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signs, a good milch cow. It seems, according to Mr. Kunth, to belong to the Sapota family *. Amid the great number of curious phenomena which have presented themselves to me in the course of my travels, I confess there are few which have so powerfully affected my imagination as the aspect of the Cow-Tree. On the barren flank of a rock grows a tree, with coriaceous and dry leaves; its large woody roots can scarcely penetrate into the stone; for several months in the year not a single shower moistens its foliage; its branches appear dead and dried; but when the trunk is pierced, there flows from it a sweet nourishing milk. It is at the rising of the sun that this vegetable fountain is most abundant; the blacks and natives are then seen hastening from all quarters, furnished with large bowls to receive the milk, which grows yellow, and thickens at its surface; some empty their bowls near the tree itself, others carry the juice home to their children. We seem to behold the family of a shepherd, who distributes the milk of his flock.HUMBOLDT'S Personal Narrative.

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The Sapota is a genus of trees, (Hexandria Monogynia,) anciently called Achras, commonly translated the Wild Pear, of which four species are enumerated in MARTYN's Miller. 1st, Mammee Sapota, otherwise called, Nippled Sapota, or the American Marmalade, from which a marmalade is made like that of quinces. It is planted in the gardens in most of the West India Islands. 2nd, Common Sapota, with a fruit larger than a quince, of a delicate mellow taste. All the tender parts are full of a milky juice, extremely harsh, and bitterish: but the fruit though full of this while young, is very sweet and agreeable when it ripens. 3rd, Clovenflowered Sapota. All the herbaceous parts of this tree are milky. Cultivated in Malabar, the fruit of which is of the size and form of the olive, succulent, of a sweetish acid flavour. 4th, Willow-leaved Sapota. No part of the tree is milky: called in Jamacia, White Bully Tree, or Galimeta-wood: it is reckoned good timber

THE cultivation of flowers is, of all the amusements of mankind, the one to be selected and approved as the most innocent in itself, and most perfectly devoid of injury or annoyance to others: the employment is not only conducive to health and peace of mind, but, probably, more good-will has arisen, and friendships been founded, by the intercourse and communication connected with this pursuit, than from any other whatsoever: the pleasures, the ecstacies of the horticulturist, are harmless and pure; a streak, a tint, a shade, becomes his triumph, which though often obtained by chance, are secured alone by morning care, by evening caution, and the vigilance of days: an employ, which, in its various grades, excludes neither the opulent nor the indigent, and teeming with boundless variety, affords an unceasing excitement to emulation, without contention or ill-will.-Journal of a Naturalist.

A SCOTCH Highlander was taken prisoner by a tribe of Indians, his life was about to be sacrificed, when the chief adopted him as his son. They carried him into the interior; he learnt their language, assumed their habits, and became skilful in the use of their arms.

After a season,

the same tribe began their route to join the French army, at that time opposed to the English. It was necessary to pass near the English lines during the night. parly in the morning, and it was spring, the old chief roused the young highlander from his repose: he took him to an eminence, and pointed out to him the tents of his countrymen. The old man appeared to be dreadfully agitated, and there was a keen restlessness in his eye. After a pause; "I lost" said he, "my only son in the battle with your nation; are you the only son of your father? and do you think that your father is yet alive?" The young man replied, "I am the only son of my father, and I hope that my father is yet alive." They stood close to a beautiful magnolia in full blossom. The prospect was grand and enchanting, and all its charms were crowned by the sun, which had fully emerged from the horizon. The old chief, looking steadfastly at his companion, exclaimed, "Let thy heart rejoice at the beauty of the scene! to me it is as the desert; but you are free; return to your countrymen, revisit your father that he may again rejoice, when he sees the sun rise in the morning, and the trees blossom in the spring!"-COLTON.

THE GOSSIP.

