; James Fenning Torr, B.A., Pembroke College, Oxford; Ernest John Trevelyan; Thomas Fuller, M A., Trinity College, Cambridge; the Hon. Mark Pleydell Bouverie; Henry Whaley, of the London University; Kishon Mohan Chatterjea, B.A. and B.L., Calcutta University; Abel Thomas, B.A., University of London; John Macdonnell, M A., University of Aberdeen; Walter Dalton, M.A., Pembroke College, Oxford; Evan Oakes Williams, of New Inn Hall, Oxford ; Joseph Gompertz Montefiore; Henry Louden Buck; Henry William Bleby, B.A., London University; Henry March Webb, University of London; Francois Claude Amable de Lapelin, Arthur Edward Tooze, William Hardy, John Peter Grain, Henry Rawlins; Pipon School-Charles Edward Lanauze, and Sitaram Narayan Pandites, University of Bombay.

Obituary.

THE Rev. Adam Sedgwick, LL.D., F.R.S., the Woodwardian Professor of Geology in the University of Cambridge, died on Monday morning, the 27th ult., after a few days' illness, at the venerable age of 87. He was born at Dent, in Yorkshire, on the 27th of March, 1785, and was the son of the vicar of that parish, who himself lived to the age of 92.

The funeral will take place in the chapel of Trinity College to day, at half-past eleven.

Notices of Books.

Ottawa; Past and Present. By Charles Roger, author of the Rise of
Canada from Barbarism to Civilization. Ottawa: 1872.
THE capital of the Dominion of Canada was only founded in 1826, not
half a century ago. Ottawa, or rather Bytown, was then a wilder-
ness; now it is a city, with cathedral and other churches, thriving
factories, beautiful streets, and pleasing terraces. The Parliament
buildings, architecturally considered, are possibly the finest on the
American continent, and the legislative halls are scarcely equalled
here. Mr. Roger has given a full and rather particular account of
the progress of this "city of the woods," from the time of the first
settlement of the Ottawa valley until now. He writes racily, and
alludes with considerable nonchalance to the settlement of "that

vast country, in America, extending about 4000 miles," the super-
ficial area of which is 3.500.000 square miles, 110.000 miles more than
that of the United States, and only 150,000 miles less than that of all
Europe. The Falls of the Rideau and the Falls of the Chandiere,
sublimely picturesque in their primitive grandeur, have been utilized
even flour and cloth. And in these falls there is great, and indeed,
and made to produce matches, tubs, pails, doors, sashes, deals, and
limitiess wealth. As a specimen of Mr. Roger's style we give the
following:-

"The farmers soon became comfortable, and the village, or, as it was called, the town of Bytown, grew in wealth with the advancement of the surrounding country. The stores were ample for the wants of the community. They contained everything which a family

