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Gentlemen,-We are much obliged for your cheque for £160 to hand this morning, per our representative (Mr Williams) in settlement of | account to date, and the amount has been duly placed to your credit, with thanks. We beg to point out, | however, that when we started trading with you, the special | wholesale discount of 10 % was quoted you for | cash in thirty days from date of invoice and in | supposition that your business with us would increase, instead of | which we find you have only paid the April and (1) May items in August, and have bought very little from us since the end of March. We regret to state, [ therefore, that unless your orders are likely to be increased | and you see your way to adhere to the terms | above-mentioned, we shall be forced to withdraw the concession | and only allow you the usual discount of 2 | %. We shall, however, in this instance, be pleased to pass the amount you have deducted, although the items are considerably overdue. With regard to the falling off of your orders, we have received no complaints from any (2) other customers, and we hope you have had no reason to be dissatisfied with the quality of the goods we | have supplied you for several years past. We beg to enclose a list of current prices, and we trust you will again favour us with your esteemed orders. Yours faithfully, (250)

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Very much more interest may be derived from the study of figures, such as the Board of Trade Returns, than | at first sight appears likely. It does not require a very great effort of imagination to suppose that behind these | figures there may be stories of self-denial, suffering, and misery, undreamt of by the thoughtless reader. Lord Russell of | Killowen prcduced in 1898 facts and figures to prove that in seven years £28,000,000 had | been lost in company liquidation, and that of this amount £20,000,000 had been lost by shareholders and over (1) £7,000,000 by creditors. Is it unreasonable to suppose that these great losses were the immediate cause of much | suffering and hardship that the outside world never heard of? Or, take the statement that in 1894 the | capital invested in joint-stock companies in this country amounted to more than £1,000,000,000, being £315,000,000 | more than was invested in the companies of France and Germany combined. Is it not likely that a large part of this enormous sum represented the fruit of care, industry, and perseverance on the part of (2) many men and women whose names were unknown to the world around them? And wherein lies the secret of England's superior wealth, whereof these figures offer such convincing proof? Herein, surely, is food for profitable reflection, and hereon might be based many interesting discourses wherewith thoughtful men would be both edified and instructed. Or, again, who can fail to be interested and amused at the statement of the Registrar of Joint Stock Companies, that, in 1891, a company was registered with a nominal capital of £10,000, divided into 9,600,000 shares of d. (3) each, and that the total subscribed capital was id.? The Act of 1862 requires that at least seven shares shall be subscribed, and is it not interesting to see how scrupulously the strict letter | of the law was complied with? Further, cheques and bills of exchange amounting to not less than £20,000,000, | and often exceeding £40,000,000, pass through the London Bankers' Clearing House every day. What labour of brain and | muscle is represented by these figures! To what distant parts of the earth will the fruits of that labour be (4) forwarded! 'Tis an enormous sum. What an amount of good might be done therewith, whereat thousands would rejoice, and whereof the world might feel proud! Lastly, the value of the British imports for the four months ended 30th April, 1903, | amounted to 117.385.167. The commodities represented by this sum were supplied by peoples of various hues and customs in different parts of the world. Picture to yourself the gathering and forwarding of these commodities, and you cannot fail to be interested. (500) (To be continued.)

WELSH PHONETIC SOCIETY.
(CYMDEITHAS SAINYSGRIFENOL CYMRU).

The following new members have been elected:-
Davies Hugh, Lluast, Llangadfan, nr. Welshpool, Mont.
Jones J. R., 13 Brookfield street, Earlestown.

Any information regarding the Society may be obtained from the Secretary, Mr J. R. Jones (Gerallt), Tanybwlch, R.S.O., Merioneth.

LONDON AND THE PROVINCES.

The Editor will be greatly obliged by receiving marked copies of any local journals that contain paragraphs or comments on subjects likely to be of interest to the readers of this Journal.

At the weekly meeting of the Oldham Shorthand Association held at the Unity Hall on 30th Sept., a paper was read by Mr L. J. Driver on "Intersections," by Mr C. B. B.-Gill, F.I.P.S., which was followed by a discussion. A cordial invitation is extended to all local phonographers to become members. The secretary is Mr. T. Smith, 166 Crossbank street, Oldham, who will be pleased to answer all enquiries.

