. Lewis, who was equerry to Queen Anne, aid-de-camp to the duke of Marl borough, and was killed in the battle of Schellenberg, in the 22d year of his age, Oct. 30, 1704.

2. Theophilus, who was aid-de-camp to the duke of Ormond, died before 1738, without children.

3. James-Edward, the fubject of this

account.

4. Henrietta Maria.

fhould have fo long remained unpunished, in a country where (happily) the law is fuperior to power. The good effects of this interpofition have been felt ever fince by the unhappy prifoners.

In 1732 he took an active lead in the fettlement of Georgia, to which he went as governor; and engaging in it with that ardour which marked all his under takings, he fucceeded, after encountering innumerable hardships and difficulties.

6. Mary.

7. Frances-Charlotte.

The five eldeft of them were born in St. James's houfe; and two of the daughters were in the court of King James's queen at St. Germain, and married men of the first rank in France. The marquis of Bellegrade is defcended from one of them, and, the general having no child, the Marquis is fupposed to be his heir.

The general entered early into the ar my, having a captain-lieutenant's commiffion in the first troop of the Queen's grenadiers, 1715, as appears by Thoreby's Leeds, p. 255. He had the rank of colonel, Aug. 25, 1737; of majorgeneral, March 30, 1745; of lieutenantgeneral, Sept. 13, 1747; and of general, Feb. 22, 1765.

He was chofen member of parliament for Haslemere in Surrey at the general election in 1722, and continued to reprefent that borough till 1754; after which he lived a retired life, in fummer at Cranham-hall (the feat of his lady, whom he married in 1754, and who was Elizabeth Wrighte, an heirefs of an elder branch of the lord-keeper Wrighte's family); in the winter he came to town.

In 1729 he engaged in the generous enquiry into the fate of the gaols, on finding a gentleman whom he went to vifit in the Fleet loaded with irons, and ufed in the most barbarous manner. He was chairman of the committee appointed by the House of Commons to make this enquiry, on which fuch facts came out as were thocking to humanity. 1: teemed incredible that fuch infamous oppietlions

In the hall of this old manfion, built about the end of James the Fuifl's reign on a' pleafing ring ground, is a very fine whole length picture of Mr. Nathan Wright, a conderable Spanish merchant in the beginning of Charles the Firft's time, who refided long in that country, by Antonio Arias, au eminent painter of Madrid; and the more curious, as perhaps there is not another picture that abi mafier in England.

fums of his private fortune, which, I believe, were never repaid. In 1734 he returned to England, when he was chofen a deputy-governor of the African Company, and the next year carried back with him to Georgia Mr. John and Mr. Charles Wesley, who went with the pious intention of inftructing the Indians. He made another voyage to England, raised a regiment to carry over, permitting every man to take a wife with him, and returned with this reg. in 1738. He had great difficulties thrown in his way, as well from the Spaniards, who watched him with a very jealous eye, as from the mifmanagement of thofe he was obliged to intruft, and from the want of fupplies from home; the latter occafioned an attempt to affaffinate him, and a mutiny, which he quelled by his perfonal courage and conduct. In 1740 he attacked the Spaniards, took two fmall forts, and be ficged St. Auguftine, but without fuccefs. In 1742 the Spaniards attacked the new fettlement, but wese repulfed by him; and in 1743 he came home. On his return his lieutenant-colonel exhibited feveral charges against him, which being all found to be falle, the accuter was broke.

In 1745 he was with the duke of Cumberland in the north, which was the laft of his military expeditions.

Remarkable for his auftemioufnefs, he enjoyed good health; and, fuch was his activity, that to the last he would outwalk younger perfons.

If he indulged himself in a fort of garrulity, it was that of one, who havng read and feen much, with much his knowledge; and, few who attended oblervation, was willing to communicate to him, did to without receiving information.