|

needed; the grosser woollen fabrics, coarse linens, strong cottons,
heavy boots, teas, sugars, molasses, needles and thread, wax and
thimbles, hoes and pickaxes, spades and rakes, shovels and dog-irons.
The shops were indeed stores of everything great and small, from a
cobblers' shops, flour and feed shops, taverns and livery stables; but
the haberdasher or the ironmonger, the merchant tailor or the per-
fumer, the fancy goods shop or Vienna warehouse, the grocer and
Italian warehouseman, nor the wine-merchant had not established
There
themselves. There were few churches and fewer schools.
and unlettered, and the rising generation were even worse than their
were no dancing masters and no gymnasts. The people were rude
fathers, who had had at least the benefit in early youth of being
brought up under the influence of an advanced civilization. Neces-
could not be sent off to Montreal, Quebec, or New York, for the
sarily, the young men growing up in the village of Bytown, who
means of education, became roughs. They were being brought up,
or rather, were growing up, as it were, beyond the influences of
civilization, and their manners were such as might be expected from
such training. They had little respect for the fifth commandment.
They anathematized horribly, and lewd ideas suggested beastly
language. The farmers' sons were contaminated by the Shiners,'
and the Shiners' were not improved by young men, whose know-
ledge scarcely extended to the ten commandments, and whose fear of
the law was only excited by the presence of an itinerant magistrate,
while the abuse of justice by some political charlatan combining the
office of storekeeper and justice of the peace became simply a
matter of ridicule. The ministers of religion, when they appeared,
were objects of aversion rather than of respect. Horse-racing took
place on the Sabbath. The mob estimated crime and punished it.
One fellow cut off the ears of his neighbour's horse or shaved its tail.
A mob cut off the scoundrel's own ears, or threw him violently over
the Sappers' Bridge. Political feeling, so late as twenty years ago,
ran high,' uncontrolled by moral principle. Religionists were
intolerant of each other. Roman Catholic was arrayed against
Protestant, and Protestant against Roman Catholic.
creeds, setting aside the precepts of that religion, the cause of which
each pretended to espouse, came frequently into contact. There
were fights as between the different tribes of Israel in David's time.
The champions of Protestantism and of Romanism fought sometimes
with sticks, sometimes with stones, and sometimes with fire-arms. It
was dangerous for a resident of Wellington Street, twenty years ago,
on some occasions, to pass the Sappers' Bridge. It would have been
equally dangerous for a resident of Church Street to have crossed
that celebrated structure and pass westward on the 5th of November.
There was neither toleration nor good feeling. There was, indeed,
scarcely order at any time, and, at all times, order was liable to

violent interruptions.

The two

"All this has been altered, as if by magic. Now there are schools, the buildings being good, and the teachers being men of high education, of talent, and of character. Now there are Bishops of the Church of England, and Church of Rome, and eminent preachers of the Gospel in the Presbyterian, Methodist, and Congregationalist churches. Now there are Young Men's Christian Associations, an improved police, a respectable magistracy, agreeable and instructive public entertainments, and that degree of civilization among all classes of the people which the presence of education on an extensive scale invariably produces. Crime, or that rudeness which is almost criminal without positively being so, no longer stalks abroad, feared and detested, but still unrebuked. It is not to be expected that an uncultured boor could to-day insolently ask a commanding officer of Royal Engineers to become cook to a wood-smack, and receive the reply given by Colonel By to the ruffian who had so insulted him, amounting to that inadvertently given by a Venerable Principal of the University of Glasgow, to a persistent dun, who had rudely accosted him in the street-ite ad infernam!' All classes of the people are being more or less influenced by the great change which has come over Ottawa since the advent of the seat of Government. Fine shops, vieing with those of Montreal or New York, in the character of their goods have sprung up; societies for the improvement of knowledge in literature and science have been instituted; agreeable promenades have been constructed; terraces of superior dwellings have taken the place of wooden buildings without eavestroughs, or water-spouts; and all the banks are doing business in elegant and substantial stone structures. The hotels are of the first class, so far as management is concerned, and Ottawa now, indeed, affords enough of comforts for both man and beast.'

The Scottish Branch of the Norman House of Roger. By the Rev.
Charles Rogers, LL.D., F.S.A., Scot Historiographer to the Histo-
rical Society. One hundred copies printed for private circulation.
London: 1872.

THIS small volume may properly take its place among the fictions of
genealogy. It is what may be aptly termed a genealogical "Hotch-
pot," a confused mixture or general jumble of incongruous impossi-
bilities. The facts taken separately, most of them are accurate
dignifies with the imposing title of the Scottish Branch of the
enough, but their relation to each other is neither apparent nor
capable of proof. Of the family which the Reverend Historiographer
Norman House of Roger," the first authentic notice is found in 1562.
All beyond this-viewed in relation to the portioners of Coupargrange
and their descendants-is pure myth. In the Edinburgh Commissariat
Register, deposited in the General Register House, is a transcript of
the will and an inventory of "the guidis geir soumis of money and
debtis pertaining to umquhil William Roger, in Couper Grange in