The Openshaw and District S.W.A. (federated) commenced its session with a social evening and meeting, which was held at the Alma Café, Ashton Old road, Openshaw. There was a good attendance. The chair was taken by Mr A. Ralphs, the President, and after a musical and elocutionary entertainment, the program for the winter session was discussed. As the subscription of the Association has now been reduced to 2s. for the winter session, this should prove an inducement for more shorthand writers to join. meetings are held each Friday evening at 7.30. All shorthand writers in the district and others interested are cordially invited to attend.

The

The third annual meeting of the Sunderland Commercial S.W.A. (federated) was held on the 30th Sept. in the Shorthand Academy, John street. Mr William Tunstall presided in the absence of Mr G. E. Pearson (chairman of the association). The chairman, after reviewing the work of the past session, called upon the secretary (Mr W. Hawdon) to read the annual report. The report showed that the work of the association had been very successful. It was decided that the meetings be devoted more to reporting practice and discussion on outlines, for the furtherance of the phonographic art. Besides reporting practice there will be short lectures, addresses, and papers of general interest. The following officers were elected for the ensuing year :--Hon. President, Mr S. Storey; Hon. Vice-Presidents, Sir T. Doxford, M.P., Messrs J. G. Addison, A. Spencer, and Capt. Tindle; Chairman, Mr G. E. Pearson; Vice-chairman, Mr W. Tunstall; Secretary and Treasurer, Mr O. C. Wilmot; Committee, Misses A. Ord, A. E. Robinson, A. Richardson, and Best, Messrs T. Newrick, P. Crangle, T. Douglas, R. Grieves, W. Hawdon, and S. Ord; Federation delegates, Misses A. Ord and Robinson, and Messrs G. E. Pearson and Selby Ord; Examining Committee, Messrs G. E. Pearson, R. Grieves, W. Hawdon, and the Secretary.

The tenth annual meeting of the Wolverhampton S.W.A. (federated) was held at the Association Room, Y.M.C.A., Wolverhampton, on 21st Sept. A letter was read from Mr A. E. Floyd, who has been President of the Association since its formation in 1893, resigning the position in consequence of his having taken an appointment in the South of England. The loss to the Association is a great one, and a suitable resolution expressive of the thanks of the Association for his excellent services and best wishes for his future was accorded him. The report was read by the Hon. Sec., and this showed that not only had the progress of the Association been fully maintained, but that the session had far exceeded anything that had preceded it. The number of members, 39, was a record number. The Treasurer presented the statement of accounts, and a balance in hand of £1 11S. 1od. was reported. The report and statement of accounts were passed. The following prizes were awarded: Progress prizes-Neptune fountain pen (presented by Messrs Burge, Warren and Ridgley), and a fountain pen (presented by the Yost Typewriter Co.), won by Mr G. Smith and Miss A. K. Evans respectively. The President's prize for the two best articles contributed to the evercirculator was won by Mr Ramsden. A prize (presented by Miss Mansfield) was awarded to the winners of the highest speed certificates at the Pitman speed

examination, and Miss M. Bywater and Mr T. Fellows were the successful candidates. The Treasurer's prize for essay competition was won by Mr H. L. Lloyd, and the Association attendance prize was secured by Miss E. G. Barker, Miss R. Taylor, and Mr W. H. Gunton, each of whom had attended every meeting throughout the session. The following officers were elected: President, Mr W. Cox; Vice-Presidents, Messrs C. H. Hammerton and F. J. Hickman; Treasurer, Mr D. Matthews; Librarian, Mr W. Kennett; Committee, Misses M. M. Mansfield, M. Fereday, and E. L. Smith, Messrs C. H. Hill, J. Mulligan and G. Morgan; Hon. Sec., Mr J. Ramsden, jun., Haldon House, Waterloo road, North Wolverhampton, who will gladly furnish any particulars regarding the Association. The eleventh session commenced on Monday, 5th Oct.

SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENTS.

BELFAST. CITY OF BELFAST Y.M.C.A. EDUCATIONAL CLASSES.-The winter session opened on 30th Sept. In addition to shorthand, the subjects taught embrace English, French, elocution and music. The numbers enrolled were very large. In the shorthand department, of which Mr J. Stringer, F.I.P.S., of Belfast Mercantile College, is a teacher, over 200 pupils entered, a great many being ladies. The classes are divided into elementary, advanced, and speed. Mr Stringer delivered an opening address dealing with the reasons why Pitman's Shorthand would continue to hold for the next sixty years the foremost position it had occupied for the last sixty, as the only possible method for the practical English shorthand writer. An exposition of the principles of Phonography, and a model lesson on how to write shorthand started the elementary class, while a ten minutes conversation with the speed class placed before them the true principles on which practice should proceed. Towards the end of the session the classes will be examined by H.M. Inspector of Schools. The elocution class under Mr W. Pyper, of Campbell's College, had also a large attendance, as had the English section under Mr Moore, of Blythe Street National School.