How like the existence of a squirrel in a cage, is that of a gossip, particularly that of the regular notorious gossip in a country town. The squirrel sleeps well, wakes at a certain hour, eats his accustomed food, takes his accustomed exercises in that twirling thing, which always goes the same way, and which he cannot get out of; the squirrel expects, and takes with much pleasure the offered nut or fruit, which is to him, what a piece of news is to the gossip, and then he goes quietly to his bed, when his usual quantity of food and exercise is taken, and wakes next day to a repetition And what does the gossip do more? The of the same. squirrel acquires no new ideas in the day, nor, I fear, does the gossip; but we do not expect a squirrel to gain ideas: we do expect it from human beings; for we know that they have duties to perform, and souls to be saved, whether they know it or not; know it, I trust they do, but then they forget it. The mournful truth is, they have so long accustomed themselves to idle away life, and pass it in long talks, (as the savages say,) which can do no one any good, and must do positive harm, that they are likely to remain what I have called them, nearly incorrigible; with them, alas all inquiries are external; they know not what it is to commune with the secret heart; they are well read in the defects of others, but they never think of trying to discover their own. Therefore, they must continue to saunter from street to street, from the club to the coffeeroom, from one house to another, and from shop to shop, in weary succession, like the squirrel in its ever-circling wheel, the pages of their passing hours bearing no character fit to be handed down by recording time to eternity, a burden often to themselves, and wholly useless, if not wearisome, to others.

Alas! poor squirrel! but still more pitiable gossip! for the squirrel knows not his privations, but gossips must occasionally be conscious of theirs. They must know from the little mind that remains to them, that idleness produces istlessness; want of regular occupation, weariness: and that with increasing years, comes increasing irritability, the result of conscious uselessness, and the want of those resources which enliven others.

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Gossips are, indeed, a pitiable race; and to the young gossip, who may not be wholly incorrigible, I recommend a perusal of the following admirable admonition. Let any man pass an evening in listless idleness, or even in reading some silly tale, and compare the state of his mind when he goes to sleep, or gets up the next morning, with its state some other day, when he has passed some hours in going through the proofs, by facts and reasoning, of some of the great doctrines in natural science, learning truths wholly new to him, and satisfying himself, by careful examination, of the grounds on which known truths rest, so as to be not only acquainted with the doctrines themselves, but able to show why he believes them, and. to prove before others, that they are true, and he will find as great a difference as can exist in the same being; the difference between looking back upon time improperly wasted, and time spent in self-improvement. He will feel himself, in the one case, listless and dissatisfied, in the other, comfortable and happy; in the one case, if he does not appear to himself humbled, at least he will not have earned any claims to his own respect; in the other case, he will enjoy a proud consciousness of having by his own exertions become a more wise, and, therefore, a more exalted creature."—Detraction, by Mrs. OPIE.

WISDOM AND INTEGRITY.-Wisdom without innocency is knavery innocency without wisdom is foolery: be therefore as wise as serpents, and innocent as doves. The subtilty of the serpent instructs the innocency of the dove: the innocency of the dove corrects the subtilty of the serpent. What God hath joined together, let no man separate.QUARLES

DOMESTIC PEACE.-It is a pleasant sight to see every thing smooth and smiling within the same walls. To have no separate interests, no difficulty of humour, no clashing of pretensions to contest with: where every body keeps to his post, moves in his order, and endeavours to make himself acceptable; where envy and contempt have no place, but where it is a pleasure to see others pleased.

HOWEVER unfortunate we may think ourselves, yet let us remember there is an Eye watching over us; it is a heavenly will, not blind fate, that guides the world.

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UPON our road, we met an Arab with a Goat, which he led about the country to exhibit, in order to gain a livelihood for itself and its owner. He had taught this animal, while he accompanied its movements with a song, to mount upon little cylindrical blocks of wood, placed successively one above the other. In this manner the goat stood, first upon the top of one cylinder, then upon the top of two, and afterwards of three, four, five, and six, until it remained balanced upon the summit of them all, elevated several feet from the ground, and with its four feet collected upon a single point, without throwing down the disjointed fabric whereon it stood. The practice is very ancient.

Nothing can show more strikingly the tenacious footing possessed by this quadruped, upon the jutty points and crags of rocks; and the circumstance of its ability to remain thus poised, may render its appearance less surprising, as it is sometimes seen in the Alps, and in all mountainous countries, with hardly any place for its feet upon the sides, and by the brink of most tremendous precipices.