Angus, the time of his decease, quha deceasit in the month of Junij,
the year of God 1562 years." This individual was a tenant-farmer,
paying an annual rent of 22/. 11s. 10d. Scots to the Cistercian Abbey
of Coupar. His son, William Roger, became the first portioner of
Coupargrange, and from this time downward, with the exceptions
presently to be noted, it is only fair to confess that we have verified
the pedigree and found it correct. The exceptions are that our author,
apparently with the view of substantiating his own claim as the
"Head and Representative" of this supposititious "Norman
House," omits all mention of the elder son of William Roger, the
last portioner of Coupargrange, whose descendants are still living.
Our author, Dr. Roger-who prints his publications under the
assumed name of Rogers-also makes an unsupported statement in
regard to the parentage of Bailie William Roger, the founder of a
bequest called "Roger's Mortification." If this William Roger was
the son of George Roger of the pedigree (of which there is not a
tittle of evidence), it is an obvious impossibility that the assumed
father of William could have been the brother of the first por-
tioner, inasmuch as that the will of Bailie William Roger, which is
still extant, goes to show that at the death of the latter his next of
kin or nearest living heir male was "Thomas Roger in Lioch, in the
parish of Auchterhouse," whose name is not even mentioned among
the multiform ingredients of this extraordinary compilation. Thomas
Roger is described in the will of Bailie William Roger as his
"cousin-german," a circumstance wholly subversive of the statement
set forth by Dr. Roger. Our author makes a difficulty as to the armo-
rial bearings of this so-called Norman House of Roger, which by his
account have not been ascertained, and, as we think, never will. He
ignores the fact which is patent to every one at all conversant with
the subject, that there were at one time several families of the sur-
name of Roger in North Britain in no way connected, and with
armorial bearings radically distinct. Of the truth of this statement
our author may satisfy himself by reference to the MSS. of Workman
and Pont (transcripts of which may be consulted in the Lyon Office,
at Edinburgh), and to the well-known System of Heraldry, by
Alexander Nisbet. It is a pity that this voluminous writer should
waste his industry on matters which he plainly does not understand.
Preparing for immediate publication, A Rudimentary Dictionary of
Universal Philology (Hall & Co.), of which the following may be
taken as a specimen:-

Abenaki or Abenaqui-A dialect of the Algonkin race of N.
American Indians: originally located in Nova Scotia and Maine,
they have since receded S. of the St. Lawrence, between St. John's,
New Brunswick, and R. Richelieu, Canada.

Abiponian-A native dialect of S. America, vernacular on the eastern Andes.

Abor-A dialect spoken by a hill tribe on the South-eastern boundary of Thibet.

Absne-A name for the ancient Abasci, now represented by Abascia, or Abgah, a country of Asiatic Russia, lying between the Caspian and Black Seas. The modern word ABSNE, is called Abkhazi by the Georgians; with the termival_eti for "land," it is Abkhazeti, and extends from Soukum-kale to Jennikale.

Abyssinian-see Amharic.

Accaway-A dialect of native S. American, belonging to the CARIB

group.

Accra or Accrah-A language of native African, spoken by a small
nation on the Gold coast; it is sometimes designated the Ghah, and
the people are supposed to be descended from the Ghahnah, anciently
so called. Ghana, or Gana, is a city, governed by a Sultaun, near the
course of the Niger, here called Neel-il-Abeed, or Nile of the
Negroes.
Achagua-A dialect of native S. American, vernacular on the R.
Orinco; and closely allied to MAIPUR.
Acoma-A dialect of native N. American. It is one of the dialects
spoken by the Pueblo Indians on the R. Grande.