CARDIFF. TECHNICAL SCHOOL, University College.—Mr C. Hardwicke, F.I.P.S., writes: The shorthand classes in connection with the above re-opened on 15th Sept. During the month 276 were registered. This number has been the average admis sion during the first month for several years. The average attendance for the sessions in past years has been about 270. EDINBURGH. FREE SHORTHAND Classes for Teachers, 55 and 57 Shandwick place.-Mr G. McAdam has resumed the free shorthand classes for teachers with a beginners' class, advanced learners' class, and speed classes. Any teachers desirous of joining are invited to apply to Mr G. McAdam, as above, for the requisite forms of application.

LEEDS. 285 Dewsbury road.-New shorthand classes just being formed. Teacher, Mr T. Louis Nunn, holder of Society of Arts first-class certificate, National Union of Teachers, etc. Terms and full particulars on application.

LIVERPOOL. Central School of Shorthand, Typewriting and Business Training, 10 South John street. Mr G. Birtwhistle, Principal. Since removing to larger rooms, which are better adapted to the purpose of a school, the number of students enrolled has very largely increased. A leading feature of this school is the special course of training of young ladies and gentlemen for office work. The school is open from 9 to 6 p.m., and on Tuesdays and Fridays until 10 p.m. A special course of training for the Society of Arts examination is now being commenced. All students are taught individually and under the direct supervision of the Principal. Prospectus and terms on application.

LONDON. BATTERSEA POLYTECHNIC, S.W.-Shorthand. Theory and Speed Classes. Mr A. E. Large (teacher's diploma), and Mr A. E. Cribb (teacher's diploma), assisted by readers. Preparatory Class, Tuesday and Friday, 7 to 8. Elementary, Tuesday and Friday 7 to 8. Intermediate Class, Section I., Tuesday and Friday, 8 to 9. Section II., Tuesday and Friday, 9 to 9.45. Special Class, Tuesday and Friday, 8.30 to 9 30. Advanced Class, Thursday, 7 to 8, one lesson per week. Speed Classes, 40 to 60 words a minute, Tuesday and Friday, 8.30 to 9 30. 70 to 90, 7 to 8.30. 100 and 110, 8.30 to 10. 120 and over 120, Thursday, 8.10 to 9.25, one lesson per week.

TREHARRIS. Private School of Shorthand, 68 Fell street.— Mr J. P. James is prepared to give lessons in shorthand. Individual tuition. Terms on application.

ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS.

Answers to all inquiries relating to Shorthand, Typewriting, Commercial Education, Commercial Law, the Civil Service, and kindred subjects, will be published as soon after receipt as possible, but correspondents are requested to bear in mind that in some instances research taking time may be needful before satisfactory iuformation can be furnished, and also that this Journal is sent to press eleven days in advance of the date of publication. Correspondents can be answered under initials or a pseudonym, whichever they prefer, but their names and addresses must be forwarded as a guarantee of good faith. All letters of inquiry should be addressed EDITOR, PITMAN'S PHONETIC JOURNAL, PHONETIC INSTITUTE, BATH.

OUTLINES.-J. W. (Melbourne) propounds a number of questions as to whether there are rules in the instruction books for certain phonographic outlines and phrases which figure in our own "Shorthand Dictionary" and "Phrase Book," and the "Phonographic Outlines for Medical Terms." The answer in the majority of the instances is, no; we regret, however, that limitations of time and space do not admit of our discussing fully the various points which our correspondent has stated with considerable ability. To formulate rules covering every point of phonographic practice, relative in many cases to two or three outlines or phrases only in the whole language, would serve no useful purpose, and would interpose a formidable barrier to the speedy acquirement of the art for practical purposes. In regard to forms shown in the "Dictionary" and in "Medical Terms," for which there are no Corresponding Style rules, the final test must always be whether the character of the outline justifies the variation, and, more important still, whether the form is unmistakable. While the learner writes by rule, the skilful phonographer-within certain well-defined limits-exercises his judgment in the formation and use of outlines and phrases, and avoids speed hindering refinements which have no theoretical or practical value. We exhibit in the Journal the phraseography we consider most desirable; as a rule the first grammalogue in a phrase is written in its proper position.-A. E. K. will find most of the outlines he inquires about in "Pitman's Shorthand Dictionary."-C. S. will see from the following diagrams how the phonographic consonants are formed. The strokes ch and j slope 60 degrees from the horizontal, r (up) 30 degrees:

