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to advise as to salaries.-Baker is informed that an average speed of from thirty to forty words per minute would be satisfactory for a typist. Inquiries should be made locally as to salaries and examinations.-J. A. C. should address his inquiry to the Secretary of the London District Typists' Section of the I.P.S., Mr G. Colebourn, 104 Newgate street, London, E.C.-Phono's suggestion shall have our consideration.

PITMAN'S SHORTHAND CERTIFICATES. The following Certificates are issued :— THIRD CLASS OR ELEMENTARY CERTIFICATE, for thorough know

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ledge of the " Phonographic Teacher"; "Shorthand Primer, Book I."; or 20th Cent. "Manual or Instructor," as far as Chap. xvii. Fee 6d. Every student after having worked through the "Teacher" is recommended to test his knowledge by applying for this Certificate. SECOND CLASS OR THEORY CERTIFICATE, for a thorough knowledge of the 20th Cent. "Manual"; or "Instructor," Chaps. i-xxvi. ; or "Shorthand Primer, Book II." Fee 25. FIRST CLASS OR SPEED CERTIFICATE. Speed Certificates are granted for 60 words per minute and upwards. Fee is. 6d. FULL CERTIFICATE OF PROFICIENCY.-When a Second Class Certificate and a First Class Certificate for 80 words have been obtained, a Full Certificate is issued, certifying that the holder has a thorough theoretical and practical knowledge of Phonography. Fee Is.

Forms of Application for the above Certificates, containing full particulars, can be had gratis and post-free from any of the Offices of Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd.

NOTICES.

Each Notice should be written on one side only of a separate piece of paper. Every Notice under the head of Correspondence must give full name and address.

Correspondents are requested to write their address clearly in ordin ary longhand. If they wish to receive replies in Phonography, a star should be attached to the name; thus, John Smith.*

Notices of all kinds must reach Bath at least eleven days before the date of the Journal for which they are intended.

Every communication addressed to the Editor of this Journal must be authenticated by the name and address of the writer. Exercises Corrected Gratis (enclose stamped and addressed envelope) by Nunn T. Louis, c/o R. Lawson, esq., 273 Dewsbury rd., Leeds

Correspondence, etc. id. per line of ten words.

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Friendly correspondence desired with any other phonographer in the Corresponding or Learner's Style. Evan Lewis, King William st., Bridgetown, Barbados.

A. Leigh, Caxton house, Abergele, desires to meet another phonographer within a few miles round, for mutual speed practice.

Correspondence desired with local phonographers, ladies and gentlemen. Could arrange to meet one or two or more evenings a week for mutual speed practice. Harry, 58 Vallance rd., Bethnal Green, London, N.E. Friendly correspondence desired with any other phonographer in the Corresponding or Learner's Style. William Whitley, c/o Evan Lewis, King William st., Bridgetown, Barbados.

Pictorial post cards correspondence wanted in longhand. Replies to all. Grace Base, Eagle house, 19 Union rd., West Ham.

Miss M. Bryant desires to exchange pictorial post cards with phonographers, or otherwise, in all parts of the world. Address, 56 Great Northern st., Huntingdon.

Correspondence desired with phonographers in the following countries for mutual improvement (Corresponding or Easy Reporting Style), viz., Japan, China, India, Canada, South Africa, Australia, France, Germany, Holland, Austria, Hungary. H. G. Allen, 33 Myrtle villas, Ropery rd., Gainsborough, England.

Wanted, correspondence with local phonographers, ladies and gentlemen, to form a S.W.A. for East London; meeting place will be as near as possible to the People's Palace. Twelve members already enrolled, which number we desire to double or treble. Replies to R. S. Walker, 12 Ewing st., Burdett rd., Bow; or to T. Bayes, 55 Upper North st., Poplar, E. Phonographer wishes to meet with someone for mutual improvement in French, Address, Chatterton, 30 Rosebery rd., Fulham, London, S.W. Pictorial post card correspondence desired (shorthand or longhand). Foreign preferred. C. Philipson,* 287 Lord st., Southport, England. Pictorial post card correspondence desired (longhand). Foreign or otherwise, D. Mac Keon, 5 York terrace, Manchester rd., Southport, England.

Associations. 1d. per line of ten words. Phonetic Shorthand Writers' Association (London District I.P.S.). The Arcadian Restaurant, 8 Queen st., Cheapside. The principal Shorthand Association in the kingdom. Meetings held every Thursday evening from 7 to 10. Regular speed practice conducted at various rates by experienced phonographers. Lectures by well-known shorthand writers; discussions, etc. Speed examinations held periodically. Centre for Society of Arts shorthand examination and for Pitman's medal competitions. (Members sit at these examinations and at the I.P.S. Teacher's Exam. at reduced fees.) Shorthand library and other advantages. Fees, including speed practice, 10s 6d per annum or 3s per quarter. All phono

graphers (ladies or gentlemen) are eligible for membership. Prospectus, with full particulars, on application to Secretary, H. J. Cork, 2 Reedholm road, Stoke Newington, London, N. [4]

Evercirculators and Libraries. 1d. per line of ten words.