Ilis private benevolence was great. The families of his tenants and depenents were fure of his athilance wh lft they deferved it; and he has frequently fupported a tenant whofe trustion, was doubtful, not merely by forbearing to

ak

HA

AVING taken a trip to Tunbridge Wells, where the gamefters ftript her of 2001, and left her with a coach and fix to make her way to town penny lefs; the had taken notice of a genteellooking lad, though in rags, who waited upon a poor mufician who lived oppofite to her. She ordered a perfon to enquire whether the boy wanted a place? Being almoft ftarved for want of food, and poi foned with dirt, the youth readily anfwered, "that he should be glad to leave his prefent fituation." When he came, the found that he was of Bruges in Flanders, which was all the intelligence relative to his hiftory the fervants could get out of him; but there was fomething fo distinguished in his manner and behavi our, that, notwithstanding the had engaged him to do the drudgery of the houfe, her own man and he thared it be tween them as it cafually offered. "The boy had not been long with me," fays the," before he fhewed his gratitude for the comfortable exchange I had offered him, by the moft alert industry and ferupulous attention to my wifhes: and to fuch a height did he carry his zeal to pleafe me, that he seemed almost to pay me divine honours.

"One morning I was informed that a foreign gentle an wanted to fee me. Being fhewn in, he requested to know,

whether I had not a youth in my fervive

whole name was Peter? On my anfwering, that I had, he exclaimed with trans port, Then, thank God, I have found ny fon!' The agitation of the franger on receiving this affurance, and my furprize at fo unexpected an event, occafi oned a filente for fome time. In the interim Peter entered the room, leading in my little boy, with whom he had been taking a walk. Upon feeing his father he dropped upon the floor in a ftate of infenfibility; and it was not without fome difficulty that he was brought to himself. When he was a little recovered, his father affured him of his torgivenefs, telling him alfo, that his companion was living; upon which the boy's face brightened up, and falling upon his knees, he cried with great fervency, Thank God! thank God! This exclaination exciting

curiofity, begged the gentleman to explain to me the cause of the leere I had juit been a witnefs to. He replied, that

I will do with the greatest readiness. Madam, I am a wine-merchant of Bruges; my fon, whom you fee before you, had a quarrel with his favourite fchoolfellow at the time he was about twelve years of age, in which he received a blow, Enraged at the affront, he plunged a knife, which he unfortunately had in his hand, into the bofom of the lad that had ftruck him. Shocked at the deed that he had juft committed, and apprehenfive of falling into the hands of juf tice, he fled; and all the enquiries I have made after him, during fix years, have been till now ineffectual. Some business calling me to England, a townfman of mine informed me yesterday, that he had feen my fon Peter go into a house in Frith-treet. His information was the means of my paying you this vifit, Madam, and has restored to me my child' Though I was concerned at loting a fervant who had been fo faithful to me, and had fhewn me fo much refpect and attention; yet I could not help being pleased that his father had difcovered him, and that he would now be removed to a fitu . ation more eligible than that of fervitude. In a fhort time he left me, with a mind deeply impreffed with gratitude; and his father gave me a preffing invitation to pay him a vifit if ever I fhould travel through Flanders; which fome years after I did, and he made my fhort stay as agreeable to me as he could.

THE firft of Mr. Hunt's queries, p. 36,

may be very well anfwered from an ingenious little tract, called, Jupiter and Saturn," (noticed in your vol. LII. p. 539, foon after its firft publication.)

"Jupiter, the largest and most beautiful planet in our fyftem (Venus except ed) is near 1000 times as large as the earth, and performs one revolution in less than 10 hours!

"This wittnels of diurnal motion draws his clouds and vapours into ftreaks or lines over his equatorial parts, torni ing, what we are about to mention, his Belts. Five of thefe ftreaks were formerly observed; but our improved tele fcopes now difcover many more, as an aflemblage of long clouds."