-C. C. is informed that the vocalized forms adopted for child, chaired, cheered in the Corresponding Style, are employed because these outlines are the logograms for the words in question in the Reporting Style.-A. W. L's. phrase would not be safe.

LEARNER'S STYLE.-Tyro asks several questions about the Learner's Style, and as some teachers and others seem to labour under a misapprehension as to what this style (as exhibited by us) really is, an explanation appears necessary. Our remarks, it should be explained, refer only to the shorthand prepared and issued from the Phonetic Institute, and not to the so-called "Learner's Style" issued elsewhere. The Learner's Style printed in this Journal and in Pitman's Shorthand Weekly, is designed as reading practice for those who have mastered the "Teacher, ," the "Instructor" up to Chapter XX., and the "Primer" Book I. The grammalogues introduced in the "Teacher" and in the "Instructor" up to the point mentioned are similar; in the "Primer "there is a larger number. With an Occasional unimportant exception, there are no forms introduced in our Learner's Style reading matter which are afterwards superseded by briefer outlines in the Corresponding Style; words of this character being eliminated. The vocalization is, of course, quite full. Tyro asserts that many vowels are omitted, but we should be glad if he would furnish us with specific instances. With regard to the suffix -ing, Tyro should note that it is not introduced till Chap. XX. of the "Instructor"; previously -ng vocalized with must be shown. Finally, it should be remembered that the Learner's Style, with the printed key, furnishes reading and writing practice until the student has fully mastered the Corresponding Style, and as such we maintain that it serves a useful purpose, and that it could not be dispensed with without disadvantage to the student.

BOOK-KEEPING EXAMINATIONS.-Policy is informed that the only general examinations are those of the two bodies he

mentions. Several of the County Councils, however, hold examinations in connection with their technical schools, and it is possible that one of these may be within reach of Policy. Has he obtained the certificate of the Society of Arts or the London Chamber of Commerce? If not, he should try for these at the examinations which will be held next spring.

ACCOUNTANTS' EXAMINATIONS.-J. R. probably knows that entrance to the examinations of the accountants' societies is open only to articled clerks. As he is already in the employ of an incorporated accountant, he might be able to get his articles on special terms. The preliminary examination is of an easy educational character, the others, intermediate and final, are upon such professional subjects as book-keeping and accounts, commercial and bankruptcy law, and the duties of executors and trustees. The examinations of the chartered Institute of Secretaries are very similar.

ENGINEERS' COST ACCOUNTS.-Engineer and Kenneth both ask for information upon this subject.-The card system is an American invention, and we do not know of any work dealing with it published in this country. As a rule, the large firms have established systems of their own. Possibly some of our readers who are engaged in this class of work may be able to afford some information as to any books upon cost accounts which may be useful to our correspondents. A knowledge of general book-keeping is not essential for a cost clerk.

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CONVEYANCING BOOKS.-Conveyancer inquires whether there is a library in or around Manchester from which he can borrow books relating to conveyancing.-As far as we can ascertain, the Manchester Law Society's library in Kennedy street, Manchester, is the only library in the district from which books relating to conveyancing can be borrowed, and the use of this library is restricted to members of the society. Classes in Conveyancing are held at the Central School, Manchester, on Wednesday evenings from 7 to 9, and these might be helpful to our correspondent.

PHYSICAL DISABILITY.-Marchog has been correctly informed that the disability from which he suffers precludes him from obtaining employment either in the Civil Service or in the various mercantile and commercial offices he mentions in his letter. His youth and education should, we think, make it possible for him to obtain employment in the counting house of a private firm, where perseverance and integrity would enable him to make his way. At first, no doubt, the remuneration offered him would be small, but there are plenty of men equally handicapped who have made their mark in the world.

