Et sepulta est subter Bethel, qui locus in monte aut colle videtur situs fuisse, unde et vs. 1, Jacobus jubetur ascendere ad Bethel. Hieronymus: ad radices Bethel. Daa, Sub terebintho illa, sc. nota aut celebri, quod præpositum demonstrat. indicat, uti vs. 4, Onkelos in declivitatibus planitiei. vota soluturus in eodem loco, quo cippum tree was called Allon-Bachuth [i.e., the turerexerat, aram exstruit et locum ipsum, ubi pentine tree of mourning.] aram exstruxit, læto animo atque cum vera animi persuasione vocat non Bethel sed El Bethel, quandoquidem haud amplius dubitabat deum profiteri eum (xxviii. 21, □) per quem ipsi tam fausta eaque omnia contigissent, quæ xxviii. 19, 20, optaverat. Iacobus igitur id facit, quod voti damnatus facere debebat et auctor v. 1, et Cepit e planitiei significatu, ut j, xii. 6; v. 7, verbis, quæ Ilgen 1. 1, xiii. 18, ubi cf. not. Sed arboris nomen male iudicat glossema, veluti digito demon-esse, patet ex Ez. xxvii. 6. LXX. hic strat eo, quo interpretes spectare debent, si Báλavov, glandem pro arbore posuerunt, unde volunt consilium auctoris non obscurare sed Hieronymus subter quercum vertit. Deboræ illustrare. Itaque sic transfer: ibi aram mors nulla alia de causa videtur memorari, exstruxit et hunc locum (i.e., locum, ubi quam quia originem nominis querceti, quod aram exstruxerat) vocavit: deus Bethelis, scriptoris ævo perdurabat, indicare obiter i.e., ei deo, qui ipsi se primum Bethele voluit; id quod et alias facere solet, ut in manifestaverat deum, dicavit, sacravit.-nomine Tsoharis, xix. 22; Bethelis, xxviii. 9; quamquam Masorethæ notarunt, et aliis in locis. ', Vocavitque nomen deum esse intelligendum, Onk. tamen et ejus terebinthum fletus, propter luctum, quo cum eo I. D. Michaelis in Suppl., p. 89. funus Deboræ celebrarunt.—Rosen. Vater in Commentar. ad h. 1. angelos innui putarunt. Quod quidem haud displicet, Ver. 9. וַיֵּרָא אֱלֹהִים אֶל־יַעֲקֹב עוֹד בְּבֹאוֹ | posuisse videtur, ut lectores נִגְלוּ quia auctor loci xxviii. 10, ss. reminiscerentur, ubi Iacobo somnianti angeli in scala et adscen .מַלְאַךְ cum dentes et descendentes apparuissent, eoque magis, quod nonnunquam permutatur Cfr. xxxi. 11, cum xxxi. 16; et xxxii. 29, cum Hos. xii. 4, 5. Attamen non solum angelos sed deum quoque una cum iis intellectum velim ita, ut si locum xxviii. 10, ss., quorsum xxxv. 7, sine omni dubio spectat, contueris, utramque illam sententiam coniungas. Ver. 8. παρεγένετο ἐκ Μεσοποταμίας τῆς Συρίας. καὶ εὐλόγησεν αὐτὸν ὁ θεός. ὤφθη δὲ ὁ θεὸς τῷ Ἰακὼβ ἔτι ἐν Λουζᾷ, ὅτε Au. Ver.-9 And God appeared unto Jacob again, when he came out of Padanaram, and blessed him. Ged., Booth.-Again GoD appeared to Jacob (after he had come from Padan-aram) in Luz [so LXX], and blessed him. Ver. 10. ἀπέθανε δὲ Δεβόῤῥα ἡ τροφὸς Ρεβέκκας, καὶ ἐτάφη κατώτερον Βαιθὴλ ὑπὸ τὴν βάλανον. καὶ ἐκάλεσεν Ἰακὼβ τὸ ὄνομα αὐτῆς, βάλανος πένθους. Au. Ver.-8 But Deborah Rebekah's nurse died, and she was buried beneath Beth-el under an oak: and the name of it was called Allon-bachuth [that is, the oak of weeping]. Oak. So Gesenius, Lee. καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ ὁ θεός. τὸ ὄνομά σου οὐ κληθήσεται ἔτι Ἰακώβ, ἀλλ ̓ Ἰσραὴλ ἔσται τὸ ὄνομά σου. καὶ ἐκάλεσε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ Ισραήλ. Au. Ver.-10 And God said unto him, Thy name is Jacob: thy name shall not be called any more Jacob, but Israel shall be thy name: and he called his name Israel. Thy name shall not, &c. Booth.-Thy name shall not only yet be called Jacob, but Israel also shall be thy name, &c. Ged., Rosen., Booth.