The diameter of the upper cylinder, on which its four feet ultimately remained, until the Arab had ended his ditty, was only two inches; and the length of each cylinder was six inches. The most curious part of the performance occurred afterwards; for the Arab, to convince us of the animal's attention to the turn of the air, interrupted the da capo: as often as he did this, the goat tottered, appeared uneasy, and, upon his becoming suddenly silent in the middle of his song, it fell to the ground.- CLARKE'S Travels. In a note, Dr. Clarke writes, Sandys saw this in Grand Cairo. "There are in this city, and have beene of long, a sort of people that do get their livings, by shewing of feates with birds and beasts, exceeding therein all such as have bin famous amongst I have seen them make both dogs and goates to set their foure feet on a little turned pillar of wood, about a foot high, and no broader at the end than the palm of a hand: climing from one to two set on the top of one another; and so to the third and fourth: and there turn about as often as their masters would bid them."-SANDYS's Travels. And again. "On the cliffs above hung a few goats; one of them danced, and scratched an ear with its hind foot, in a place where I would not have Lood stock-still,- for all beneath the moon.' GRAY'S Letter to Wharton.

us.

*

* *

THE ISLANDS OF IRELAND. ONE important feature of Ireland, hitherto passed over in a vague and general style by all writers, consists in the great number of islands scattered round her shores; in most of which, the Irish language is generally, in many, almost exclusively, spoken. The extreme length of Ireland, is 306 miles, its extreme breadth 207, and, speaking loosely, the circumference is about 880 miles. "The sinuous line of its sea-coast, however, exclusive of such parts as lie within estuaries, or above the first good anchorage in every harbour, but inclusive of the river Shannon, as far as the tide reaches, and the shores of Bantry Bay, Dunmanus Bay, and Kenmare river, will, if accurately followed through all its windings, be found to measure 1737 miles. In this line, there are not fewer than one hundred and thirty harbours, and places where ships may anchor for a tide, or find shelter. Round the coast of this fine country, and including her inland lakes, the number of islands and islets cannot be calculated at less than six hundred. In Clew Bay alone, on the west coast, the islands, islets, holms, and rocks, above the surface of the water, have been rated, I think, as high as three hundred, which, if they were planted, would cause this inlet of the sea, to exceed in picturesque beauty, any thing of the kind in Europe. In Strangford Lough, on the east coast, there are fifty-four islands, small and great, known by particular names, besides many others nameless. As to inland lakes, to say nothing of Lough Coirrib, Lough Ree, or Lough Deirgeart, from the centre of an island in Lough Erne, called Ennismacsaint, may be seen twenty-seven islands in view at once.

Close upon our native shore, (yet as devoid of all the calm and profitable satisfaction which books. afford, as if they had lain in the bosom of the Pacific,) here it is, that as far as Christianity is concerned, our own countrymen have seen Sabbath after Sabbath pass silently away, from one year's end to the other, no church-going bell-no gatherings of the people to hear the sweet sounds of divine mercy, or, as the native Irish say, "the story of peace;" they have for ages lived and died amidst one unbroken famine, not, indeed, of bread and water, but of hearing the word of the Lord.

Of these Islands, at least one hundred and forty were inhabited twelve years ago. Some were very small: seventeen contain only one family in each.

and ten, not more than three in cach; but some are large, and the aggregate population of the whole, amounted to not less than 43,000 souls.

I will mention a few particulars of only two of them. Raghlin, Rathlin, or Ratherin, the Rienea of Pliny, the Ricinea of Ptolomy, about six miles distant from the north coast of Antrim, is nearly five miles long, and three and a half in extreme breadth, it abounds with some curious arrangements of Basaltic pillars, similar to those of the Giants' Causeway*. It affords a considerable quantity of sea-weed for kelp, and where cultivated, produces excellent barley. A religious establishment was founded here, in the sixth century, by Columba, but in 790, it was ravaged by the Danes. The attachment of the natives to their little island is extreme, and one of their worst wishes to any neighbour who has injured them is, that he may end his days in Ireland †. Raghlin is memorable as the retreat of Robert Bruce of Scotland. It was here that he planted his standard, and obtained some aid from the native Irish, before he proceeded to the Hebrides. Dr. Francis Hutchinson, Bishop of Down and Connor, who published an Irish almanack, and a defence of the ancient historians, with application to the history of Ireland and Great Britain, in the year 1712, procured for the inhabitants of this island, a translation of the Church Catechism into Irish, with the English annexed. It was printed at Belfast, but in the Roman letter, and the orthography of both languages was interfered with, which was not a judicious step; I know not whether a single copy of the Raghlin Catechism remains in Ireland.