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CIVIL SERVICE Height LIMIT.-C. I. F. asks whether there is any 'regulation height" for Assistants of Excise, Second Division Clerks, and Boy Clerks.-There is not. The only important posts for which height limits are fixed are the Assistants of Customs (not less than 5 ft. 4 in.) and the appointments for women. Woman and Girl Clerks and Female Learners and Sorters must be 5 ft. or over. C. I. F. also enquires about his handwriting. This is fairly legible and careful, but his letter contains three errors, from which it is obvious that he requires to continue his studies whatever position in life he elects to fill.

JUNIOR CLERKSHIP ECCLESIASTICAL COMMISSION.—A. W. C. is 20 years of age and asks for particulars as to pay and prospects of these clerks, what books he should use in preparing, and how often examinations are held.-He appears to have done no study since leaving school at 15, and to have awakened to the folly of so acting almost too late. The pay of Junior Clerks begins at £70 and rises to £350, beyond which there are excellent prospects of promotion. There may be two examinations within the next 18

months; there will almost certainly be one, but, as two languages may be taken for many Civil Service examinations now, success in the Ecclesiastical Commission competition will be harder to attain than formerly. Of books use Hall and Knight's or Todhunter's Advanced Algebra, Haugh's or the Tutorial Arithmetic, Green's Short History and Tait's Analysis or (Bright, 4 vols.), Pitman's Indexing and Précis-writing, Arnold's or Bradley's Latin Prose Composition, and read Horace, Virgil, Tacitus, and Cicero, and for French (if not for the rest) go to Pitman's Metropolitan School and get the Society of Arts 1st class certificate in as many subjects as possible next March. Our correspondent's writing is at present entirely unsuitable for any Civil Service examination.

THIRD WRITERS IN THE NAVY.-R. T. B. asks us "are the previous examinations published and at what price"? The examination is conducted by the Captain of the ship, it is quite a simple affair, but the papers are not published.

SURVEYORS OF TAXES EXAMINATION.-Cambrian will be 22 years of age in December, and asks whether he will be able to sit for the examination for the Assistant Surveyors of Taxes (age limits 18-22) in 1904.-He will not be able to sit after he has passed his twenty-second birthday. He cannot sit for the Assistant Inspectors of Factories unless he obtains a nomination from the Home Secretary. There are usually about two examinations a year.

CIVIL SERVICE VACANCIES (Age 22).-H. L. will be 22 years of age in December, and enquires what Civil Service appointments are open to him at his age.-Practically none; but he might look through Cassell's Guide to the Civil Service and see for himself; some of the technical posts might suit him. He could, however, sit for Fourth-class Clerkship, London County Council, until he had attained the age of 23 years, or for Third-class Clerkships, London School Board, until he was 24. For these posts examinations have usually been held twice a year. An examination for Fourth-class clerks, London County Council, is just announced, the age limits are 18 to 23; get the application form from the Head Office, Spring Gardens, London, S.W.

MAGISTERIAL CLERKS-PROSPECTS, ETC.-Seeker, who is nineteen years of age, holds certificates of the Society of Arts and other bodies in shorthand and advanced book-keeping, and can manipulate the Yost typewriter at from 30 to 40 words per minute, has been three years in the service of a magistrates' clerk. He asks what his prospects are, and whether he should continue in his present employment. It is difficult to advise. On the one hand, in his present position, our correspondent is brought into contact with magistrates-generally an influential body of men-and may have chances of obtaining a good secretaryship or other appointment in the service of one of them. On the other hand, a clerk to a magistrates' clerk soon reaches his maximum utility, and there is no direct avenue for promotion. Probably Seeker would do better to obtain a situation in the office of a good firm of solicitors largely engaged in business such as comes before the magistrates. In such an office he would be able to employ his shorthand knowledge, and his special knowledge of magisterial work would give him chances of promotion. With shorthand, typewriting, and book-keeping at his fingers' ends, he has the entire commercial world open to him, with all its opportunities, but there his knowledge of magisterial work would be of no avail.

POOR LAW AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACCOUNTS.-E. J. M. desires to know what books are obtainable that will enable him to gain a full knowledge of the Poor Law and Local Government systems of account. We have been unable to hear of any books on the subject. Can any of our readers help us? Informants will oblige by mentioning publishers' names and prices.

NEWSPAPER REPORTING.-H. C. is desirous of putting his knowledge of shorthand to use by reporting meetings, etc., for the newspapers, and asks how he can obtain such employment?Newspapers obtain their reports almost exclusively through the medium of their own salaried reporters. Unless, therefore, H. C. was prepared to take such a position, very little work of this description would be obtainable. He might secure an opening as local correspondent, if there were a vacancy, but in that case he would only be expected to furnish paragraphs; longer reports would be done by the regular staff. Supposing that he undertook reporting work, his speed must be not less than 120 words a minute.