Adaiel-A dialect of ETHIOPIC, allied to DANAKIL.
Adaihe or Adaihi-A dialect of native N. American.
Adampi-A native African dialect, closely resembling Accra,
vernacular on the Gold coast, W. Africa.
Adelaide-A variety of native AUSTRALIAN, formerly vernacular at
Adelaide, S. Australia; it differs but little from other dialects of the
Gulf of St. Vincent.

Adige-A name for the CIRCASSIAN.

Adiyah-Otherwise FERNANDIAN; the language of Fernando Po, an island on the W. coast of Africa, near the mouths of the Niger. Ethiopic under E.

Afghan, see Pushtoo.

African-A name for all native dialects of Africa, not directly SEMITIC.

Afudu-A native African dialect belonging to the same group as the KAFFIR, vernacular on the Gaboon, W. Africa.

Agau or Agaw-A name for various dialects spoken in the province of Lasta, called Agawmidr, ie, Agawland; the native term is Aghagha.

Agglutinative-A name applied to certain languages, when words, brought into mutual relation by syntax, undergo a change of form, accent or meaning: the COPTIC, for example, is considered as essentially agglutinative. The American agglutinative languages are called polysynthetic.

Ahom-A nearly extinct dialect of Siamese, monosyllabic in form, and appears to have been transported by emigration from the borders of China. Aiawong-A dialect of native Australian belonging to the W.

coast.

Aimara-A dialect of the Indians of S. America, largely aug mented by Spanish; the natives were subject to the Incas of Peru, at the Conquest, and now inhabit the high ground near Lake Titicaca or Chucuito. They are closely allied to the Quichua or native Peruvians.

Notices to Correspondents.

Correspondents who reply to queries would oblige by referring to the volume and page where such queries are to be found. To omit this gives us unnecessary trouble. A few of our correspondents are slow to comprehend that it is desirable to give not only the reference to the query itself, but that such reference should also include all previous replies. Thus a reply given to a query propounded at Vol. ini., page 4, to which a previous reply had been given at page 20, and another at page 32, requires to be set down (Vol. iii. 4, 20, 32). F. Fitzgerald-You are mistaken in supposing that the British General, Sir John Moore, was a native Irishman. This distinguished soldier was the son of Dr. Moore, physician to the Duke of Hamilton, and one of the professors of the University of Glasgow. General Moore's paternal grandfather was a Scotch parish minister, and his family, from time immemorial, had been connected with North Britain. General Moore's remains were interred in the citadel of Corunna, where a simple memorial was erected over the spot. X. B.-It was Mungo Park who said, "A man may persevere in a wrong direction."

Colonist.-D'Arcy McGee was member for West Montreal. He was shot dead on the morning of the 7th of April, 1868, on his way to his lodgings. A tablet was inserted in the wall of the house at the spot where he fell; but the house has since been destroyed by fire. T. Robinson. You will find a "Roo-Barge" figured at page 75 (Appendix) of Montagu's Guide to the Study of Heraldry. J. Neil-The old motto of the Johnstones of Annandale was "Light thieves all," originally the war-cry of Johnston, who was Warden of the Marches; the meaning of this was "Alight from your horses and surrender;" but being liable to much misconception when used as a motto, it was exchanged for the perfectly unobjectionable one of Nunquam non paratus.

Herald. The broom, or planta-genista, was introduced as a royal badge by Henry II. This monarch also used an escarbuncle of gold, an ancient mark of the house of Anjou. Royal badges appear to have been discontinued in the time of James I. The slughorn of the Mackenzies was "Tullochdar."

German who wrote on heraldry; but it is the Insignium Theoria seu C. C.-George Philip Harsdorfer, of Nuremberg, was the first seventeenth century, to which most of the other German writers are Operis Heraldici of Philip Jacob Spener, who wrote at the end of the indebted for their information.

7. Can you adduce documentary evidence to prove a previous foundation? We cannot undertake to return communications which for any reason we do not print.