Yours, ABDOLONYMUS.

are found a vaft number of bones, of a very large fize, difperfed about in the greateft diforder. They confift of teeth, jaw-bones, ribs, fpinal vertebræ, the os pubis, hip-bones, tibia, &c. not at all petrified, but in their natural ftate, only fomewhat decompofed by the depredations of time. They are found in a fpace nearly three ells in depth, and about forty fathoms in length. I called -together fome boors that were at work at a distance, and gave them a few copeeks for digging a couple of arfhines in depth (i. e. four feet and a half) farther up on the bank of the river; but nothing of the kind appeared. And, from repeated trials made by others, we may conclude, that not the lighteft vef tige of fimilar bones is to be perceived either above or below the before-mentioned part of the river. Now, how has it come to pafs that thefe bones have been accumulated and circumfcribed within fo fall a fpace of ground? By what fingular event has this fpot been made the receptacle of fo enormous a quantity? What man foever, that has feen the skeletons of elephants, would hesitate a moment to pronounce, that thefe bones at Kaftinfkoi are the bones of that animal? The like are found in different parts of Ruffia, and efpecially in Siberia. And it is above all things to be remarked, that they are commonly, not to fay always, found on the very brink of rivers.

We often meet with difficulties that throw a damp on all enquiry, and feem immediately to trike us as beyond the umoft efforts of the human mind to folve. There are others which fecin to follicit our refearch, by affording feveral data from whence we may fet out. From what I have laid down above, the prefent feems to be of the latter kind; and your readers will probably be more inclined to agree with me, when they have perufed what I have to offer them on the funject. Such reafonable conclutions as any of them will pleafe to draw, I fhall be glad to fee; and, having all circumfances faithfully laid before them, they will be as well enabled to reafon on the matter as if they were upon the fpot. We are fo used to the difcuffion, that it grows vapid on our hands; therefore thofe to whom it comes with the attractions of novelty are now moft likely to hit upon a true folution.

The question that prefents itfelf at fetting out is: Are we to attribute the

appearance of fuch foffil bones in thefe parts to fome general revolution our globe has undergone in times extremely remote; or to fome particular and local event? It is very poffible that these of the Don, and thofe of Siberia, may have heen produced by the fame caufe. Will it be allowed as probable, that great troops of elephants, forced by a certain imminent danger to leave their natal foil, were reduced to perish in fome country more or less remote, more or lefs to the north or to the fouth? When we confider the vicinity of Perfia, does not that idea come in aid of the fuggeftion as to the bones of elephants on the banks of the Don? And what shall hinder us then from fuppofing that other troops of thefe animals may have ventured farther to the north, where they found that death they endeavoured to avoid at home? That the banks of rivers should be their only cœmeteries, may be explained from the ravages occafioned by inundations, which may have left their carcafes in these spots.

Those whom these fuppofitions do not fatisfy, may tell us, that a number of things are ftill wanting towards enabling us to form any judgement on the origin of thofe heaps of bones daily discovered in the bowels of the earth. It weremuch to be wifhed, that fome active and ingenious naturalift would collect together all the particulars that have from time to time been given on that fubject. But nothing appears to me more ftriking than the facts related by the Abbé Fortis, in his obfervations on the ifles of Cherfo and Ozero in the Adriatic. He defcribes two caverns in the former of those two ifles; and adds, that the fhores of Iftria afford a great number which are very fpacious. One of these two caverns is, properly fpeaking, comppled of three grottos, that communicate with each other. Their infide, from top to bottom, is between two beds of marble. In thefe are a quantity of bones, in a half-petrified tate, and connected together by a kind of ferruginous ochre, They lie in one of the deepest receffes of this fubterranean cave, two feet above the ground, and at the depth of thirty feet beneath the fuperficies of the mountain, which is all of marble. Thefe foffil-bones, of which other veftiges are met with on this ifle, are found fcattered along the whole of Dalmatia, as they are all over the ifle of Cherfo. They are the bones