-Turpentine-tree. Ged. And as Deborah, Rebekah's nurse, died there, and was buried under a turpen- Rosen. Quum tamen non solum Moses tine-tree below Bethel, the name of that passim deinceps, sed alii quoque V. T. scriptores nomine illo priori eum appellent; |mand from God to go and dwell at Bethel, sensus ita capiendus est: non solo Jacobi, verse 1. Surely then he journeyed not verum et multo præstantiore Israelis nomine from Bethel after he arrived there; and, in appellandum illum esse. the 16th verse, for Bethel we should again read Peniel. Ver. 15, 16. But why does the sacred historian, in this place, repeat the narrative of the appearance at 15 וַיִּקְרָא יַעֲקֹב אֶת־שָׁם הַמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר Peniel, which he had so distinctly related דִּבֶּר אִתּוֹ שָׁם אֱלֹהִים בֵּית־אֵל : 16 וַיִּסְעוּ in its proper place (chap. xxxii.) ? My מִבֵּית אֵל וַיְהִי עוֹד כִּבְרַת הָאָרֶץ לָבוֹא down the history of Jacob to his settlement אֶפְרָתָה וַתֵּלֶד רָחֵל וַתְּקַשׁ בְּלִדְתָּהּ : 15 καὶ ἐκάλεσεν Ἰακὼβ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ τόπου, ἐν ᾧ ἐλάλησε μετ ̓ αὐτοῦ ἐκεῖ ὁ θεὸς, Βαιθήλ. 16 ἀπάρας δὲ Ἰακὼβ ἐκ Βαιθήλ, ἔπηξε τὴν σkŋyην aνтοû ÉTÉKEIA TOû TúρYou Tadép. ἐγένετο δὲ ἡνίκα ἤγγισεν εἰς Χαβραθὰ τοῦ ἐλθεῖν εἰς τὴν Εφραθα, ἔτεκε Ραχήλ, καὶ ἐδυστόκησεν ἐν τῷ τοκετῷ. Au. Ver.-15 And Jacob called the name of the place where God spake with him, Beth-el [chap. xxviii. 19]. 16 And they journeyed from Beth-el, and there was but a little way [Heb. a little piece of ground, 2 Kings v. 19] to come to Ephrath and Rachel travailed, and she had hard labour. Geddes and Booth. follow the LXX., who, before the 16th verse, insert what is now the 21st verse in the Hebrew text: conjecture is this; that having brought at Bethel, where the patriarch continued till he removed into Egypt, he goes back to mention some facts which he had omitted ; namely, the death of Rachel, Reuben's conversation with Bilhah, and the death of Isaac. The first of these events, the death of Rachel, happened upon the journey from Peniel to Ephrath; and therefore, to mark the time of it, the historian resumes the mention of the memorable appearance of God at that place. But a little way. fem. with the addition of a measure of length, whose magnitude is not fixed. Gen. xxxv. 16; xlviii. 7; 2 Kings v. 19. In all the three passages the Syrian has 1 Parasang. Arabic Jeo 21 Israel now removed from Beth-el, and a mile. Chald.aratio terræ, from pitched his tent beyond Migdol-Eder: 12 aravit, and then i. q., jugerum; it might 16 But when he [so the LXX.] had be supposed, that the Hebrew word itself removed thence, and had but a little was transposed therefrom. way to arrive at Ephrath, it happened that Rachel, &c. God ap Bp. Horsley.-15 "Bethel." Luz, on his journey into Mesopotamia, Again when Jacob removed from Shalem to Bethel, it was in consequence of a com The LXX. retain it, but add, Gen. xxxviii. 7, inπó- form only it occurs, r. . A certain measure شوط الفرس either its etymology, or its extent, with that of the Hebrew word in question. And perhaps, after all, no positive measure is meant, but indefinitely, some extent, some distance, and nothing more: and this I have no doubt is the truth. And so, apparently, the Targum. Ver. 18. Au. Ver.-22 And it came to pass, when Israel dwelt in that land, that Reuben went and lay with Bilhah his father's concubine : and Israel heard it. Now the sons of Jacob were twelve. Ken.-Gen. xxxv. 22. This is one of the twenty-five or twenty-eight places where the Jewish transcribers have left a vacant space in their MSS. (as there is in one MS., &c.) in the middle of the verse; and where וַיְהִי בְּצֵאת נַפְשָׁהּ כִּי מֵתָה וַתִּקְרָא a space has been also left in the printed שְׁמְוֹ בֶּן־אוֹנִי וְאָבִיו קָרָא־לוֹ בִנְיָמִין : ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῷ ἀφιέναι αὐτὴν τὴν ψυχὴν, ἀπέθνησκε γὰρ, ἐκάλεσε τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, υἱὸς ὀδύνης μου. ὁ δὲ πατὴρ ἐκάλεσεν τὸ ὄνομα αὐτοῦ, Βενιαμίν. Au. Ver.