C. C. B.-" Edward Waterhous, Esq.," was the writer of A Discourse and Defence of Arms and Armory. London, 1660.

D. B., Peterboro.-The sect of "Dunkers" arose about the first quarter of the eighteenth century (we think 1724). Their chief tenet is the mortification of the body. They deny the eternity of future punishment. They are said to dress like the Dominician friars, and to live chiefly on roots. The Brownists were the followers of Robert Brown, at one time a clergyman of the Church of England, who lived about the year 1600. He died in Northampton gaol in 1630. He is said to have boasted in having been committed to thirty-two prisons.

Novice. The person who draws a bill is called the drawer, he who accepts, the drawee or acceptor. A draft ceases to be a draft the moment it is accepted. It then becomes an acceptance. It is incorrect to say "My draft" to so and so, for so much falls due on such and such a date. The correct form of expression is "My acceptance," &c. The ignorance exhibited by many practical men of business in relation to such matters is surprising. Practically if a man once puts his name to a bill there is no getting out of the transaction without paying.

7. B. (Liverpool).-The first "surname of the second line of our reply to you in our last issue should be sirname. The sentence ought to be read, "Sirname was the name of the sire or progenitor,"

&C.

C. C.-Lord Dalhousie was Governor of Canada about the year 1823 or 1824.

B. D.-A man marrying an heiress, according to ancient practice, might either impale her arms with his own or bear them on an escutcheon of pretence.

NOTICE.

We shall be glad to receive contributions from competent and capable persons accomplished in literature or skilled in archæology, and generally from any intelligent reader who may be in possession of facts, historical or otherwise, likely to be of general interest.

To all communications should be affixed the name and address of the sender; not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. Communications for the Editor should be addressed to the Pubis hing Office, 11, Ave Maria-lane, E.C.

LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1873.

CONTENTS.-No. 49.

which Mr. Growse suggests, without separating the words, which is of course the greatest difficulty.

We are not aware that the following extract from the Delhi Gazette, of October last, has been given in any of the home periodicals :

MISCELLANEA:-Indian Archaeology, &c., 61-Discovery of Ancient Coins-Bengal Asiatic Society-White and Black Yajur Vedas -Archeology in Bombay Presidency-Chess-A Lake Legend "DISCOVERY OF ANCIENT COINS.-About a month and of the Central Provinces, East Indies-Lockit Buik of the Bur- a half ago, some of the villagers of Sonpat, while digging gesses of Dundee, 62-Professor Westwood's Collection of Cast-out a ruin in the vicinity of an old tank, discovered an ings of Carved Ivories, 63-The Art of Painting, 64. NOTES:-Archæological Notes on Faversham Church, 64-Popular in weight-" of silver coin. The earthen pot was buried earthen pot, containing three sérs and a half”-seven pounds Rhymes-Domum Tree at Winchester-Wedding CustomsTaking him down a Peg-Extracts from Parish Registers, &c. about seven feet under ground; the coins at the bottom of Rounce; Rouncie; Rouncy-Chaucer's Horses and their Riders the pot were completely defaced by corrosion, though nearly The Emperor Valentinian-Essex House, Putney-Garraway's three-fourths of its contents were in a very good state of Coffee House-The Coins of the Bacbian Family-Folk Lore-preservation. On examination the coins were found to beQUERIES:-Topographical Queries, 69-Formula of LL.D.-St. long to Græco-Bactrian kings. The coins of Meander are Margaret's-at-Cliff, Kent Savages in Heraldry-The Dukedom certainly more numerous than those of any other king, though of Roussillon-Singular Property Conveyance Maelstrom- by far the best impressions are on the coins of the King PhiHeraldic Badges (?)-The Brassett Family. loxenus. REPLIES:-Glasgow Arms, 70-Tulchane Bishop-"There's a Spirit coins have been deciphered :-Meander, Philoxenus, DiomeThe following are the names of the kings whose Above," &c.-Folk Lore-Tirling at the Pin-Book Inscription des, Antialkider, Apollodotus, Hermæus, Helicales, Heaton, Antemachus, and Kaikalliope. A description of the coins and the circumstances of their discovery is being prepared for the London Academy.