af

of various terrestrial animals, fome broken, and fome entire. They are found in greatest quantities in vertical and horizontal gaps, and in the interstices of the beds of marble which conftitute the base of the hills of this ifle. Every parcel of thefe bones is enveloped in a coat of quartz and stalactes above a palm in thick nefs. The fubftance of these bones is calcined and fhining. As they are conftantly found in the ifle of Cherfo, in a ftony and martial earth; and as thefe beds of marble preferve a certain correfpondence with the fides of the cavern and the continent; we may fuppofe that these layers, alternately compoled of a stratum of marble and one of bones, agree with the northern shore of the Quarnaro, as far as the isles of the Archipelago and probably farther. At the Muftum Britannicum they fhew eno, nous jaw-bones with all their teeth, bones, and tusks fimilar to the bones and tufks of the largest elephants, all of them found in the earth on the banks of the river Ohio, and were fent to the Museum by the celebrated Dr. Franklin. Thefe bones have hardly changed their nature. As to the jaw-bones, they cerainly never did belong to elephants; the teeth of them are not difpofed in lamia, like those of that animal, but are of the nature of the teeth of carnivorous animals. They are attributed, till fomething better can be found out for them, to the mahmout, the existence whereof is totally deftitute of all probability.

In the cabinet of the Royal Society at London there is a large piece of the rock of Gibraltar, containing a great quantity of fragments of human bones; which, although they have not changed their nature, are perfectly inherent to the mass of the rock.

Mr. Thomas Falkner, in his defcription of the country of the Patagonians, relates, that a very large quantity of what to all appearance were human bones, of extraordinary magnitude, are found on the banks of the river of Carcarania or Tercero, 'at a little distance from the place where it falls into the Parana. They are of different fizes, and feem to have belonged to people of different ages. Mr. Falkner lays, "he has feen the bones called tibia, ribs, fternums, fragments of fculls, and particularly molar teeth, which are above three inches in diameter at the root. I am affured," adds he, "that the like bones are found on the banks of the Parana, Pa

raguay, and even in Peru."

When I paffed through Chirikova, a. bout thirty verfts from Simbirk, I was fhewn various bones of elephants, found in different parts upon the two fhores of the Sviaga. The inhabitants produce likewife feveral little works carved out of the tufk of one of these animals difcovered twenty-five years ago in the fame place, the ivory of which is very yellow. A much greater number of thefe bones, and even the fcull of an elephant, were dug up near Nagadkina, on the bank of the rivulet Birut, which runs into the Sviaga. The people here have made a number of little toys, &c. of the ivory found in these parts, which differs in no refpect whatever, and cannot be diftinguifhed, from the fineft ivory ever ufed. The point of the tufk, employed in thefe works, is the only part of it that is the leaft calcined, and began to exfoliate. But is it not to the laft degree aftonishing, that a bone should be preferved, in a hot climate, without undergoing the flightest alteration, thro an almoft infinite fucceffion of years?

It is pretended, that near the village of Nagadkina the remains of two ancient entrenchments ftill exist; and that, whenever the earth is turned up about them, they are fure to find a quantity of human bones. If this be true, tho I could learn nothing probable about it, it would occafion a fort of little triumph to fome authors, who are of opinion, that all thefe elephant-bones, found under ground in the different countries of the North, belonged to thofe animals that were brought by the armies that came on expeditions into thefe parts. But this opinion may be overturned by a host of reafons more triumphant ftill. And it is much more natural to carry back the origin of these remaius, fcattered even as far as the banks of the Frozen Sea, to revolutions much more remote, and of far greater importance, even fubverfive of the whole face of the globe we inhabit.

The opinions of naturalifts on the origin of these skeletons of exotic animals are very various. Some, with all poffible fubtilty and ingenuity, have advanced, that the climates of the earth have fucceffively changed their nature; and, that thofe which are at prefent cold, were hot a great number of ages ago. Others attribute it to the deluge. But perhaps there may be no neceffity for wandering fo far into the dark nefs of

antiquity.