offices: From the Phonetic Institute at Bath he has been awarded the following certificates, namely: 2nd Class (Theory), March, 1895; 1st Class (Speed), May and December, 1895; Full Proficiency, January, 1896; Teacher's Registration Certificate, December,_1896. He has the unique distinction of being the only Fellow of the Incorporated Phonographic Society in Ceylon, having been elected in April, 1896, and he was appointed the local representative of the Society in July, 1899. When the National Union of Typists was amalgamated with the Typists' Section of the Incorporated Phonographic Society, Mr Rodrigo was appointed local representative and superintendent of the examinations in typewriting conducted by the Section; in July, 1903, Mr Rodrigo was appointed superintendent in Ceylon for shorthand examinations. As a set-off to the varied mental activities enumerated above, Mr Rodrigo is known as an enthusiastic and efficient Volunteer. He is a sergeant in the Medical Corps of the Ceylon Light Infantry, and devotes a portion of the leisure of his busy life to scientific drill. THE INSTITUTE OF SHORTHAND We are requested to announce that the Institute of Shorthand Writers, Ireland, has now been launched, and a draft scheme adopted which will be submitted to a public meeting to be held in Dublin in the near future. Those who have received copies of the preliminary circular, and who have not yet replied giving their views and suggestions, are earnestly requested to communicate at once with Mr M. T. O'Malley, secretary pro tem., 19 Phibsboro road, Dublin, as it is absolutely necessary to have as much support as possible, so that the Institute may be self-supporting. The objects of the Institute are the improvement of the position and qualifi cations of shorthand writers in Ireland, and those objects will be carried out by all or any of the following means:(a) by organizing the shorthand writers of Ireland; (b) by examination; (c) by a situation bureau; (d) by the publication of a shorthand writers' journal; (e) by the holding of periodical meetings and conferences; or by such other means as the council of management may from time to time determine. The Institute will be open to writers of all systems, and will be managed by a council of eighteen including President, Vice-President, Treasurer and Secretary, to be elected annually by the direct votes of the members, each member to have one vote only. A certain proportion of the committee of management will consist of shorthand teachers. A committee of selection will be appointed to consider the claims of those desiring to become Fellows, or those applying for shorthand teacher's certificates during the first six months after the inauguration of the Institute, at the proposed public meeting above referred to. The first members will be those who, during the first six months after the inauguration of the Institute, shall produce satisfactory evidence of having been (1) practical shorthand writers for three years; or (2) practical shorthand writers for one year, and holding a speed certificate for 80 words per minute. After the expiration of six months, every applicant for Fellowship, or membership, or for the shorthand teacher's certificate, must pass an examination, a syllabus of which will be drawn up by an Examinations Committee after the inauguration of the Institute. It is proposed that the Institute be divided into fellows and members only, and the suggested annual subscription for both grades is 5s. a year. A good deal of controversy centred round the question of shorthand teachers, their position in the Institute, and the shorthand teacher's certificate, and after considerable discus ་་ sion at a meeting held on 10th Oct., the following resolution was carried on the motion of Mr O'Malley, seconded by Mr W. McEvoy, and supported by Mr G. A. Wilson :—" During the first six months of the Institute's existence every member or Fellow of the Institute who shall produce satis factory evidence that he has been bona fide engaged in the teaching of shorthand for the previous ten years, shall be entitled to receive the Institute's 'shorthand teacher's certificate' on payment of the prescribed fee; or who shall possess qualifications which in the opinion of the Committee of Selection are equal to those required to pass the examination of the Institute for such shorthand teacher's certificate, and for the purposes of this rule the Committee of Selection appointed under rule 26 shall be the Committee of Selection here referred to." The following provisional committee have been acting in the matter so far:-Miss C. A. Harron; Messrs J. Gore, J. Moles, B.L., P. J. McIvor, G. A. Wilson, F. J. Keane, G. W. Bunbury, B. F. Higgins, J. C. Mahoney, J. McElroy, P. J. Hanway, R. Foley, H. du Boys, W. Reid, H. A. Norton, E. J. Bonser, W. McEvoy, W. D. Gillespie, F. C. Wallis Healy, M.J.I., M.S.A. (Secretary of