SS. Crispin and Crispinian-Notes on Old Kentish Mansions.

-Popular Rhymes-Songaign.

FACTS AND JOTTINGS, 71.

OBITUARY, 72.

NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS, 72.

Miscellanea.

INDIAN ARCHEOLOGY, &c.

By the courtesy of Professor Max Müller, to whom our best thanks are due, we are enabled to give some extracts from the Indian Antiquary, published at Bombay, an excellent monthly publication, which we should wish to see better known at home. We are glad to find that it is ably supported by contributions from the best men in India.

BENGAL ASIATIC SOCIETY. At a meeting of the society, Captain W. L. Samuels, Assistant Commissioner, Manchum, read a paper on the legend of Bâghesar, current among certain clans of gonds, descended from a family of five brothers, named Kûsrû, Sívrí, Markám, Netia, Sársún, that once upon a time a tiger cub was born to Kûsrû. As ing predatory animals from its father's crops, and in conit grew up, the young tiger made itself very useful in keepsequence the greatest affection existed between them. To Kúsrú's intense grief the cub died, but shortly afterwards his wife gave birth to a daughter, who in due time became marriageable. The marriage ceremonies had been completed, and the party were about to enjoy themselves with feasting and dancing, when suddenly a frightful sound is heard proceeding from one of the company who had become possessed with a demon. On interrogation by an exorcist the demon is recognised by Kûsrû to be the spirit of his lost tiger-son. The demoniac is appeased with the sacrifice of a live kid, which he tears in pieces after the man

PUBLICATION OF CHAND.-Mr. Growse, during the latter part of the rainy season of 1871, had begun an edition of Chand, founded on the Agra MS., when his attention was directed to the Baidla MS., as the only one "which the noble families of Rájputána considered to be of any authority." Finding he would be unable to do anything towards preparing it for the press before March or April, 1873, hener of a tiger, and after being presented with three cupfuls wrote a letter to the Secretary of the Bengal Asiatic Society, from which we extract the following:

of liquor and some mouthfuls of fine glú (melted butter), disappears. The appearance is considered a most happy "I am convinced that in an editio princeps of a work of omen, and Kúsrú's tiger-son is henceforth deified, and this peculiar nature, which is mainly interesting to the phi- worshipped under the name of Baghesar by the five clans. lologist, it is imperative on an editor, having once secured a To this day among the descendants of the five brothers, durgood MS., to adhere to its ipsissima verba, without the slight-ing their marriage ceremonies it is usual for one or two of est attempt at alteration or correction. If I continue editor, those present, generally the officiating priest and a looker I shall simply make a faithful transcript of the Baidla MS., on, to feign possessed with the soul of a tiger, and tear in adding at the foot of the page the various readings which I pieces a live kid. The demons are afterwards appeased by find in the Agra copy. Now such a task, though laborious, the bride's father with an offering of three cupfuls of liquor is purely mechanical, requires no special knowledge, and and a mouthful of glú. No marriage ceremony in these five can be equally well performed by any one who can read the clans is considered complete without the appearance of character. I would therefore suggest to the Philological Baghesar and the attendant rites. Committee the desirability of having the two MSS. sent down to Calcutta, and there made over to a native writer without engaging any regular editor, but simply having some trustworthy corrector of the press to add the varia lectiones, and compare the proofs with the MSS. I

am convinced that the adoption of the plan I have suggested above will obviate all cause for delay, and secure a result in all respects as satisfactory as if the work had remained under my supervision."