-18 And it came to pass, as her soul was in departing (for she died), that she called his name Benoni [that is, the son of my sorrow]: but his father called him Benjamin [that is, the son of the right hand]. Benjamin. The Samaritan has op, the son of days, i.e., of his old age (chap. xliv. 20), which Houbigant contends is the true reading, and that the present is a corruption; but if it be a corruption, it is as old as Jerome, who renders Benjamin, id est, filius dextræ, Benjamin, that is, the son of the right hand.-Bagster's Bible. editions with these words in the margin, PDD ΥΔΩΝ2 NPOD, Hiatus in medio versus. This verse, as it is at present, reads thus, -"And it came to pass, when Israel dwelt in that land, that Reuben went and lay with Bilhah his father's concubine; and Israel heard it Now the sons of Jacob were twelve," &c.-As the Jews, then, acknowledge something wanting here to complete the sense, the Greek version has preserved the words omitted in the Hebrew text. And the supplement in the Greek acquaints us, that this act of Reuben's was considered by his father as vile and flagitious —και πονηρον εφανη εναντιον αυτου--a censure which is naturally expected in the history; and that Israel greatly resented this action of Reuben's, see chap. xlix. 4. Rosen.-, i.e., filium dextræ, i.e., Let us see, then, how the verse reads with roboris, quod in dextra situm est, quasi the hiatus thus supplied,-" And it came to ominaretur robustum eum et potentem inter pass, when Israel dwelt in that land, that fratres futurum. Aliis est Plur. Chaldai-Reuben went and lay with Bilhah his father's cus pro Hebr. D' dies, ut D, esset concubine; and Israel heard it, and it apfilius dierum, i.e., senectutis, rλvyérns, s. peared evil in his sight. Now the sons of TηλÚYETOS, coll. xliv. 20. Ita et textus Sam. et versio Sam. habent. Pro vero tamen hoc interpretamentum non haberi posse observat Gesenius de Pentat. Samar., p. 32, quod ferme flagitet contextus, ut opponatur TON, et sensus hic sit: filius felicitatis, i.e., parentibus acceptissimus. Ver. 22. Jacob were twelve," &c.-Ken. So also Rosen. -22 Post, audivit Jacobus, sc. hoc, Masorethæ in margine notant PDD YN DD, lacuna in medio versu, seu: deesse aliquid h. 1. LXX. addunt: καὶ πονηρὸν ἐφάνη ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ, quasi legissent: ", cf. xxi. 11. In cod. Samar. nil amplius legimus, quam in nostris. J. D. Michaelis (Oriental. Bibl., P. IX. p. 200) conjicit, deesse aliquid de וַיֵּלֶךְ רְאוּבֵן וַיִּשְׁכַּב אֶת־בִּלְהָה פִּילֶגֶשׁ partu a Bilha edito ejusque nomine et fatis. Sed Hebræi volunt, hic in medio vs. distinc : Tipy Day her tionem esse, ut partim sit finitus versi פסקא באמצע פסוק 21, 22 ἐγένετο δὲ ἡνίκα κατῴκησεν Ἰσραὴλ ἐν τῇ γῇ ἐκείνῃ, ἐπορεύθη Ρουβὴν, καὶ ἐκοιμήθη μετὰ Βαλλᾶς τῆς παλλακῆς τοῦ πατρὸς αὐτοῦ Ἰακώβ. καὶ ἤκουσεν Ἰσραὴλ, καὶ πονηρὸν ἐφάνη ἐναντίον αὐτοῦ. ἦσαν δὲ οἱ υἱοὶ Ἰακώβ δώδεκα. Patrem culus, partim continuetur cum sequenti genitus recensendus esset, uti dicitur 1 scended from the firstborn of Esau by a Paral. v. 1. Graviter notavit Rubenum ob concubine, the sister of Lotan, a Horite, detestandum, quod hoc memoratur, facinus one of the ancient inhabitants of Seir (ver. pater in ultimis votis xlix. 3, 4. H. 1. vero 12 and 22). His descendants were to be dicitur tantum, intellexisse Jacobum turpi- destroyed, by an express precept, for a tudinem filii, nec vero, quomodo affectus particular offence (Exod. xvii.); but the fuerit, subjungitur. Quod æstimandum Divine justice took care of the rest, by disquum relinquat scriptor, rem magis exag- tinguishing them thus exactly from him; that they might not perish under the name gerare videtur. of Amalekites. Ver. 27. Ged. These were the progeny of Esau, or Edom. Schum.