the Irish Association District of the Institute of Journalists), J. J. Crampton, Miss B. F. Tomkins, M. J. McCarthy, B.A. Mr M. T. O'Malley, Hon. Sec., Dublin Shorthand and Literary Association, has acted as Secretary pro tem. MANCHESTER CENTRAL COMMERCIAL SCHOOL. The Manchester Evening News of 20th Oct. contained an appreciative notice of the Central Commercial School at Manchester, and of the important new departures in connection therewith. The student is now offered facilities for three years' progressive instruction in banking, accountancy, book-keeping, or secretarial work; also courses which will fit him for a high position in municipal and public offices, or prepare him for Civil Service examinations. Special classes for railway clerks are held, and the general scheme also includes instruction in such matters as insurance, conveyancing, company law, and stockbroking. In one room twenty typewriters click responsively to the nimble or awkward fingers of young ladies and youths, and half-a-dozen classes, all well filled, learn something of the life-work of Sir Isaac Pitman, some covering note-books with his hieroglyphics at any speed up to 140 word signs a minute. Timesaving expedients are indispensable in these hurrying days, and these two, shorthand especially, are more sought after every year. It is possible to hear nine different languages in the school in the course of half an hour or so. The curriculum includes instruction in French (for which there are many pupils), German, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Danish, Russian, modern Greek, and Latin. One hears of former students who, having mastered four or even five of these, are now in odd corners of the world developing English commerce. In all the classes the ordinary conversation between teachers and pupils is carried on in the language which is being taken. Among various excellent features is mentioned an employment bureau, managed by Mr Nixon, to whom many former students have to acknowledge indebtedness for good positions in life. LEGAL ASSISTANTS' INSTITUTE.-The winter session of the Sheffield Association is about to commence. The Sheffield district includes Rotherham and Chesterfield districts, and all solicitors' clerks and others engaged in legal business are eligible for membership. Mr W. H. Willicombe, of 16 Nairn street, Crookes, Sheffield, is the Secretary, and will be pleased to furnish any information on receipt of a stamped addressed envelope. Local Associations have been formed in Liverpool, Manchester, Bristol and Bradford. Any who are desirous of forming local associations in other large centres can have the necessary information and copy of rules by applying to Mr Willicombe, and enclosing a stamped addressed (foolscap) envelope. his cheque for same Received 26.-B. Earnest returned goods, invoiced at Sent him credit note 27.-Sold goods for cash £49 IOS. 400 00054000 O O O O 249 15 3 49 IO 74 O T. Watson, who purchased goods for cash on the 13th inst., returned part, invoiced at Not wishing to take these back into stock, I arranged with him to retain them, I allowing him a reduction of 28. Sent T. Watson credit note 37 0 0 .. 12 15 Provide for one month's rent at £150 per annum, and for rates, etc. due, estimated at £15. The Royal Alphabet School. An interesting method of learning to read, recite, write and draw, and an easy introduction to Sir Isaac Pitman's Shorthand by S. Croft. Illustrations by Honor C. Appleton. Primer 2. The Letters E. and I. Part I. Crown 8vo, cloth, price 6d. net. London: Thomas Murby, 3 Ludgate Circus buildings, E.C. In this work Mrs Croft has continued and developed the exposition of her original and useful kindergarten and phonetic methods of learning to read, spell and pronounce, as introduced in her first work which we noticed in our issue of 4th July. By means of carefully selected vocabularies, bright original verses, and attractive stories, a knowledge of the vowels e and i, long and short, and of the consonant sounds according to Sir Isaac Pitman's classification, is imparted. The method improves the scholar's pronunciation and ability in reading, and inculcates at the same time the principles on which Pitman's Shorthand is based. LEGAL TERMS, PHRASES, AND ABBREVIATIONS FOR TYPISTS, AND SHORTHAND AND OTHER BY THE AUTHOR OF "ELEMENTARY LAW FOR IV. MISCELLANEOUS TERMS (CONTinued). Injurious Affection. This term is almost exclusively employed in relation to injury sustained to property in certain cases in which the owner of the property is debarred from the usual and ordinary right of getting an injunction to stop the works that are causing, or are likely, if continued, to cause the injury complained of. If my neighbour pulls down his house and erects another, I may, as soon as it becomes evident that his works will injure my premises by depriving them of the light, or some other lawful advantage that they previously enjoyed, apply to the court to restrain him by injunction from erecting his building in such a way as to cause the damage. But if a railway company or other public or quasi-public body, having obtained the authority of Parliament to execute certain works-to construct a railway, to build a railway station, to erect offices for use in connection with their railway, etc.