Tory, about ten miles or more off the coast of Donegal, but united to the parish of Tullaghabigly, is about three miles long, and one broad. The name of this island is thought to be of Runic etymology, and Thor-eye, now corrupted into Tory, denotes that it was consecrated to Thor, the Scandinavian deity, who presided over desolate places. The inhabitants are unacquainted with any other law than that of their old Brehon code. They choose their own chief judge, and to his mandate, issuing from a throne of turf, the people yield a ready obedience. Round a tower and church built by Columkill, there is a graveyard, to which peculiar sanctity is ascribed, and where no one is permitted to be interred. The people but very seldom come to the main land. About two years ago, a fishing-boat, containing seven or eight men, being driven by stress of weather into Ards Bay, on the coast adjoining, it turned out that not one of these men had ever been in Ireland

before! The trees belonging to Mr. Stewart of Ards, (the uncle of Lord Londonderry,) actually astonished them, and they were seen putting leaves and small branches in their pockets, to show on their return. In August, 1826, the poor people in this island, amounting to nearly 500, were visited by a great calamity. A strange and unforeseen storm set in from the north-west, which drove the sea, in immense waves, over the whole flat part of the island; the waves beat even over the highest cliffsall their corn was destroyed, their potatoes washed out of the ground, and all the springs of fresh water filled with that of the sea. Their deplorable situation constrained them to several communications with the main land-their condition, in other respects, then excited pity. It was then arranged that an Irish teacher be sent them, and so this frowning provi

*See Saturday Magazine, Vol. II., p. 50.

+ The Capers, or inhabitants of Cape Clear Island, cherish so ardent an attachment to their apparently desolate Island, that even temporary banishment to the main land, has been found so severe a punishment, as effectuall to prevent crime.

dence may prove to have been only the precursor of better days than they have ever seen.

Innismurry, about six miles distant from the coast of Sligo, is but small, containing about 130 acres of shallow soil. In this isle there is a large image rudely carved in wood, and painted red, which the people call Father Molash, to which it is affirmed they pay devotion; and they have an altar built of loose round stones, called 'the cursing altar," to which they are said to apply, if any one has injured them. L. C. [ANDERSON'S Historical Sketches of the Ancient Native Irish.]

66

THE NEW ZEALANDERS.

IN the latter end of 1831, some of the principal chiefs of New Zealand, (in number, I believe, thirteen,) addressed a letter to the King, in which, after expressing their fears as to the designs of some foreigners who had visited their shores, (alluding principally to the visit of a French corvette, which had lately touched at the Bay of Islands,) they proceeded to request, that his Majesty would appoint some person to reside among them, as his representative, King William and the New Zealanders; and to keep in for the purpose of maintaining a friendly intercourse between order some of his own subjects, convicts escaped from Port Jackson, or runaway seamen from the Whalers, who had stationed themselves near the Bay of Islands, and much In reply to this, the government

troubled the natives.

On

appointed Mr. James Busby, as Resident at New Zealand, and made him the bearer of his Majesty's answer. Friday, May 17th, 1833, Mr. Busby left the ship; the Imogen, (with the usual salute of seven guns,) and accompanied by Captain Blackwood, and the greater part of the officers, landed at Parheah. We were received on our arrival by the Missionaries, who led us to the place where the chiefs were assembled to receive us. Three or four of signal given by one of them, the main body, consisting of the more aged chiefs were sitting on the ground, and on a about two hundred chiefs and warriors, who, likewise, were sitting on the ground, at the distance of eighty yards, arose suddenly, and rushed towards us with tremendous shouts : when close to us, they stopped and began their War Dance, in which they leapt about with surprising agility, and kept and hideous contortions of visage, at the same time, branadmirable time, accompanying the dance with loud shouts, dishing above them their muskets and mevies.

In this dance they followed the motions of a fugleman, who stood in the foremost ranks, and began first; the others took the time from him. Having repeated the dance three or four times, for the violence of the exercise required intervals to gain breath, the chiefs sat down, and the people formed a ring: three or four chiefs made a short speech to welcome us. This being over, we all repaired to a space in front of the Missionary Chapel. A table was placed, at which Mr. Busby and Captain Blackwood sat, with the officers and Missionaries on either side of them.