-Hi sunt posteri Esavi, sive hi sunt Edomitæ. Ver. 2, 3. 2 ἦλθε δὲ Ἰακὼβ πρὸς Ἰσαὰκ τὸν πατέρα αὐτοῦ εἰς Μαμβρῆ, εἰς πόλιν τοῦ πεδίου. αὕτη της πήρε γαρ της της ἐστὶ Χεβρὼν ἐν γῇ Χαναάν, οὗ παρώκησεν Η Μ ΗΣ ΠΥΡΗΝ ̔Αβραὰμ καὶ Ἰσαάκ. אָהָלִיבָמָה בַּת־עֲנָה בַּת־צִבְעוֹן הַחִתִּי : וְאֶת בָּשְׂמַת בַּת־יִשְׁמָעֵאל אֲחוֹת Isaac his father unto Mamre, unto the city נְבָיוֹת : Au. Ver.-27 And Jacob came unto of Arbah, which is Hebron, where Abraham and Isaac sojourned. Ged. And Jacob came unto Isaac his father unto Mainre, the city of Arba (now Hebron) in the land of Chanaan [LXX., Syr.; so also Boothroyd]; where both Abraham and Isaac had sojourned. : Ver. 29. καὶ ἔθαψαν αὐτὸν Ἡσαῦ καὶ Ἰακὼβ οἱ υἱοὶ αὐτοῦ. Au. Ver. 29 And Isaac gave up the ghost, and died, and was gathered unto his people, being old and full of days: and his sons Esau and Jacob buried him. And his sons, &c. Ged. And his sons Esau and Jacob buried him in the sepulchre that had been bought by his father Abraham.-So the Syr. CHAP. XXXVI. 1. αὗται δέ αἱ γενέσεις Ἡσαῦ. αὐτός ἐστὶν Εδώμ. 3 τὴν ̓Αδα, 2 Ἡσαῦ δὲ ἔλαβε τὰς γυναῖκας ἑαυτῷ ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων τῶν Χαναναίων. θυγατέρα Αἰλὼμ τοῦ Χετταίου. καὶ τὴν Ὀλιβεμὰ, θυγατέρα ̓Ανὰ τοῦ υἱοῦ Σεβεγὼν τοῦ Εὐαίου. 3 καὶ τὴν Βασεμὰθ, θυγατέρα Ισμαὴλ, ἀδελφὴν Ναβαιώθ. Au. Ver.-2 Esau took his wives of the daughters of Canaan; Adah the daughter of Elon the Hittite, and Aholibamah the daughter of Anah the daughter of Zibeon the Hivite; 3 And Bashemath Ishmael's daughter, sister of Nebajoth. 2. Esau took his wives, &c.]-The names of Esau's wives mentioned in these verses are not the same with those mentioned chap. xxvi. 34. To account for the discrepancies, various explanations have been given by different commentators. Bp. Patrick. It is probable his former wives died without issue: and so he took another daughter of Elon (when Judith was dead) called Adah; and the daughter of a man called Anah; by whom he had such Au. Ver.-Now these are the generations children as here follow. of Esau, who is Edom. The daughter of Zibeon.]-The word Bp. Patrick. These are the generations of daughter here signifies niece; or, she is Esau,] which are here set down to show called Zibeon's daughter, because he bred how effectual his father's blessing was her; as the children of Michal are men(xxvii. 22), and, as Maimonides thinks tioned (2 Sam. xxi. 8), though she had none (par. iii. cap. 50, More Nevoch.), to prevent at all; but only educated the children of her the destruction of any of the family of sister, as Zibeon, perhaps, did his brother Esau, but only those of Amalek, who de- Anah's daughter. (Ver. 20.) 3. Bashemath, Ishmael's daughter.]—She filiabus Canaan, i. e., vel, viris, vel is called by another name, xviii. 9. But it incolis Canaan, duas videlicet, Adam, filiam is likely Esau changed her name from Elonis, Chittai, et Oholibamam, filiam ZiMahalah, which signifies sickly and infirm, bonis, Chevai. Hæ aliis nominibus sunt into this of Bashemath, which signifies xxvi. 34 (ubi cf. not.), appellatæ, quin et aromatic and fragrant: either because the earum parentes. vix dubium est esse name better pleased him, or he thought eandem, quæ xxvi. 34, appellatur, would better please his father: or, she nomine ab aromatibus, ducto, quum grew more healthy after marriage; or idem pater utrobique ponatur, Elon Chitperhaps she had two names given her at thæus; oportetque eam binominem, instar first. mariti, fuisse. Altera Esavi uxor Ged.