-proceeds to execute the authorised works, I cannot, however much those particular works may damage my premises, get an injunction against the company to prevent them from completing their works. Parliament having sanctioned the works, the court will not step in and over-ride the decision embodied in an Act of Parliament. When the bill was before the House I could have taken steps to make my objections known to the legislature, and my objections might or might not have prevailed. But I and all other subjects of His Majesty are bound by the provisions of an Act of Parliament. My only remedy if my premises are in any way injured by reason of the execution of works authorized by that Act, is to make a claim against the company for damages. This is what is known as a claim for injurious affection," that is to say, a claim arising in consequence of my premises being injuriously affected. The claim can be dealt with under the Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, 1845. which provides a special machinery for disposing of all claims for compensation where lands are taken and where they are only injuriously affected. Jactitation of Marriage-This expression refers to an offence not very often heard of in modern life, though legal text-books are careful to point out that when the offence does Occur the aggrieved party has a legal remedy available. Jactitation consists of boasting that you are married to some other person, when, in fact, you are not so married. This is considered to be so serious a thing to do, that the court, if its aid be invoked for the purpose, will order a jactitator-as the boastful person is called-to discontinue his boasting, and to be silent on the subject for ever after. Joint and Several-Jointly and Severally.-These expressions are common in legal documents. A "joint and several affidavit " is an affidavit made by two or more persons containing some statements which both or all the deponents join in making, and other statements in which each one of them separately, or some one of them apart from the others, makes, and for which he alone is responsible. The latter the separate-statements are said to be made severally, and the deponents are said to swear severally to them. It is usual in preparing a joint and several affidavit to state at the beginning of the affidavit that the persons named "jointly and severally make oath and say as follows," and to preface the particular paragraphs of the affidavit which contain their joint statements by the formula: "And we the said A. B., C. D., and E. F., for ourselves say," and similarly to preface the particular paragraph or paragraphs Another frequently occurring employment of the term is in what is called a joint and several covenant in a deed. This is a covenant by which two or more persons pledge themselves jointly, and each one of them pledges himself individually, to do the act covenanted to be done, or by which all the covenantors bind themselves together, and each one of them binds himself separately, to the truth or the accuracy of the statement made in the covenant. In such a case the covenanting parties are said to be jointly and severally liable that is to say, if the covenant be one for payment of money, all the covenanting parties can be sued together for the amount, or any one of them can be separately sued for it. A covenant in such a case begins "And the said A. B., C. D., and E. F. [mentioning all the persons who enter into the covenant] hereby jointly and severally covenant with the said G. H. as follows." The Bills of Exchange Act, 1882, provides that a promissory note may be made by two or more persons, and that they may be liable upon it jointly, or jointly and severally, "according to its tenor." It further provides-to meet a difficulty that sometimes arose before the Act was passedthat where a promissory note commences with the words "I promise to pay," and is signed by two or more persons, it is to be deemed their joint and several note. Failure to alter the personal pronoun will not relieve any signer of the liability that would have attached to him if the grammatical amendment had been made. The Articles of Association of a joint stock company usually contain a stipulation to the effect that "Joint holders of a share shall be jointly and severally liable to the payment of all calls in respect thereof." This means that if they make default in payment of a call, proceedings may be taken against all of them, or against any one of them for the amount of the call. As between themselves each one may be responsible only for an equal proportion of the call, but as between themselves and the company, each one of them is liable for the whole amount. (To be continued. Commenced in No. 1.) FOREIGN COMMERCIAL EXERCISES. GERMAN. 