The people stood around in a circle, leaving a clear space in the front of Mr. Busby for the chiefs. Mr. Busby then read a letter from Lord Goderich, written by the king's command, first in English, and Mr. H. Williams, the senior Missionary, translated it into the New Zealand tongue. The letter was to this effect. That his majesty was happy to inform them, that their fears were groundless: that he had sent Mr. Busby to reside as his representative among them, as they had wished: that he hoped they would behave amicably towards him; that he would exert himself, to prevent trouble arising to them from the English convicts and sailors; and that he would take measures to transport runaway convicts back again to New South Wales and Van Diemen's Land. Mr. Busby then read an address, which was, in fact, a commentary on the king's letter: this also was interpreted to them. After approved of Mr. Busby's arrival, and seemed to feel the this, several of the chiefs successively speechified away, advantages of an intimate union with Great Britain. But each chief wished Mr. Busby to reside in his own district, and the eagerness with which each urged this, was highly amusing. Their method of speaking is very curious; while talking, they keep running backwards and forwards in a straight line, and use a great deal of action and gesture. Their speeches contain much repetition, and are very figurative.

After they all had finished, Mr. Busby distributed presents of a blanket, and five pounds of tobacco, to about thirty of them, and this ceremony was followed by the more important one, the feast. This took place an hour and a half afterwards, and consisted of boiled potatoes, baked beef, and a mess of boiled flour, water, and sugar, of which the natives are very fond. The whole of it was conveyed into a grass-plat before Mr. Williams's house, by the natives who live about the Missionary establishment. The good things were piled up in the middle. chiefs divided it out into as many portions as there were parties, and informed them by word of mouth, which was for each. On a given signal they all rushed forward, and seized their several portions, which they did not stay to eat, but carried away with them. The number of natives present was about 500, and 50 Europeans. All the officers after the ceremony went to Mr. Williams's, where they had

some refreshment.

The

[Extracted from a Letter written on board H. M. Ship Imogen,

dated Sydney, July 5th, 1833.]

CUNNING differs from wisdom as twilight from open day. He that walks in the sunshine, goes boldly forward by the nearest way; he sees that where the path is straight and even, he may proceed in security, and where it is rough and crooked, he easily complies with the turns, and avoids the obstructions. But the traveller in the dusk, fears more as he sees less; he knows there may be danger, and therefore suspects that he is never safe; tries every step before he fixes his foot, and shrinks at every noise, lest violence should approach him. Wisdom comprehends at once the end and the means, estimates easiness or difficulty, and is cautious, or confident, in due proportion. Cunning discovers little at a time, and has no other means of certainty, than multiplication of stratagems and superfluity of suspicion. The man of cunning always considers that he can never be too safe, and, therefore, always keeps himself enveloped in a mist, impenetrable, as he hopes, to the eye of rivalry or curiosity. JOHNSON.

Of what infinite value to society is that tenderness, compassion, and benevolence, which the Almighty has mercifully impressed on the female heart. It is a woman's exclusive gift; it is the foundation of all her virtues; the mainspring of her usefulness. Let her then daily consider the awful responsibility of such a gift; let her consider it as amongst her most valuable possessions; and solely employ it for the benefit of her fellow-creatures; and more especially for the nursing, training, and educating the young of her own species: let her give her heart, her tenderness, her compassion, to the infant orphan, and the deserted child; let her, in humble imitation of her great Master, become a teacher of the ignorant, and an instructor of babes; and let her, like him, fold in her arms the lovely emblems of those beings that form the kingdom of Heaven. Let her, with active zeal, bring little children to Christ, that he may bless them; and though, under her fostering care no great legislator, prince, or prophet, may arise, a superior reward will await her labours: that which is promised to those who save a soul from death. It will be her peculiar and happy lot, to rear good Christians and useful members of society; and above all, blessed spirits, for eternal happiness in the communion of saints made perfect. Mrs. KING.