-2 Esau took to himself the fol- tentorium excelsi, xxvi. 34, ♫ laudabilis lowing wives: Ada the daughter of Elon an appellatur. Eam Jarchi vult ita initio voHethite (of the women of Chanaan), catam ab Esavo, ut patrem falleret, quasi Aolibama the daughter of Anah son of idolis abnegatis verum Deum coleret. Alii Zibeon an Horite, 3 And Mahalath putant, has alias esse a superioribus, quasi the daughter of Ishmael and sister of illis mortuis Esavus alias duas superduxerit, Nebaioth. T unam, sororem Basemathæ, filiæ Elonis, et *Son of Zibeon.-Sam., LXX., Syr., and alteram Oholibamam, filiam Anæ, ut in uniseveral copies of the Vulgate read son; versum quinque uxores habuerit. Verunand this is considered to be the true reading tamen uti c. xxvi. 34, et xxviii. 9, ita et hic, by Houbigant, Kennicott, &c., who maintain tres tantum Esavi uxores commemorantur, that it is clear from verse 20, that Anah was et utrobique duæ Cananææ et una Ismaelis the son not the daughter of Zibeon. filia. Sed alia hic est difficultas, quod OliMichaelis and Rosenmüller however defend bama filia Anæ, y, eademque filia Zibeonis, the present reading and suppose that the, Chitthæi, dicitur, atque sic duobus Anah mentioned in verse 2 is not the same patribus assignatur. Sunt, qui nomen as the one mentioned in verse 24. But that Anah may be the name both of a man and of a woman, and that is here equivalent to niece. muliebre existiment, et Anam uxorem Beeri Chitthæi (xxvi. 34), qui hic Zibeon dicatur, ut hic et socrus quoque Esavi commemoretur, illic socer tantum. Nec obstat quod vs. 24. Ana, filius Zibeonis, memoratur, et vs. 29, + An Horite. So verse 20. This correction is approved of by Michaelis and Rosen-phylarchus Choræorum ejusdem nominis. müller. Potuit enim Ana et muliebre et virile nomen Mahalath. So the Sam. esse, quale p 22, 24, et hoc ipso Cap. Michaelis and Rosenmüller suppose that Oholibama vs. 41, est nom. virile; item the discrepancies between these verses and Thimna vs. 12, 22, est nom. femin., mascul. chap. xxvi. 34 are partly owing to the errors vero vs. 40. C. B. Michaelis conjecit, pro of some transcriber, and are partly to be legendum esse 7, tam vs. 20 et accounted for, by supposing that Esau's 24, ubi diserte dicitur, Anam filium fuisse wives and their parents bore two names. Zibeonis, non filiam; quam textus Samar. That Adah, the daughter of Elon the Hittite, et verss. antiquæ, LXX. sc. et Syrus, suadere xxxvi. 2, is the same as Bashemath, daughter possint. Hanc legendi rationem sequuti of Elon the Hittite, xxvi. 34. And that sunt J. D. Michaelis in versione vernacula Aholibamah [i.e., lofty tent], the daughter et in Biblioth. Orient., P. ix. p. 202, nec of Anah, the daughter [Michael., Rosen., non in Commentat. de Troglodytis Seiritis et the niece] of Zibeon the Hivite, xxxvi. 2 Themud. in Syntagm. Commentalt., P. I., [Michael, Rosen., read the Horite as in p. 194. §. 2; et Dathius in versione et in chap. xxxvi. 20], is the same as Judith nota ad h. 1. Mutavit tamen Michaelis sen[praiseworthy], the daughter of Beeri the tentiam in Supplemm., p. 191, et judicavit, Hittite, xxvi. 34. receptum esse genuinum. Primum enim non magnæ sunt auctoritates, Samaritanus et LXX. corrigere soliti, si quæ displicebant, et Syrus octavo seculo et LXX. Deinde in eodem hoc cap. vs. 14, eadem quæ hic verba leguntur, et vs. 3. Rosenmüller supposes that Bashemath [fragrant] is the same as Mahalath [sickly], xxviii. 9. For the reasons of this change of her name, see Bp. Patrick's note above. Esavus ceperat uxores suas e correctus. |