On the 12th of May, 1780, Carolina witnessed the mournful spectacle of an army of freemen, piling their arms, and surrendering themselves prisoners of war. Here ended the ca

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reer of major general Moultrie as a military man. mained a prisoner until nearly the close of the American war, when he was exchanged at Philadelphia, and returned to South Carolina, where he was received with proud and enthusiastic joy. His slaves, although having every opportunity, during the war, to abandon his service, not one of them done so. On hearing of his return, they crouded around their venerable master to kiss his hand, and to show their attachment to his person and fortune, by the tears of rapturous joy which they shed, at being once more permitted to behold him. He had the pleasure of witnessing the evacuation of Charleston, shortly after his arrival at home, and of seeing peace return "with healing in her wings, and majesty in her beams," to irradiate the prospects of America.

The subsequent life of Moultrie was one of tranquility, and presents nothing very striking or interesting. He was once governor of South Carolina. He died at Charleston, September 27, 1805, in the seventy sixth year of his age.

The character of general Moultrie, as an officer, a man, and a citizen, was unexceptionable. The glory of his services was surpassed by his disinterestedness and integrity.

MUHLENBERG, PETER, a brave and distinguished officer during the revolutionary war, was a native of Pennsylvania. In early life he yielded to the wishes of his venerable father, the patriarch of the German Lutheran church in Pennsylvania, by becoming a minister of the Episcopal church, and participating in the spirit of the times, exchanged his clerical profession for that of a soldier. Having in his pulpit inculcated the principles of liberty, and the cause of his country, he found no difficulty in enlisting a regiment of soldiers, and he was appointed their commander. He entered the pulpit with his sword and cockade, preached his farewell sermon, and the next day marched at the head of his regiment to join the army.

In the year 1776, he became a member of the convention, and afterwards a colonel of a regiment of that state. In the year 1777, he was appointed a brigadier general in the revolutionary army, in which capacity he acted until the termination of the war which gave liberty and independence to his country, at which time he was promoted to the rank of major general. General Muhlenberg was a particular favorite of the commander in chief, and he was one of those brave men, in whose coolness, decision of character; and undaunted resolution, he could ever rely. It has been asserted with some

degree of confidence, that it was general Muhlenberg, who commanded the American storming party at Yorktown, the honour of which station has been attributed, by the different histories of the American revolution, to another person. It is, however, a well known fact, that he acted a distinguished and brave part at the siege of Yorktown.

After the peace, general Muhlenberg was chosen by his fellow citizens of Pennsylvania, to fill in succession the various stations of vice president of the supreme executive council of Pennsylvania, member of the house of representatives, and senator of the United States; and afterwards appointed by the president of the United States, supervisor of the excise in Pennsylvania, and finally, collector of the port of Philadelphia, which office he held at the time of his death. In all the above military and political stations, general Muhlenberg acted faithfully to his country and honourably to himself. He was brave in the field, and firm in the cabinet. In private life he was strictly just; in his domestic and social attachments, he was affectionate and sincere; and in his intercourse with his fellow citizens, always amiable and unassuming.

He died on the 1st day of October, 1807, in the sixty-second year of his age, at his seat near Schuylkill, Montgomery county, Pennsylvania.

NELSON, THOMAS, governor of Virginia, was a distinguished patriot in the revolution, and uniformly ardent in his attachment to liberty. He was among the first of that glorious band of patriots, whose exertions dashed and defeated the machinations of British tyranny; and gave to America, freedom and independent empire. At a most important crisis, during our struggle for American liberty, when Virginia appeared to be designated as the theatre of action for the contending armies, he was selected by the unanimous suffrage of the legislature to command the virtuous yeomanry of his country; in which honourable employment he remained to the end of the war. As a soldier, he was indefatigably active, and cooly intrepid. Resolute and undejected in misfortunes, he towered above distress; and struggled with the manifold difficulties, to which his situation exposed him, with constancy and courage.

In the year 1781, when the force of the southern British army was directed to the immediate subjugation of that state, he was called to the helm of government, and took the field, at the head of his countrymen. The commander in chief, and the officers at the siege at Yorktown, witnessed his merit and attachment to civil and religious liberty. He was an intrepid soldier and an able statesman. He died in February,

1789.

OGDEN, MATTHIAS, a brigadier general in the army of the United States, took an early and a decided part in the revolutionary war with Great Britain. He joined the army at Cambridge, and such was his zeal and resolution, that he accompanied Arnold in penetrating through the wilderness to Canada. He was engaged in the attack upon Quebec, and was carried wounded from the place of engagement. On his return from this expedition he was appointed to the command of a regiment, in which station he continued until the conclusion of the war. When peace took place he was honoured with a commission of brigadier general. He died at Elizabeth town, New Jersey, March 31, 1791. He was distinguished for his liberality and philanthrophy.

OLNEY, JEREMIAH, commenced his military career at the earliest period of the defensive revolutionary war, and became the companion in arms of the immortal Washington, under whose auspicious command (frequently as the chief officer of the Rhode Island forces) he nobly persevered, through all the trying, changing scenes of the revolution, till a glorious independence emancipated his beloved country, and in "peace, liberty, and safety," ranked her among the nations of the earth. His heroism at Red Bank, Springfield, Monmouth, Yorktown, and other places where "men's souls" were tried, will be honourably registered by the pen of the faithful historian in the annals of his country, and will embalm his memory to all posterity.