An evercirculator is a manuscript phonographic magazine, consisting of articles written by the individual members, one member acting as conductor. The book passes round, and each round members contribute an article and remarks, or take part in the discussion. A leaflet containing further particulars forwarded from the Phonetic Institute, Bath, on receipt of id stamp. [x] Evercirculator paper in three varieties, of superior quality, five quires Is 6d; headings and title-pages, 3d per doz.; covers, cloth is, leather is 6d. Sir Isaac Pitman and Sons, Ltd. [x] Members wanted for Crescent Club, just starting. Particulars, stamp. Bert W. Sheldrake, 155 Boyson rd., Walworth, London, S.E.

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Advertiser wishes to join evercirculator where advanced shorthand discussions are a feature. Would pay subscription. Moore,* Ivy lodge, Bourton, Dorset.

King Edward VII. Evercirculating Library is the most up-to-date in its method, circulating_seven magazines. Quarterly subscription, is 3d; particulars stamp. Conductors, L. Hallam,* 2 Thornes lane, and E. H. Schwab,* 46 Kirkgate, Wakefield.

The Rambler Evercirculating Library. Circulates all shorthand magazines. Particulars from Herald Shorthand School, 20 Herald Chambers, Martineau st., Birmingham. [6]

The best Library is the Telegraph, established ten years, circulating all the magazines, including Australian magazine; quarterly subscription, Is 3d; always vacancies, particulars stamp. Conductor, J. H. Simmons, 2 Rokeby rd., Brockley, London. (9)

The 20th Century Commercial Library, over 160 books available for the use of members. Shorthand, typewriting, French, German, Spanish, and commercial books, together with copies of all English and foreign shorthand magazines. Subscription one penny per week. Splendid oppor. tunity of studying large selections of works at a small cost. Full particulars for stamp. J. H. Simmons, 2 Rokeby rd., Brockley, London, S.E. [9] Second-hand Books, Shorthand or Phonetic. for Sale, or Exchange, or Wanted, id. per line of ten words; Miscellaneous Books, 3d. per line. Wanted, The Phonographic Monthly for October, 1902. State price. J. Bassett, 6 Limerick pl., Plymouth.

For sale, cheap, 6 vols. Phonetic Journal, 1882-7, bound green cloth. C. H. Adcock, 1 Tunnard st., Boston, Lincs.

For exchange. Pitman's Shorthand Dictionary (5s) for 20th Century Instructor. V. B., 22 Rochester terr., London, N.W.

For sale, Phonetic Journals for 1902, unbound, complete, and in excellent condition, 2s. A. Palliser, 36 Columbus ravine, Scarborough.

Offers required. Several copies Munro Young's Readable Shorthand, 1869 (pub. 2s 6d); very scarce, splendid condition. F. Halmshaw, North st., Heckmondwike.

What offers? Phonetic Journal, 15th March to 29th Nov., good condition. J. Tattersall, Hermit Hole, Keighley, Yorks.

Wanted, Assimilative Memory System, by Professor Loisette, published in New York. J. H. Simmons, 2 Rokeby rd., Brockley, London, S.E. [2] Shorthand systems other than Pitman's wanted, and for sale. Cash or exchange. Lists exchanged. Silence a negative. Correspondence on systems invited. Steno, 37 Pullen's bdgs., Penton pl., London, S.E. [2] Wanted, British Orations; Facsimile Reporting Notes; American shorthand magazines; McEwan's magazines, and many others. Send list, silence a negative. Would exchange certain works for foreign stamps, or other shorthand books. J. H. Simmons, 2 Rokeby rd., Brockley, London, S.E.

Books! Books! Books! All in good condition, all post-free. Book Common Prayer, cloth, is; bound morocco, gilt edges, 4s 6d; Phonographic Quarterly Review, vols. 1 and 2, 25 6d each; complete set, 4s 6d; Shorthand Magazine, by Butterworth, bound vols. Is 6d each; Pilgrim's Progress, 7d; Proverbs, 5d; Little Things of Nature, 6d; Phonographic Lecturer, 4s 6d per vol.; Phonographic Magazine, McEwan's, vol. 2, 5s; Verbatim Reporting, Oliver McEwan, is Id; Tom Brown's School Days, Is; handsomely bound in red cloth, is 9d; Shorthand Punch, set of three vols., 4s 6d the set; Press Career, Is 6d; Pitman's Reporters' Reading book, with longhand Key, marked for speed practice, Is; in cloth, Is 6d; Reed's Reporter's Guide, Is 2d; Reed's Reporter's Vade Mecum, is 3d; Phonography adapted to French, paper, 9d; in cloth, Is; Book Psalms, 6d; Pitman's Spanish Weekly, uncut, in weekly parts, 5s; also number of bound and unbound vols. of the following: Australian, Scottish Phonographer; Reporters' Magazine; Reporters' Journal; Shorthand Weekly; Shorthand Writer; Phono Typist; American World; Stenographer, and many others. Apply for full list with stamp; large number of each in stock. These books sent abroad to any part for the prices named, plus 3d extra for foreign postage. J. H. Simmons, 2 Rokeby rd., Brockley, London, S.E. [70]