108. OesterreichisCHE SÜDBAHN. Wie bereits gemeldet1, hat sich der Curator der Südbahn-Prioritäten, Dr Siegfried Gross, über die Eingabe des Troppauer Advocaten Dr Eibuschitz, um Aufstellung eines zweiten Curators für die 4procentigen Südbahn-Prioritäten in negativem Sinne geäussert. Dr Eibuschitz ist bereits in den beiden letzten Generalversammlungen der Südbahn als Wortführer? einer kleineren Zahl von österreichischen Südbahn-Actionären aufgetreten. Er vertrat damals den Standpunkt, dass die sogenannte Währungsfrage10 auf gerichtlichem Wege zu entscheider." sei, d. h., dass durch richterliches Urtheil12 festgestellt werden möge, ob die Südbahn, welche den Dienst ihrer Prioritäten von Anbeginn13 her in Gold leistet1, nach dem Text dieser Schuldverschreibung nicht berechtigt sei, Verzinsung 15 und Tilgung 16 in Silber vorzunehmen17. Da das durch die Währungsrelation für immerwährende18 Zeit festgelegte1 Goldagio etwa 19 pCt. beträgt, so würde die Versehung des Prioritätendienstes in Silber eine Entlastunga um nahezu ein Fünftel bedeuten. Da die Verwaltung 22 dem Antrage23 des Dr Eibuschitz nicht entsprechen können erklärte, hat der Genannte selbst den Rechtsweg beschritten und den Gerichten eine Feststellungsklage überreicht28, welche die Währungsfrage klarstellen sollte. Es kam jedoch zu keiner meritorischen Entscheidung", da die Feststellungsklage wegen mangelnder Klagelegitimation vorweg 30 zurückgewiesen wurde. Das geschah im Vorjahre. Auch in der letzten diesjährigen Generalversamm zu lung ist Herr Dr Eibuschitz mit seiner früheren Forderung33 aufgetreten, freilich wieder ohne Erfolg, da die Mehrheit der Actionäre dem Standpunkte der Verwaltung beitrat, welche erklärte, dass sie es für durchaus inopportun halte, einen Währungsprocess anzufangen, zumal in demselben nicht nur die österreichischen, sondern auch die ausländischen Gerichte zu34 Worte gelangen34 würden.-Der Kapitalist. I announced; 2 see note 6; 3 petition, memorial; 4 setting up, appointment; 5 sense; 6 (with 2) expressed himself; 7 speaker, spokesman, representative; 8 trodden upon, taken his stand upon, advanced a claim; 9 stood for, was the advocate of; 10 question of duration; 11 decide; 12 judgment, decision, opinion; 13 the very beginning, the first; 14 provides for; 15 payment of interest charges; 16 extinction, amortisation; 17 take in hand, provide for, effect; 18 ever continuing, indefinite; 19 firmly established, invariable; 20 providing; 21 removal of a burden; 22 administration, directors; 23 proposal; 24 agree to, acquiesce in; 25 declared; 26 court of law; 27 petition for a decision; 28 reached over, handed in; 29, 29 decision of any value; 30 beforehand; 31 referred back; 32 took place; 33 proposal, project; 34. 34 have something to say. ENGLISH VERSION OF LAST WEEK'S EXERCISE. FRENCH. 107. OATS. In accordance with what we said last Wednesday, the least delay in the harvest was bound to bring on a demand in Paris followed by supplies for disposal, and perceptibly diminish the stock in the market. Events have shown that we were right, and although the supply on the Paris market yesterday still amounted to 5,000 quintals, we know that it is entirely disposed of. The market position is just the same in the case of foreign oats. On the 31st of July the stocks in store at the seaports were only 32,500 quintals, as compared with 43,000 in 1901, and this has since been drawn upon to a considerable extent. The fact is now obvious, because new oats, far from going down in price, were quite firm to-day, and for several days past have been advancing in price in strict proportion to the offers. Yesterday we published the figures representing the total of the imports of this season. This total is not more than 353.000 quintals higher than that of the preceding year, a tact which is surprising in consideration of the deficit in the 1901 harvest. It is true that Algeria has supplied us with two million quintals of barley. It is probable that the high prices obtainable for oats will cause the cultivation of barley to be abandoned for this season. A year ago we were encouragers of this demand; this season we are of the contrary opinion, and so much the more so because the Algerians have, for the last six months, been delivering a staggering quantity of produce. Old oats are very scarce; at Lille, to-day, white oats were sold at 20,35 the 100 kilos, and at Paris it has become almost impossible to find any at all. There are no more homegrown oats in the entrepôts, and of foreign oats there are left only a few lots of Libau and an insignificant quantity of Suède. For twelve months forward delivery there are buyers of grey oats at 16,50 and sellers at 16,75; black oats are worth 50 centimes more.