o be used as a paragraph-title, For Studying Latin." The title he theme, but should not overmes may be used as titles with found in the newspapers and in the marginal a Britannica, Gardiner's Thirty Years' War, -n's Age of Elizabeth, and Hallam's Works. nd in the editorial columns of the newspapers are usually printed without titles. general subjects each of which the student is ons, to an available working theme and then tudent may also be given practice in discovparagraphs in Appendix B, and in providing a D PARAGRAPH. s defined, in the last chapter, in itself gives an adequate pf a single phase of any subequate treatment" is meant, a given subject, but enough ever that may chance to be. e treatment sufficiently comer's purpose. A paragraph, ten by itself, is unified and fying effect, may (for puran isolated paragraph, even or part of a chapter of a raph taken from Thomas trate this satisfying effect, lives with In the present chapter we shall disregard thos found in related paragraphs of various kinds (which shall study all the paragraphs quoted in this as inde] such isolation and study of the paragraph as a comp dent be given a sense for paragraphic unity and sequ value in itself, since the writing of single, unrelated feature of newspaper and magazine work. 1. PARAGRAPH SI Every paragraph should have a cl development of which each sentenc is usually expressed definitely and u sentences of the paragraph, called topic-sentence is generally most el striking. It is often found to be, h tence in itself, but only a part of a being obviously preparatory to its tion. Sometimes the topic-sentenc definitely. In such a paragraph th that is said. The test of a good p the possibility of phrasing the main in a single sentence. Whether exp fore, the topic-sentence should exist the mind of the writer while cons and the bearing of each sentence should be clear and distinct. (a) WHERE THE TOPIC-SENTENC (1) Stated F Many paragraphs require a fo theme. This is usually true when usually announced in the first sentence. illustrate : America as a nation may not be in favor of the care of distant colonies, but [Topic-sentenc enterprise is penetrating to every part of th When Stanley was in Chicago he told a gro certain kind of cloth, used exclusively among was made in New England. The English have trade, but have been unsuccessful. Nothing but will go. [Example] The railroad through the is nishes another example of Yankee enterprise. by two rich New Yorkers and by Mr. Eastma millionaire. Chicago Herald. In the following paragraph, the topic-se and is afterwards re-stated in the quota fourth sentence, as a practical precept. The one fatal mistake which is committed who have the scarcely desirable gift of half-ge inspiration." They pass week after week in a unprofitable alike to the mind and the purse, unde for intellectual flashes like those which came to Na fields. They ought to remember the advice g greatest artists of the seventeenth century to a acquaintance. "Practise assiduously what you al course of time other things will become clear to tions come only to the disciplined; the indolent w Hamerton: Intellectual Life, p. 449. Find paragraphs, in Appendix B, in which the topic-sentenc (2) Stated First and Last. Sometimes, to emphasize the leading ide -aph-Writing. rst sentence. The following will be in favor of burdening itself with [Topic-sentence] individual American -ery part of the globe. [Example] he told a group of reporters that a usively among the natives of Africa, e English have tried to supersede this 1. Nothing but the American brand I through the island of Jamaica fure enterprise. It is owned principally y Mr. Eastman, a La Crosse, Wis., , the topic-sentence comes first in the quotation given in the 1 precept. is committed habitually by people gift of half-genius is "waiting for ter week in a state of indolence, he purse, under pretext of waiting Ich came to Napoleon on his battlethe advice given by one of the century to a young painter of his y what you already know, and in The inspiraome clear to you." the indolent wait for them in vain. 49. the topic-sentence is stated first. cuit of the thought and gives the roundness to the whole idea. This mendable in spoken paragraphs, the being a notification to the hearer th point in hand is finished. The f these statements: [Topic-sentence] The grand reason f want to strengthen the credit of the State a insurances. [Example] If any one doub position of the United States. That grand on the water could hardly fight Spain; bu by strenuous paying, and every one know to blow Spain out of the water, or to co could buy and complete one in twelve Her payment of her debt is an insurance, against attack. London [England] Spec I begin with the postulate, that [Topi our nature to desire happiness. This law not temporary, but eternal. It is not a tions, for it knows no exception. [Exa martyr welcome fierce pains, not because they love some expected remuneration of are willing to purchase it at the price of imprisonment, torture, or death. [An desire happiness more keenly than any ot spontaneous, exuberant; and nothing but flows of the lava of disappointment can b breast. On this law of our nature, ther immovable foundation of truth. Whate argument, our premises are secure. [To] desire of happiness is active in all men. for a Young Man, p. 8. Find paragraphs, in Appendix B, in which the to st and Last. leading idea, the topic-sennd at the end of a to The dat (3) Stated La before the proposition is stated. In suc sentence may be delayed until the close This plan will usually be found expedient is not likely to be favorably received if the beginning, when the topic-sentence o come truth, or when some new idea is pres reader is not at once prepared to assent. We have new evidence of the treacherous c Indians in the tragedy at Wounded Knee Cree roundings are considered their treachery is not The Sioux lad is taught that duplicity, lying, bloodshed are the manly attributes. He must shedding blood, but is nothing but a "squaw 1 his belt. Then he is fed by the Government, cl ment, sheltered by the Government that is, m idleness, while he broods over real or fancied wr worked up to the proper pitch of frenzy he wa and generally does kill somebody if he is not ki been the Government policy to treat the India rather than as the dangerous brute that he i The events of the present Indian outbreak ha the policy of gentleness is disastrous both to th Indian.- · The Press (N.Y.). In the following paragraph the subject, at in the second sentence, is purposely definite statement until the very last sent I will not ask your pardon for endeavoring t subject of Greek Mythology; but I must ask yo proach it in a temper differing from that in w treated. We cannot justly interpret the religion we are prepared to admit that we ourselves, as w to error in matters of faith; and that the convic d. In such cases the topicthe close of the paragraph. expedient when the thought eceived if stated abruptly at sentence contains an unwellea is presented to which the For example: o assent. acherous character of the Sioux When their surKnee Creek. hery is not a subject for wonder. ity, lying, treachery, theft, and He must be very wily about squaw" until he has a scalp at nment, clothed by the Governthat is, maintained in absolute When he gets ancied wrongs. zy he wants to kill somebody, is not killed himself. It has the Indian as a spoiled child that he is. [Topic-sentence] break have made it clear that oth to the country and to the may sometimes be superficial, and that a once have been sincere. It is the task of t errors of antiquity and of the Philologist t only pray you to read with patience, a thoughts of men who lived without blame not dispel; and to remember that, what justly attach to the saying, "There is no deeper, and less pardonable, in saying, "Th - Ruskin Queen of the Air. Find paragraphs, in Appendix B, in which the topi (b) SUBJECT IMP In a large number of cases, howe be stated so directly; it is not foun sentence anywhere in the paragraph by the reader from the effect prod paragraph as a whole. If the effect oneness and of unity, the reader wil himself, in thought, the theme of the test of a good paragraph will alway this. But a paragraph cannot produ upon the reader unless there was uni in the mind of the writer when the It is of especial importance, therefo graphs which have no formally stated the writer to his theme, that the prominently in mind while const This is very important in writing na paragraphs. In these, it is seldom pressed in so many words. Yet a go tive writer will so marshal his deta be single. The following paragraph of whic |