and due proportion of that paragraph. better to develop the thought, in deta immediately following. Separate trea will permit the reader to dwell upo amplified, long enough for him to appre importance. The amplifying paragrap in enforcing an idea in a particular wa contribute to the main purpose of the an amplifying paragraph consists of d or illustrate the idea of the preceding p The following is in point: Was th [The thought of the preceding paragraph is sides, a tragic and a comic.] We read Mrs. C and find them very funny. To poor Caudle We make merry over Jack Falstaff. Prince Hal laughed at the comedy. King Hen the tragedy. Who so funny as Dogberry? stupidity are irresistible. But suppose him t had been to the schools, who knew that 'vagra vagrom,' who had been proud of her father's hoped for a certain social elevation from it, a mortified at the exhibition he was making of reformer to have been present who was indignar hold office. . . . Neither of these would se Poetry, Comedy, and Duty, p. 169. 6 Other examples of amplifying paragraphs will be found cises provided for by the outlines in Appendix A 12 should n reference to the formation of a variety of introductory, trans cluding paragraphs, wherever these appear to be necessary. suggested in connection with the list published in Appendix 2. THE WRITING OF ESS Up to this point in our study, we hav at paragraph. In such a case it is ought, in detail, in the paragraph Separate treatment of this kind to dwell upon the thought thus r him to appreciate its bearing and ying paragraph is of especial value. particular way and in making it rpose of the composition. Often consists of details which enforce e preceding paragraph as a whole. paragraph is that everything has two We read Mrs. Caudle's curtain lectures, poor Caudle they were not all fun. staff. Was there no tragedy there? ly. King Henry saw the full force of s Dogberry? His blunders and his uppose him to have a daughter who w that 'vagrant' was not pronounced f her father's appointment, and had ion from it, and was proportionally as making of himself; or suppose a was indignant that such men should se would see the joke. - Everett: s will be found in Appendix D 3. The exer x A 12 should now be resumed, with especial foductory, transitional, amplifying, and cono be necessary. Another useful exercise is ed in Appendix E. required notice on account of their from isolated paragraphs. The stu led, through exercises in the writin and a study of paragraph structure, torical forms and functions, is prep composition of those groups or seri we call articles or essays. In ou attention will be concentrated not paragraph but upon the whole essay object of attention necessitates a co our method of presenting the subjec usual division of discourse, we sha descriptive essay, the narrative essa and the argumentative essay, point each, those principles and cautions v most useful in actual writing. (a) THE DESCRIPTIV In studying types of paragraph st student was given some practice in said there of descriptive paragrap force to the descriptive essay, which larger and more extensive form of graph. (1) Province and Kinds o The descriptive essay has for its tion, in language, of a picture of mental state or character The ob (2) Selection of a Su The value of a description depend observation and effectiveness in report The advantage is evident, therefore, of description which the writer has himse which he has himself experienced, cha has himself been brought in contact. acters close at hand afford the best m tion. A room, a scene, a face, a pi character, well known to the describer jects than similar themes taken from h second hand. A list of subjects suitable for short descriptions may b (3) Outlining the Sub Material objects carry their own o The observer discovers the main outlin wishes to describe and arranges them in they appear to him. As the main featu object are few in number, the corresp the outline will be few, and distinctly details, so far as these require mention, subdivisions of the main headings to tively belong. In selecting features for prominence is the rule that governs arranging the details for the subhead proximity is to be followed. Descriptio ection of a Subject. iption depends upon clearness of ness in reporting what is observed. , therefore, of selecting objects for iter has himself seen, mental states perienced, characters with which he nt in contact. Objects and charrd the best materials for descrip a face, a picture, a building, a the describer, furnish better subtaken from history or reported at descriptions may be found in Appendix C 2. ning the Subject. their own outlines with them. • main outlines of the object he nges them in the order in which e main features of any material the corresponding headings in d distinctly stated. The lesser ire mention, will be arranged as headings to which they respec features for the main headings, at governs; in selecting and subheadings, the order of character fur last; lesser traits are arranged as s in the order of similarity or of cont Specimen outlines in description are given in App ical analysis, including work in discovering outline gested in Appendix E. (4) Purpose in De Every descriptive essay has a pu the purpose is not directly expresse it will usually be in the conclusi purpose may be merely to convey here it will be information to a certa scription will show what the end is. scape-gardener will describe a tree purpose may be no more definite t able or an unfavorable impression and yet, though nowhere avowed in the whole description. For examp school-room may all tend to show th in lighting, care, or ventilation. A so as to produce the same feeling of that was produced in the observer. may excite admiration, or reverence It is the hidden purpose which give tiveness, and individuality to a desc (5) Point of V The purpose determines the point character and coloring to the whole 'point of view,' is used in two sense H appear to him from that point. It m describing extensive objects (as a la art gallery), for the describer to change but the imaginary path which he follov marked and due notice of each change the reader by some such expression a the interior of the building, etc." But evident in the expression, point of viev a description is written from the point o or interested, or sympathetic observer; of view of the scientist, or the reform the expression here referring to the s] observer. Let the student determine the point of view of any de the most advantageous position from which to view the sch the point of view which would be required in describing a w of a river, or the interior of a large manufactory. In the w is the point of view of Green's description of Elizabeth (Sh People, chap. vii.), of Irving's description of Wouter va York, Book III. chap. i.), of Johnson's description of th chap. i.)? (6) Selection of Detail The purpose also influences the se The few details will be chosen which a and characteristic of the thing described will be said to give a unified picture, th especially emphasized which tend to bri purpose and to make the reader see Whatever the purpose may be, the p special mention are not those which described has in common with other o class, but those in which it differs and is Let the student make a list of the details selected for m |