-L'Echo du Commerce. INC. SOCIETY OF SHORTHAND TEACHERS. ENTRANCE EXAMINATION. The Executive have arranged to hold the next entrance examination on the afternoon of Saturday, 28th November. Application forms to be forwarded not later than 18th November. The following examination centres may be arranged: -Birmingham, Bristol, Dublin, Leeds, Liverpool, London, Manchester, Newcastle, Sheffield, and Belfast. In order to reduce the travelling expenses of candidates, other centres may be arranged on application being made. Examination fee, 5s. Entrance fee, IOS. 6d. Application forms, sets of previous examination papers (61. per set), model answers to theory and English tests (3d.), and other information may be obtained from the Hon. Examination Secretary, Mr Alfred Nixon, F C.A., 31 Victoria buildings, Manchester. MIDLAND DISTRICT. A meeting of this district was held in Birmingham on the 17th Oct., which proved to be a most successful gathering. There was an attendance of over fifty. The afternoon session was presided over by Mr J. Hart, F.Inc. S. T., and the evening by Mr E. Latham, F.Inc.S.T. After Mr Marks's paper on "Phonographic Curiosities" (which was thoroughly enjoyed by all present), many amusing phonographic experiences were related by Messrs G. W. Barker, J. Gripton, E. Latham, and others, and a hearty vote of thanks was accorded to the essayist for his services. The District Secretary, Mr W. H. Lord, 59 Halkin street, Leicester, will be glad to forward copies of all future programs to any phonographers asking for them. AMERICAN NOTES AND NEWS. FROM OUR OWN CORRESPONDENT. Phonetic Journal office, 31 Union square, New York. On and after 1st January next the Isaac Pitman Shorthand will be exclusively adopted by the New York Board of Education for the Day and Evening High Schools, and the Day and Evening Elementary Schools of the City of New York, in the Boroughs of Manhattan, the Bronx, Brooklyn, Queens and Richmond, comprising Greater New York, displacing all other systems previously taught. While congratulating ourselves on this official recognition of the superior merits of the Isaac Pitman Shorthand, we may fairly congratulate the large army of schools and colleges now teaching this system. In the Fort Wayne (Ind.) Cathedral Boys' School the Isaac Pitman Shorthand has displaced the Gregg system. In the Brooklyn (N.Y.) Commercial High School it has displaced the Pernin system, and in the Jamaica (N.Y.) High School the Benn Pitman system. The Journal of Education (New York) says: "Silver and bronze medals are now being supplied to schools and colleges teaching the Isaac Pitman Shorthand, by Isaac Pitman and Sons, 31 Union square, New York, the same to be offered by schools as first and second prizes for the most proficient shorthand student during the school year. This progressive concern is ever to the fore with new ideas, and we are sure this innovation will be eagerly grasped by the large number of schools now teaching this system, as it will undoubtedly be an incentive to better and more thorough work in the class-room. The medals are extremely artistic, and we consider the happy possessor of one should have cause for congratulation. A monument was recently unveiled at the church of St Augustine, Philadelphia, in memory of Capt. Thomas Lloyd, the father of American shorthand reporting. It is a plain slab, on which is mounted a bronze tablet inscribed as follows: "In honour of the memory of Thomas Lloyd, shorthand reporter of the House of Representatives, First Congress of the United States; author, soldier, patriot; this tablet has been erected by the National Reporters' Association." The Typewriter and Phonographic World remarks: “Male stenographers are in great demand by the Government. Men who enter this branch of business have been advanced rapidly of late, and have been promoted over the heads of those who are not familiar with shorthand. Heads of important departments have the choice of selecting their chief clerks and private secretaries from either the regular clerks or the male stenographers, and invariably the latter are selected for advancement." ^ б ما A lo A 66 The poor lad in a state of great terror tried to cover up his head, so that the man might not see what had happened. When he came the man found out at once what had taken place, and cried: "You have shown that you cannot stand the test, so you must go out into the world and learn what it is to be poor. If you keep your heart from guile, and think kindly of me, I will do what I can to help you. Should you find yourself in great trouble come into the forest and call for me, and I will come to you at once. I have great power and riches." When the king's son heard this, he left the wood and tramped along strange paths and roads till he came to a big town. Here |