The life of this amiable and highly revered gentleman, was distinguished by the most undeviating honour and integrity, from which no interest could swerve him, no danger appal him. To his innate love and ardent practice of truth and justice, were united a disposition the most social and endearing, a philantrophy the most exalted, and a hospitality the most unostentatious and interesting to the finer feelings of the heart. To every branch of his numerous and respectable family, to all his associates and neighbours, he was ever attentive and affectionate, and to those whom he knew were oppressed with sickness, sorrow and misfortune, he was a liberal, active comforter: a friend indeed! Even his servants he humanely considered his humble friends," and treated them accordingly. Indeed, all who were connected or associated with him, by affinity, friendship. or patronage, will long remember him with the most lively gratitude and regard, mingled with sentiments of the tenderest regret. His many virtues were numerous and exemplary, as he wisely regulated his conduct by his revered monitor, conscience: the incorruptible vicegerent of the most high God. As a citizen, he was public spirited; as a patriot soldier, ardent, judicious and intrepid.

He was for many years collector of the customs of the port and district of Providence, Rhode Island, and president of the society of Cincinnati of that state. He died the tenth of November, 1812, in the sixty third year of his age.

OTIS, JAMES, a distinguished patriot and statesman, was the son of the honorable James Otis, of Barnstable, Massachusetts, and was graduated at Harvard college, in 1743. After pursuing the study of the law under Mr. Gridley, the first lawyer and civilian of his time, at the age of twenty one he began the practice at Plymouth. In 1761, he distinguished himself by pleading against the writs of assistance, which the officers of the customs had applied for to the judges of the supreme court. His antagonist was Mr. Gridley. He was in this or the following year, chosen a member of the legislature of Massachusetts, in which body the powers of his eloquence, the keenness of his wit, the force of his arguments, and the resources of his intellect, gave him a most commanding influence. When the arbitrary claims of Great Britain were advanced, he warmly engaged in defence of the colonies, and was the first champion of American freedom who had the courage to affix his name to a production that stood forth against the pretensions of the parent state. He was a member of the congress which was held at New York, in 1765, in which year his Rights of the Colonies Vindicated, a pamphlet, occasioned by the stamp act, and which was considered as a masterpiece, both of good writing and of argument, was published in London. For the boldness of his opinions he was threatened with arrest; yet he continued to support the rights of his fellow citizens. He resigned the office of judge advocate in 1767, and renounced all employment under an administration which had encroached upon the liberties of his country. His warm passions sometimes betrayed him into unguarded epithets, that gave his enemies an advantage, without benefit to the cause which lay nearest his heart.Being vilified in the public papers, he in return published some severe strictures on the conduct of the commissioners of the customs, and others of the ministerial party. A short time afterwards, on the evening of the 5th of September 1769, he met Mr. John Robinson, one of the commissioners, in a public room, and an affray followed, in which he was assaulted by a number of ruffians, who left him and a young gentleman, who interposed in his defence, covered with wounds. The wounds were not mortal, but his usefulness was destroyed, for his reason was shaken from its throne, and the great man in ruins lived several years the grief of his friends. In an interval of reason he forgave the men who had done him an irreparable injury, and relinquished the sum

of five thousand pounds sterling, which Mr. Robinson had been, by a civil process, adjudged to pay, on his signing a humble acknowledgment. He lived to see, but not fully to enjoy, the independence of America, an event towards which his efforts had greatly contributed. At length on the twenty third day of May, 1783, as he was leaning on his cane at the door of Mr. Osgood's house in Andover, he was struck by a flash of lightning; his soul was instantly liberated from its shattered tenement, and sent into eternity.

"It is a singular coincidence, that he often expressed a wish for such a fate. He told his sister, Mrs. Warren, after his reason was impaired, "My dear sister I hope when God Almighty in his righteous providence shall take me out of time into eternity, that it will be by a flash of lightning," and this idea he often repeated.

"There is a degree of consolation blended with awe in the manner of his death, and a soothing fitness in the sublime accident which occasioned it. The end of his life was ennobled, when the ruins of a great mind, instead of being undermined by loathsome and obscure disease, were demolished at once by a bright bolt from Heaven.

His body was taken to Boston, and his funeral was attended with every mark of respect, and exhibited one of the most numerous processions ever seen in the town.

"Mr. Otis was one of the master spirits who began and conducted an opposition, which at first. was only designed to counteract and defeat an arbitrary administration, but which ended in a revolution, emancipated a continent. and established by the example of its effects, a lasting influence on all the governments of the civilized world.

"He espoused the cause of his country, not merely becauseit was popular, but because he said that its prosperity, freedom and honor, would be all diminished, if the usurpation of the British parliament was successful. His enemics constantly represented him as a demagogue, yet no man was less so. His character was too liberal, proud and honest, to play that part. He led public opinion by the energy which conscious strength, elevated views and quick feelings inspire, and was followed with that deference and reliance which great talents instinctively command. These were the qualifications that made him, for many years, the oracle and guide of the patriotic party.

"As in every case of public or private oppression, he was willing to volunteer in the cause of the suffering. and in many instances where he thought the occasion would justify it, he employed his talents gratuitously, his enemies were forced to acknowledge his liberality.