PARLIAMENTARY REPORTER.-P. G. is desirous of entering the Reporters' Gallery of the House of Commons, and inquires what are the qualifications necessary, and where he could obtain a list of the papers and agencies which have representatives there?— The bulk of the Parliamentary reporters are gentlemen who, previous to entering the Gallery, have had a wide experience of newspaper reporting in the country or in London. No one without experience ever receives such an appointment. We do not think that a list of newspapers and agencies having Gallery tickets has been published very recently; old lists are quite unreliable. Our correspondent would be more likely to obtain a position as shorthand clerk. He should place himself in communication with the Manager, Pitman's Employment Bureau, Southampton row, London, W.C.

JUSTICE OF THE PEACE.-W. T. P. aspires to become a borough justice, and inquires how he can obtain the position.— Strong political influence would be necessary in order that our correspondent might get his name placed on the Commission of the Peace. Assiduous work for the dominant political party in a borough is often rewarded with a seat on the bench.

TRAMWAY TRaffic Office.-S. inquires whether there is any book published dealing with the routine of a tramway traffic office. Can any reader recommend such a work?

COLLIERY ACCOUNTS.-In answer to J. G's. inquiry, J. P. J. writes that a very useful book on mining accounts generally is "Mine Accounts and Mining Book-keeping" by J. G. Lawn, A.R.S.M., Griffin and Co., Ltd., Exeter street, Strand, London, W.C.

IMPROVEMENT OF POSITION.-Elektrik consults us as to a change in position, with the view of securing an increased salary, which is an imperative consideration. In order to achieve this desirable result, our correspondent would need to have better qualifications in shorthand and typewriting. We should strongly advise him to persevere in the acquirement of both, and in the improvement of his general and technical knowledge. He would then, we consider, be able to command a decent salary, and if he is inclined to go to a big centre he could, we believe, obtain a good position through the situation bureau of the typewriter he uses.-Fitz asks whether the acquisition of a language would enable him to secure a better position; he is a clerk and collector. A great deal must necessarily depend on whether there are, in his particular trade, communications with foreign traders, either orally or by letter, which would justify him in devoting his time to the acquisition of the language which was most useful. If not, he might find it better to improve his technical knowledge of his particular business, with a view to securing promotion.

HANDWRITING.-C. S. would do well to go on with the copy book he has.-J. J. D. should assiduously practise; there is certainly improvement, but his down strokes are too heavy.— Guidance as to the best method of curing the jerky action which is spoiling the handwriting of J. K. M. will be found in Pitman's "Business Handwriting" (price is.).—With some practice with a view to getting into a more running style, A.B.C.'s handwriting would be well adapted for business purposes.

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MISCELLANEOus.-N. W. J. (Grahamstown) is informed that it would not be possible to carry out his suggestion.-S. F. will find that the whole of the business routine examination of the Lancashire and Cheshire Union of Institutes is covered by the new issue of " Pitman's Manual of Business Training, Fifth Edition" (price 2s. 6d.).—The qualifications of R. E. (Bermuda) for a shorthand clerk and typist are very good; probably from 40s. to 50s. in London.-G. K. (Paris) is informed that Twentieth Century Editions of the "Commercial Letter Writer" and Key" were issued this year.- Shorthand Writer should sit for the Society of Arts examination at a local centre next spring; the competition is perfectly open, and there are certificates, prizes, and medals.-E. B. should begin with "The Heads of Hebrew Grammar" (Bagster, price 2s. 6d.).-There are no teachers' certificates for the subjects Aspirant inquires about, but if he took the Society of Arts 1st class certificate in them, he would have a good teacher's qualification.-In reply to Spanish, we desire to say that we are making arrangements for a supply of Parody's "Spanish Phonography," and that as soon as any definite announcement can be made on the subject, it will appear in this Journal. Our correspondent's only course is to wait for this book, unless she can meanwhile borrow a copy to start on

the study.-J. C. will find in the catalogue of Mr Effingham Wilson, 11 Royal Exchange, London, E.C., a number of manuals on the Stock Exchange, from which he could select a work which would meet his requirements.-In answer to Inquirer, the initials C.T.P. are used by shorthand teachers who hold Sir Isaac Pitman's teacher's certificate, which was granted down to the year 1879.-E. J. B. will find full instructions on the method of correcting a printer's proof in "Pitman's Popular Guide to Journalism" (price is. 6d.).-A number of other inquiries will be

answered next week.