You are to consider that you are a Christian; that no accident happens to us without the Divine permission, and that it is the duty of a man and a Christian to submit. We did not make ourselves; but the same Power which made us, rules over us, and we are absolutely at his disposal; he may do with us what he pleases, nor have we any right to complain. A second reason against our complaint is our ignorance; for, as we know not future events, so neither can we tell to what purpose any accident tends; and that which at first threatens us with evil, may, in the end, produce our good. You are a man, and, consequently, a sinner, and this may be a punishment to you for your sins: indeed, in this sense it may be esteemed a good, yea, as the greatest good, which satisfies the anger of heaven, and averts that wrath which cannot continue without our destruction. Thirdly, our impotency in relieving ourselves, demonstrates the folly and absurdity of our complaints; for whom do we resist, or against whom do we complain, but a power from whose shafts no armour can guard us, no speed can fly,- -a power which leaves us no hope but in submission.--F:SLDING.

THE IDOLS OF THE SAXONS. VI. FREYA, OR FRIGA.

WHAT profiteth the graven image that the maker thereof hath graven it? the molten image, and a teacher of lies, that the maker of his work trusteth therein, to make dumb idols? Woe to him that saith to the wood, Awake! to the dumb stone, Arise! it shall teach! Behold, it is laid over with gold and silver, and there is no breath at all in the midst of it. But the Lord is in his holy temple: let all the earth keep silence before him.-HABAKKUK ii. 18, 19, 20.

In pursuing this subject, and noticing, as we proceed, the happy change that ensued in our land, from the grossest idolatry to Christianity, it is also interesting to trace the political rise of our Saxon ancestors, and to see from what small beginnings it has pleased Providence to raise large and populous nations.

invasion of England, and when the Romans first The infant state of the Saxon people, before their observed them, showed no signs from which human sagacity could have predicted greatness. They inhabited a territory on the neck of the Cimbrian Chersonesus, now Jutland, in Denmark. This small region contained those, whose descendanis occupy the circle of Westphalia, the electorate of Saxony, the British Islands, the United States of America, and the British Colonies in the two Indies! Such is the course of Providence, that empires the most extended and the most formidable, are found to vanish as the morning mist; while tribes scarcely visible, or contemptuously overlooked, like the springs of some mighty river, glide on gradually to greatness and importance.

In our last paper on the Saxons and their Idols, we alluded to the influence exerted by the Romans, over the customs of the countries, to which their conquests had opened a way. This is illustrated by the case of Britain, when it was a Roman province, previous to the arrival of the Saxons. During the residence of the various Roman governors, the arts, imported hither, so as greatly to alter the character as well as the luxuries of Rome, continued to be and manners of the people. The Latin tongue was also, in some degree, used among the Britons; a circumstance which may account for the existence of many words of Roman growth in our language. But the retirement of these accomplished, though unprincipled visitors, took place a. D. 448; soon after which, the Saxon invaders established themselves in this country, when a state of greater rusticity, perhaps, but greater virtue, succeeded.

It is, indeed, curious to look back on the affairs of Britain before the arrival of the Saxons. The residence of the polished Romans in this country Its towns were no had produced a mighty change. longer barricadoed forests, as represented by Julius Cæsar; nor its houses, wood cabins, covered with straw; nor its inhabitants naked savages, with painted bodies, or clothed with skins. It had been, for above three hundred years, the seat of Roman wealth and splendour. Roman emperors had reigned in Britain.

The natives had built houses, temples, and market-places in their towns, and had adorned their dwellings with porches, galleries, and baths, and beautiful tessellated pavements. They had their advocates, orators, and poets. Of their towns, Caerleon, in Wales, and Verulam, near St. Alban's, remain to this day as ruins, or rather shadows of former grandeur. Gildas, the most ancient British writer extant (A. D. 550,) after lamenting all the evils his countrymen had suffered from the Scots and Picts, and its own civil wars, mentions it as yet containing twenty-eight cities, and some well-fortified castles; and as fertile, and abundant in cattle and sheep. The British workmen, also, were considered the best

builders, and were employed by the father of Constantine the Great, in rebuilding Autun.

With all their skill, however, in matters of art, the Romans had not been able to teach them the knowledge of the true religion. That conceited nation was itself plunged into the most shameful idolatry, and caught eagerly from other people, any fresh superstitions to add to its own. Proving, by their lamentable ignorance in this respect, that "the world by wisdom knew not God," they "forsook the fountain of living waters, and hewed them out cisterns, broken cisterns, that can hold no water."