The philological committee has resolved to recommend to the council of the society, "that for the present the edition of Chand be deferred; but they have recommended also, that on the receipt of the Baidla and Agra MSS. a sum of about Rs. 200 be devoted to the collation of both MSS." The committee do not think that it would be of much use to print any portion of the Chand in the manner

WHITE AND BLACK YAJUR VEDAS.-It is worth noticing that the followers of the Black Yajur Veda are almost confined to Southern India, while the predominant or only Veda among the Gaudas of the North is the White Yajur. The Gujarat people have got a trace of one Sakha only of the former, the Maitrayaniya among the Marathas; the Chitpávana Brahmans are nearly equally divided between the Rig Veda and the Black Yajur Veda; while the Des'asthas are Vajusaneyins (followers of the White) and Rig Vedis. Whether this is to be accounted for by a revolution or some such event, enabling the followers of the White Veda to drive their rivals to the South, or by the supposition of that part of India being the country of the origin of the Black Yajur, is not determined. But there is a prophecy in the Agni Purôna, which represents the White Yajur Veda as a conquering or triumphant Veda, saying that the only Veda

that will prevail in the latter part of the Kaliyuga will be the Vajasenayaka; all others being lost, and the purohita, or priest of Kalki, the king that will overthrow the Mlechchhas, who will overthrow the earth, will be Yajnavolkya. This latter part of the prophecy occurs in other Puranas also. Yajnaal Vkya is the founder or first teacher of the White Yajur Veda.

WE learn that the well-known Mûmônsâ text-book, the Jaiminiya-Nyaya-Mala Vistara, of which 400 pages in large quarto were completed by Dr. Goldstücker, will be completed by E. B. Cowill, Professor of Sanskrit in the University of Cambridge.

THE photo-lithographic fac-simile edition of the celebrated commentary by Pankanjali on Sanskrit grammar, entitled the Mahabhashya, which the same worthy and much lamented scholar had in hand, has only advanced to the 300th page, i.e. only one-half of the book has as yet been executed. Whether this will be completed remains to be seen. As the writing is very small, the exertion required for editing is almost too much for the eyes, and therefore, we have considerable doubts about its rapid completion. Should the work be published we understand that the price will be Rs. 500, which will of necessity place it beyond the reach of most scholars.

ARCHEOLOGY IN BOMBAY PRESIDENCY.-From the Administration Report for 1870-71:-The materials collected from an examination of the ancient temple of Ambarnoth, by the party of artists sent to that place in 1868, and mentioned in the Administration Report of that year, have been utilized. Six sets of the casts and photographs of the temple have been completed, and one set of architectural drawings made. One of each of the former and the single set of the drawings were sent to England for the last International Exhibition, to be eventually handed over to the Secretary of State for India. Out of the remaining photographs and casts, two sets have been ordered to be sent to England and one to each of the museums at Calcutta and Madras. It has been proposed to cause copies of the architectural drawings to be made in England, by the carbon or other process, for distribution among learned persons, and institutions, and museums.

CHESS.-The Burmese game of chess differs slightly from the European game, but only where the Europeans have altered it since they received it from the east, for it was brought into Western Europe by the Crusaders, who appear to have altered the Burmese horses" to "knights," and chariots" to "castles," as now found in the European game. The Burmese name checturin has been defined "the chief ruler, a leader of an army," which is not quite correct. The name is derived from the Pali or Sanskrit, chathu, "four" and enga, "a member," i.e., "the four members (of an army), elephants, chariots, cavalry, and infantry; and it is the same name dragged through Persian and Arabic which appears in the English word chess, which Webster refers to the French. The "rook" of the English game is the same word as the ratha of the Burmese, being the Pali or Sanskrit for a chariot.-Dr. F. Mason, "A Working Man's Life." A LAKE LEGEND OF THE CENTRAL PROVINCES, EAST INDIES.-Lake Taroba, in the Chanda district, situated 14 miles east of Segaon, in the basin of the Chimar hills, at a considerable height above the plain, is believed by the natives of the surrounding country to owe its origin to enchantment. It is far from any village, and though artificially embanked at one point, has all the appearance of a natural lake. Its depth is very great, and the wateris considered to be of peculiar excellence. In the early ages, so runs the legend, a marriage procession of Gavalis was passing these hills from the west. Hot and thirsty they sought for water but found none, when a strange-looking man suggested that the bride and bridegroom should join in digging for a spring. Laughingly they consented, and with the removal