PITMAN'S SHORTHAND CERTIFICATES.

The following Certificates are issued:

THIRD CLASS or Elementary CERTIFICATE, for thorough knowledge of the " Phonographic Teacher":"Shorthand Primer, Book I."; or 20th Cent." Manual" or "Instructor," as far as Chap. xvii. Fee 6d. Every student after having worked through the "Teacher" is recommended to test his knowledge by applying for this Certificate. SECOND CLASS OR THEORY CERTIFICATE, for a thorough knowledge of the 20th Cent. "Manual"; or "Instructor," Chaps. i-xxvi.; or "Shorthand Primer, Book II." Fee 25. FIRST CLASS OR SPEED CERTIFICATE. Speed Certificates are granted for 60 words per minute and upwards. Fee is. 6d. FULL CERTIFICATE OF PROFICIENCY.-When a Second Class Certificate and a First Class Certificate for 80 words have been obtained, a Full Certificate is issued, certifying that the holder has a thorough theoretical and practical knowledge of Phonography. Fee Is.

Forms of Application for the above Certificates, containing full particulars, can be had gratis and post-free from any of the Offices of Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd.

Erratum. In the report of the opening meeting of the Bristol S.W.A. (page 777), the name of the Secretary of the Birmingham S.W.A. should read Mr R. E Beard.

NOTICES.

Each Notice should be written on one side only of a separate piece of paper. Every Notice under the head of Correspondence must give full name and address.

Correspondents are requested to write their address clearly in ordinary longhand. If they wish to receive replies in Phonography, a star should be attached to the name; thus, John Smith.*

Notices of all kinds must reach Bath at least eleven days before the date of the Journal for which they are intended.

Every communication addressed to the Editor of this Journal must be authenticated by the name and address of the writer.

Exercises Corrected Gratis (enclose stamped and addressed envelope) by
Cope G. S.. 111 Stroud Green rd., Tollington Park, London, N.
Cullen T. J., Coolowley, Grogan, Ballybrophy, Queen's Co.
Fitz-Gerald J. S., Caherciveen, Kerry, Ireland

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Goldsmith R., 9 Trafalgar st., Lakenham, Norwich

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Hodgson W. H., 31 Cambridge st., Loughborough

Irving G. F., 80 Highbury New park, London, N.

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Lyndridge A. W., 48 Norfolk avenue, Southend-on-Sea

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MacNaulty P. E., Fern Lea, Bolton rd., Atherton, nr. Manchester

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Nunn T. Louis, 285 Dewsbury rd., Leeds

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Pass J., 48 Ellgreave st., Burslem, Staffs.

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Reed Charles, 34 Kent rd., St Denys, Southampton.

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Rice H. D., Ark House School, Banbury

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Stephenson H. B., 1 Florence st., Dublin

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Correspondence desired with phonographers in all parts of the world either on pictorial post cards or by letter. If by letter longhand preferred. John N. Davey, c/o Mrs Boyd, the Mall, Sligo, Ireland.

Mr Arthur Hollingshead,* 18 Hova villas, Hove, Brighton, desires correspondents (ladies or gentlemen) on pictorial post cards, in shorthand. Cards written in longhand will not be replied to.

Pictorial post card correspondence desired. All parts except British Isles. Prompt replies. Miss G. M. Carr, Darwen st., Blackburn, Lancs. [43] Mat. Watkins, 16 Club st., Aberdare, South Wales, desires pictorial post cards, shorthand or French only. Replies same day to all. Pictorial post cards correspondence desired, coloured views preferred; longhand. Miss B. Webb, Bodilly, Wendron, Helston, Cornwall.

Pictorial post card correspondence invited, shorthand or longhand. Coloured views preferred. Wesley Moyle, 43 Ferreira villa, Helston, Cornwall.

