spinal cord one or more nervous centres from whence the nerves proceed that more or less supply the uterus.

"That in the human being there is some anatomical ground for believing the genito-spinal centre to be at or near the point of origin in the spinal cord of the fourth sacral nerve.

For a long time it has been regarded as probable that the spinal cord has a direct influence on the organs of generation. But it was Professor Budge of Greifswald who probably made the first definite experimental observations in regard to the influence of the lower part of the spinal cord on the motions of the generative organs.

Dr. Jewell's concluding remarks on this point are as follows: "These earlier experiments of Budge have since been controverted to a certain extent by Kupresson, but they have been reaffirmed by Budge, so that there can be but little if any doubt that a genito-spinal centre does exist in the lower part of the cord, which may be regarded as the immediate spinal nervous apparatus of the uterus. But why should we hesitate to admit that such a centre exists in the cord, even if the experimental proofs of its existence are not perfect, when we readily admit that respiratory, cardiac, vesical, anal, and other centres exist in some part of the nervous system?"

I think, however, that the existence of a genitospinal centre is now clearly enough established, and if so, it furnishes the missing link and enables me to close this chapter by briefly summing up my theory :

The reproductive germs in both male and female, whether prepared immediately or days before their

contact, are modified by physical and mental conditions up to the very last moment, as are all our secretions. The life-force-by whatsoever name it may be designated-which acts when the germs unite is governed by general laws and displays striking analogies to the magnetic forces in Nature. The superior germ rules-as "superiority" is sure to do, wherever it be placed-and, out-balancing the other, turns the scale of sex, but, subject to that unvarying magnetic law of opposites-which I conceive to embody the principle of universal equilibrium-produces its opposite. Hence, if the mother be more highly endowed, or even but temporarily more favourably conditioned than the father, the offspring will be of the male sex, and endued with more of the mother than of the father. The converse of this of course will obtain, and a "superior" father, on the same principle, will beget a daughter. The theory may appropriately be designated as that of SUPERIOR

OPPOSITES.

I am aware that nothing conclusively definite is here stated as to the real nature of "superiority." No thing positive is, however, known as to what constitutes life-force, energy, etc.,-what it is, in short, which makes the difference between one individual temperament and another; and while science is thus in the dark, no accurate definition can be given. But enough has been said to give the reader a clear idea of what is meant by superiority," and what it accomplishes, though what causes it, and what is its precise nature, must remain for the present obscure.

But how to determine accurately which is the "superior" parent, and the way to become "superior"

at will; how I was led to the discovery, and the irrefutable facts in history, together with data of a scientific, genealogical, and statistical nature, which render my position impregnable; the light that this discovery throws upon old theories; the practical value of this knowledge in every-day life, and how it enables us to solve numerous moral, social, and political problems, it will be the purpose of the succeeding chapters to explain.

CHAPTER VII.

WHAT INDICATES AND DETERMINES

SUPERIORITY."

The external, visible marks of "superiority"-At least three or four qualities necessary to constitute "superiority "-" Superiority" as indicated by the temperament, complexion, will, etc.-Characteristics of the nervous temperament-The nervous-bilious temperament defined-Advantages and disadvantages of the sanguine temperamentThe lymphatic temperament-Persons of this class decidedly "inferior" -Activity an indication of "superiority"-A well-developed nervous organization "superior" to all-Complexion-Dark complexions generally "superior"-The colour of the hair, eyes, and skin in relation to human temperaments-Fair persons should marry those of red or dark complexions-Will or decision-The result of the combined influence of several organs-Napoleon a remarkable exampleWill-power favourable to "superiority"-The muscular system-The nutritive system low in the scale-Weak digestion often accompanies an active brain-Personal marks of "superiority"—The head and its indications-The forehead-The veins-The brow-The eyes-The nose-The mouth and lips-The teeth-The chin-The face, cheeks, and neck-The hand-Activity, physical and mental-Spasmodic and incessant activity-Attempt to analyse activity-Activity of speech usually favourable-Also activity of walk-Consideration of the couples figured in the forty portraits at the end of the workRace a factor in the determination of sex-Extreme inequality favourable to sterility-Bearing of this fact on the origin of speciesIts influence recognised by the late Mr. Darwin-The principle of adjustment elucidated-Individual "superiority" not overruled by heredity, but accounted for.

I

SHALL in this chapter define the external, visible indications of " Superiority." This is a very important part of my theory, and with the ample explanations given and the illustrations at the end of the book, no one, I think, will experience any difficulty in discovering the "superior superior" of any given couple. There is no single infallible point, or feature, which will settle the question in every case; man

is such a complex machine that it is impossible to decide without taking into consideration at least three or four of his distinguishing mental and physical traits, both permanent and transient.

As in treating of population we found different factors involved, so now, in dealing with individuals, we find different standards from which to make our estimates of "superiority." In society we are disposed to class men according to their titles, their fortunes, or their general appearance. Nature, however, adopts a different standard from any of these: it must be borne in mind that it is Nature's estimate that I am here trying to present; and I doubt not that the more one observes and judges for himself, especially among his acquaintances, the more convinced he will be that Nature substantially determines the sexes in accordance with the principles I have set forth.

It is manifest, from what has been said in the preceding chapter, that there is no direct method of determining the "superiority" of any individual, but "superiority" will assuredly make its existence evident by various characteristic indications on the physical frame or the mental constitution of the individual, and by these we must judge. I propose to consider a few of these in the following order :

Temperament, as indicated by general appearance and habits.-Complexion, as indicative of constitutional differences.-Will, as characteristic of mental qualities. The reproductive system.-The muscular and osseous system. The nutritive system.

Special features.-Head-forehead-veins-brows