of a few spadesful of earth, a clear fountain leapt to the surface. While all were delightedly drinking, the freed waters rose and spread into a wide lake, overwhelming bride, bridegroom, and procession; but fairy hands soon constructed a temple in the depths, where the spirits of the drowned are supposed to dwell. Afterwards on the lakeside a palm tree grew up, which only appeared during the day, sinking into the earth at twilight. One morning a borne into the skies. The palm then shrivelled into dust, rash pilgrim seated himself upon the tree-top, and was and in its place appeared an image of the spirit of the lake, which is worshipped under the name of Taroba. Formerly at the call of pilgrims, all necessary vessels rose from the lake, and after being used were washed and returned to the waters. But at last an evil-minded man took those he had received to his home; they quickly vanished, and from that day the mystic provision wholly ceased. In quiet nights the country-folk still hear faint sounds of drum and trumpet passing round the lake. The old men say that in one dry year, when the waters sank low, golden pinnacles of the fairy temple were seen glittering in the depths. The lake is much visited, especially during the months of December and January; and the rights of the god are performed by a Gond. Wives seek its waters for their supposed virtue in causing fertility, and sick persons for health. Fish in the lake grow to a large size, the skeleton of one which was stranded some years ago measuring eight feet in length.

LOCKIT BUIK OF THE BURGESSES OF DUNDEE.(Continued from page 31.)

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aucht lib

Twelf ss and

and furth of ye samyn land to the Hospitall zeirlie
To ye gray freiris zeirlie

fyve ss
(58) Item furth of the foirsaid land of Thomas Annand
quhilk sumtyme pertenit to James Scrymgeor havand on ye
est the land of Alex annand To the said Chaiplanrie of
Sanct Agatha zeirlie
fyve merkis

(59) Item furth of ye said Alex Annandis Land foirsaid quhilk sumtyme pertenit to John Bell Lyand on ye west syid of ye Turnpeck to Sanct Androws Chaiplanrie zeirlie for ss vid and furth of ye said Alex Annandis land Lyand on ye east syid of ye said Turnpeck To the Choristaris zeirlie

Ten ss

Co) Item furth of ye land of Masie Watsoun Lyand on ye (orth syid of Argyllis gaitt Betuix ye land of Dauid Spankie on ye east and the land of James Duncan on the west pairtis to ye Choristaris zeirlie fourtie ss (61) Item furth of ye Said David Spankie's land foirsaid haiffand on ye East the land of Dauid Scrymgeor of fordy to the Chaiplanrie of Sanct Saluator zeirlie

Ten ss

foure lib ellewine ss iiiid (62) Item furth of ye said Dauid Scrymgeor of fordie his land foir said havand on ye east the land of ye airis of vmqle James myln to ye choristaris zeirlie (63) Item furth of ye land of Dauid Ramesay zounger baxter Lyand On ye south syid of Argyllis gaitt Betuix ye land of Dauid Tendell on ye east and ye mid Kirkstyll on ye west pairtis to the Hospitall zeirlie (64) Item furth of ye land of Dauid Ramesay elder baxter Lyand on ye north syid of Argyllis gaitt Betuix ye land of James Man on ye east and the land of James mylnis airis on ye west pairtis To the choristaris zeirlie

aucht lib

Twelf ss

(65) Item furth of ye land of ye Said James man foirsaid
Suma huius pag: xxxi lb xviii ss iid
havand on ye east the land of ye airis of vmqle Alex Maille
To the Choristaris zeirlie
fyve ss iiid
(66) Item furth of ye land of Johne Baxter Lyand on ye
east side of ye buriall Wynd betuix ye land of James Craill