Phonographers in all parts of the world are invited to exchange pictorial post cards with Charles Terrington, 10 Broad st., King's Lynn, England. Longhand correspondents not desired. [43] Pictorial post cards exchanged; views or stage preferred; immediate replies, shorthand or longhand. Leslie Thomas, 39 Haven Green, Ealing, London, W. [43] Exchange of correspondence and pictorial post cards required in shorthand. H. Connor, Auberge de Castille, Valletta, Malta,

Pictorial post cards. Exchange desired in all kinds of views with residents in all parts of the world. Correspondence, if any, may be in longhand or shorthand. Prompt replies to all. Address (for home readers), Ernest E. Empett, 64 Charter st., Chatham; (for readers abroad) Ernest E. Empett, Chatham, England. [47]

Pictorial post cards (Tuck's and foreign exchanged). Fred Bean, 164 Loughboro Park, Brixton, London, S. W.

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Associations. Id. per line of ten words. Phonetic Shorthand Writers' Association (London District I.P.S.), The Arcadian Restaurant, 8 Queen st., Cheapside.-The principal Shorthand Association in the kingdom. Meetings held every Thursday evening from 7 to 10. Regular speed practice conducted at various rates by experienced phonographers. Lectures by well-known shorthand writers; discussions, etc. Speed examinations held periodically. Centre for Society of Arts shorthand examination and for Pitman's medal competitions. (Members sit at these examinations and at the I.P.S. Teachers' Exam. at reduced fees.) Shorthand library and other advantages. Fees, including speed practice, 10s 6d per annum, or 35 per quarter. All phonographers (ladies or gentlemen) are eligible for membership. Prospectus, with full particulars, on application to Secretary, H. J. Cork, 2 Reedholm road, Stoke Newington, London, N.

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Typists' Section, I.P.S. (the N.U. of Typists is incorporated with this Section). Examinations for teachers and typists, lectures, demonstrations, discussions, employment bureau, advice on typewriting matters, etc. Annual subscription, 5s.; members of I.P.S., 3s 6d. Rules, Examination Syllabus, Forms of Application, etc., from the Hon. Sec., Geo. Colebourn, F.I.P.S., 151 Second ave., Manor Park, Essex. Examinations periodically. Copies of last papers (March and July), Is per set. [44] Liverpool. The Shorthand Writers' Association meets at Y.M.C.A., Mount Pleasant, on Monday and Friday evenings. Speed practice and debates. New members welcome. Fee, 2s 6d for session. Mr D. Beeby, 108 Blantyre rd., Liverpool.

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Newcastle-on-Tyne. Tyneside Phonographers' Association (federated), Church Institute, Hood street. Meets every Friday evening for speed practice (from 40 words a minute), etc. For full particulars apply to Geo. W. Muir, Hon. Secretary, 27 Redheugh Bridge rd., Gateshead. [43]

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Lady members desired for Essex Evercirculator. Articles, discussions, art gallery, etc. Only good writers need apply. Entrance fee, 6d; annual subscription, is 6d. H. Wilman,* 10 Newport pl., Manningham, Bradford. [43]

Wayfarer Evercirculator. Vacancies for a few members in this oldestablished and high class evercirculator. Entrance fee, 2s 6d. Apply in Phonography to H. Farr, 365 Cowbridge rd., Cardiff.

Pictorial post cards exchanged (Tuck's and foreign). Prompt replies. Fred Bean, 164 Loughboro' Park, Brixton, London, S. W. [43] Pictorial post cards exchanged. Views only. Longhand. Prompt replies to all pretty cards. A. Foster, 18 Market place, Hull.

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Un joven ingles conociendo un poco el español desea correspondencia en esta lengua con un joven español por medio de tarjetas postales con grabados. Direccion, Mr L. Hacault, 9 Ranelagh rd., Park avenue, Wood Green, London, N., England.

Correspondence desired in (Reporting Style) Phonography. Gidley, Emmroyd, Fenton st., Alloa, N.B.

60 Journals (new) for best card (view). Last day, 25th Nov. given in Journal. Competition, 222 Hainton st., Grímsby.

Miss E.

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Medehamsted and Phonographic Leader Evercirculators. Vacancy for one member on each magazine. Ladies or gentlemen. No subscription. Miss Amy Goodwin,* 9 Fitzwilliam st., Peterboro.

The best Library is the Telegraph, established ten years, circulating all the magazines, including Australian magazine; quarterly subscription, Is 3d; always vacancies, particulars stamp. Conductor, J. H. Simmons, 2 Rokeby rd., Brockley, London. [43]

The 20th Century Commercial Library, over 160 books available for the use of members. Shorthand, typewriting, French, German, Spanish, and

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