2. Because the multitude have been suffered to remain too lõng rude and ignorant, every thing associated with their condition has been confounded with the circumstances of this condition. The multitude were, in their rudeness and ignorance, mean in the public estimation, and the labor of their hands was held to be mean too. 3. Nay, it has been said that labor is the result of God's primary curse, pronounced on man for his disobedience. But that is a great mistake. God told Adam that the ground was cursed for his sake; but not that his labor was cursed. He told him that in the sweat of his face he should eat his bread till he returned to the ground. But so far from labor partaking of the curse, it was given him as the means of triumphing over the curse. 4. The ground was to produce thorns and thistles, but labor was to extirpate' these thorns and thistles, and to cover the face of the earth with fruit-trees and bounteous harvests. And labor has done this : labor has already converted the earth, so far as its surface is concerned, from a wilderness into a paradise.3 5. Man eats his bread in the sweat of his face; but is there any bread so sweet as that, when he has only nature to contend with, and not the false arrangements of his fellow men? So far is labor from being a curse- -so far is it from being a disgrace —it is the věry principle which, like the winds of the air, or the agitation of the sea, keeps the world in health. It is the very life-blood of society, stirring in all its veins, and diffusing vigor and enjoyment through the whole system. 6. Without man's labor, God had created the world in vain! Without our labor, all life, except that of the rudèst and most savage kind, must perish. Arts, civilization, refinemènt, and religion must perish. Labor is the grand pedestal of God's blessings upon earth; it is mōre-like man and the world itself -it is the offspring and the work of God. 7. All honor then to labor, the offspring of Deity; the most ancient of ancients, sent forth by the Almighty into these nether* worlds as the most noble of nobles! Honor to that divine prin 1 Associated, (as so shỉ at ed), closely connected or joined with. Extirpate, (eks tår påt), to root out; destroy. 2 9 Păr'a dise, heaven; a place of great happiness. 4 Něth' er, situated down or be low; lower. ciple which has filled the earth with all the comforts, and joys, and af'fluence that it possesses, and is undoubtedly the instrument of happinèss wherever life is found. 8. Without labor, what is there? Without it, there were no world itself. Whatever we see or perceive-in heaven or on the earth-is the product of labor. The sky above us, the ground beneath us, the air we breathe, the sun, the moon, the stars-what are they? The product of labor. They are the labors of the Omnipotent, and all our labors are but a continuance of His. Our work is a divine work. We carry on what God began. 9. What a glorious spectacle is that of the labor of man upon the earth! It includes everything in it that is glorious. Look round, my friends, and tell me what you see that is worth seeing that is not the work of your hands, and of the hands of your fellows the multitude of all agès? 10. What is it that felled the ancient forests and cleared vast morasses' of other ages? That makes green fields smile in the sun, and corn, rustling in the breezes of heaven, whisper of plenty and domestic joy? What raised first the hut, and then the cottage, and then the palace? What filled all these with food and furniture-with food simple and also costly; with furniture of infinite variety, from the three-legged stool to the most magnificent cabinet' and the regal' throne? What made glass, and dyed it with all the hues of rainbows or of summer sunsets? What constructed presses and books, and filled up the walls of libraries, every inch of which contained a mass of latent light hoarded for the use of ages? 11. What took the hint from the split walnut-shell which some boy floated on the brook, and set on the flood first the boat, and then the ship, and has scattered these glorious children of man, the water-walking ships, over all the oceans of the world, and filled them with the prod'uce of all lands, and the machinery of profoundèst inventions? What has made the wide sea like a great city street, where merchants are going to and fro full of eager thoughts of self-accumulation, but not the less full of international blessings? 1 Mo rǎss' es, marshes; low, wet pieces of ground. Căb' in et, a piece of furniture consisting of a chest, drawers, and doors; a private room. 8 'Re' gal, belonging to a king; kingly. * International, (in ter nåsh ́un al), between nations; relating to two or more nations. 12. What has made the land like one great garden, laid down its roads that run like veins to every portion of the system of life, cut its canals, cast up its lines of railways, and driven along them, in fire and vapor, the awful but beneficial dragons of modern enterprise? What has piled up all our cities with their glittering and exhaustlèss wealth, their splendid utensils,' their paintings, their mechanic wonders, all serving domestic life, and its beloved fireside delights. Labor! labor! labor! It is labor, and your labor, men of the multitude, that has done it all! 13. True, the wise ones tell us that it is intellect' that has done it. And all honor to intellect! It is not I nor you, fellowworkers, who will attempt to rob the royal power of intellect of one iota of his renown. Intellect is also a glorious gift of the Divinity—a divine principle in the earth. We set intellect at the head of labor, and bid it lead the way to all wonders and discoveries; but we know that intellect can not go ălōne. Intellect can not separate itself from labor. 14. Intellect has also its labor; and in its most ab'stract' and ethereal' form can not develop itself without the coöperation of its twin-brother labor. When intellect exerts itself—when it thinks, and invents, and discovers-it then labors. Through the medium of labor it does all that it does; and upon labor it is perfectly dependent to carry out all its mechanical operations. Intellect is the head-labor the right hand. Take away the hand, and the head is a magazine of knowledge and fire that is sealed up in eternal darkness. Such are the relationships of labor and intellect. WILLIAM HOWITT. III. L 123. LABOR. ABOR is rest-from the sorrows that greet us; Rest from all petty vexations that meet us, 1 U tění sil, any article of which letter; a very small quantity. use is made; tools, etc. 'Abstract, pure; separate; diffi. 2 In' tel lect, the faculty of think- cult. Ing; the understanding. 'E the' re al, composed of ether; 3 Iota, (1 o'tå), the smallest Greek very thin; heavenly. Work-and pure slumbers shall wait on the pillow, 2. Labor is health! Lo the husbandman reaping, Temple and statue the marble block hides. 3. Droop not, though shame, sin, and anguish are round thee Let thy great deeds be thy prayer to thy God. 4. Pause not to dream of the future before us ; Unintermitting' goes up into Heaven! Never the ocean-wave falters in flowing; 5. "Labor is worship!"—the robin is singing, Speaks to thy soul from out nature's great heart. 1 Resolute, (rêz o lút), determined; firm to one's purpose. posed of silk threads, which, being unwound, form the silk which is 2 Stalwart, (stol' wort) brave; manufactured. bold; strong. Cocoon, (kō kön'), the silken ball in which the silk-worm confines itself before its change. It is com * Clŏd, a lump of earth. "Un`in ter mit' ting, ceaseless; without stopping. From the dark cloud flows the life-giving shower; Only man in the plan ever shrinks from his part. Keep the watch wound for the dark rust assailèth! Idle hearts only the dark future frightens ; Play the sweet keys, wouldst thou keep them in tune! FRANCES S. OSGOOD. SECTION XXVII. I. 124. AGRICULTURE.' PART FIRST. UT, sir, to come to more practical, and you will probably Bthink more appropriate topics, I will endeavor to show you that I am no enemy to new discoveries in agriculture3 or any thing else. So far from it, I am going to communicate to you a new discovery of my own, which, if I do not greatly overrate its importance, is as novèl, as brilliant, and as auspicious* of great results, as the celebrated discovery of Dr. Franklin; not the identity of the electric fluid and lightning-I don't refer to 5 |