Among "the rabble," reckoned as deities by the Saxons, and "by the like foolery" allowed by the Romans, was the goddess FREYA, or FRIGA, "who was made," in the words of Verstegan," according as this picture here doth demonstrate."

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"In her right hand she held a drawn sword, and in her left a bow; signifying thereby, that women as well as men should in time of need be ready to fight. Some honoured her for a god, and some for a goddess, but she was ordinarily taken rather for a goddess than a god, and was reputed the giver of peace and plenty, and maker of love and amity; and of the day of her especial adoration, we yet retain the name of Friday; and as in the order of the days of the week, Thursday cometh between Wednesday and Friday, so in the northern regions, where they made the idol Thor, sitting or lying in a great hall upon a covered bed, they also placed on the one side of him the idol Woden, and on the other side the idol Friga. Some do call her Freya, and say she was the wife of Woden, but she was called Friga, and her day our Saxon ancestors called frigedrag, from whence our name, now of Friday, indeed cometh."

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| ALL desire of singularity had a sure enemy in Dr. Johnson. Few people had a more settled reverence for the world introduced, or innovations on the long-received customs of than he, or were less captivated by new modes of behaviour common life. One day he met a friend driving six small ponies, and stopped to admire them. "Why does nobody," said Johnson, "begin the fashion of driving six spavined horses, all spavined of the same leg? It would have a mighty pretty effect, and produce the distinction of doing something worse than the common way." He hated the modern way of leaving a company, without taking notice much like any of the contrivances by which ease has been to the lady of the house that he was going; and did not lately introduced into society instead of ceremony, which had more of his approbation. The innocent amusements of society all found their advocates in Dr. Johnson, who inculcated, upon principle, the cultivation of those arts which many a moralist thinks himself bound to reject, and many a Christian holds unfit to be practised.

"No person," said he, one day, "goes under-dressed till he thinks himself of consequence enough to forbear carrying the badge of his rank upon his back." And, in answer to arguments used against showy decorations of the human figure, he was once heard to exclaim, "Oh, let us be found when our Master calls us, ripping, not the lace off our waistcoats, but the spirit of contention from our souls and tongues! Let us all conform in outward customs, which are of no consequence, to the manners of those whom we live among, and despise such paltry distinctions. Alas, sir," continued he, "a man who cannot get to heaven in a green coat, will not find his way thither the sooner in a gray one."-BoSWELL'S Life of Johnson.

FOLLY and cunning divide mankind, yet they that are most crafty are the most cozened. They rob their neighbour of his money, and lose their own innocency; they disturb his rest and their own conscience; they throw him into prison, themselves into hell; they make poverty his portion, damnation their own.-JEREMY TAYLOR.

THE author of the following lines delights to see his fellow-labourers happy, and is convinced, that one effectual way of being so, is to be content with their lot, and in love with their duty. His verses, however humble, have a tendency to promote this.

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SATURDAY NIGHT.

BY A JOURNEYMAN MECHANIC.

Now, wife and children, let's be gay,

My work is done, and here's the pay: 'Twas hard to earn, but never mind it,

Hope rear'd the sheaf, and peace shall bind it.

Six days I've toil'd, and now we meet
To share the welcome weekly treat,
Ot toast and tea, of rest and joy,
Which, gain'd by labour, cannot cloy.
Come ye who form my dear fire-side,
My care, my comfort, and my pride;
Come now, and let us close the night,
In harmless talk and fond delight.
To-morrow's dawn brings blessed peace
And each domestic joy's increase
To him who honestly maintains
That course of life which Heav'n ordains.
For this, and every blessing giv'n,
Thankful we'll bow the knee to Heav'n;
In God's own house our voices raise,
With grateful notes of pray'r and praise.
Sweet's the tranquillity of heart,
Which public worship does impart,
And sweet's the field, and sweet's the road,
To him whose conscience bears no load.
Thus shall the day, as God design'd,
Promote my health, improve my mind.
On Monday morning, free from pain,
Cheerful I'll go to work again.

Our life is but a lengthen'd week,
Through which with toil for rest we seek ;
And he whose labour well is past,

A joyful SABBATH finds at last!

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