TO SHORTHAND LEARNERS.-Students commencing the study of Pitman's Shorthand are recommended to obtain the "Phonographic Teacher," 6d.; "Key," 6d.; and " Progressive Studies," Is.; or "Pitman's Shorthand Instructor," 3s. 6d. These Books can be obtained of all Booksellers, or from the Publishers. Students desiring a teacher may be put in communication with one on sending a penny stamp to Sir Isaac Pitman & Sons, Ltd., Phonetic Institute, Bath.

SUBSCRIPTION RATES.-This Journal may be ordered through any Bookseller, Newsagen:, or Railway Bookstall, or by post direct from the Publishers. The terms to all parts of the world are is. 8d. per quarter; 3s. 3d. per half year; or os. 6d. per year, payable in advance. Subscriptions may commence with any number. Monthly part, 5d., post-free 7d.; terms of subscription same as above.

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TEACHING PROSPECTS IN THE
NEW YEAR.

From the teacher's point of view the most important change that the New Year has brought with it is that embodied in the new Education Act. That measure constitutes a new local education authority, and directs that authority to consider the educational needs of its area, and to "take such steps" as seem to it desirable, after consultation with the Board of Education, to "supply or aid the supply of education other than elementary, and to promote the general coordination of all forms of education." The Act also prescribes the machinery by means of which these tasks are to be accomplished. During its stormy passage through Parliament, it gave rise to a vast amount of controversy, and there have not been wanting threats of attempts to prevent its operation. But allowance must be made for words spoken in the heat of discussion, and reflection will bring with it the reminder that there exist constitutional methods of getting amended hereafter whatever may be objectionable in the new enactment. The Act does mark an educational advance. It brings under one jurisdiction branches of public education that previously were under many. It permits of local developments that were not before possible, and it cannot but promote a considerable increase in the public facilities for the training of efficient citizens. The English nation has become wide awake, as it never was before, to the urgent necessity for encouraging the study of technical and commercial subjects—those

subjects that fit a man or a woman to become a useful worker. And it will be possible under the new Act to make further and better provision than hitherto for classes in all such subjects. When the Act will come into operation is a little uncertain. A curious provision in it fixes the date at 26th March next, "or such other day not being more than eighteen months later, as the Board of Education may appoint." On this winter's classes it can have no effect. But it is possible that next autumn may see in many borough and county council areas a large increase in the number of classes and in the demand for teachers.

Commercial subjects, with which our readers are definitely concerned, will come specially under the control of the new education authorities, and it is in the provision that will be made for instruction in these subjects that we are likely to see the greatest increase. For it is at this point that our needs as a nation have been greatest. The subjects that qualify a youth to enter an office with an intelligent knowledge of how to set about the ordinary duties that will fall to his lot, are, perhaps, of the first importance. Shorthand, typewriting, bookkeeping, ordinary office routine, a knowledge of the meaning of ordinary business terms: these things can all be acquired before entering the commercial house. Higher branches of mercantile knowledge can be very well mastered afterwards. But with the capacity to set about commercial work as soon as he gains admission into the office, to undertake even the minor tasks of mercantile life intelligently, the beginner's usefulness is more than doubled. The whole work of the office can proceed more smoothly and efficiently when the time of the superior and experienced assistants is not largely occupied in instilling into raw juniors the most elementary notions of how to get through the simplest details of their duties.

It is because this and cognate facts have come to be so generally recognised that the facilities for commercial training grow year by year. That growth brings with it an ever-increasing demand for skilled and experienced teachers. The teacher of commercial subjects must be an expert. The results of his teaching will come under the observation of the severest of critics-the business men of the world. It is, therefore, his business to see to it that he is thoroughly capable of undertaking the tasks that he attempts. Given that capacity, he will find that there never was a time when his services were more extensively sought, or more readily appreciated.

Mr Andrew Carnegie's rectorial address to the students of St Andrew's University, entitled "The Industrial Ascendancy of the World," has been issued in excellently lithographed shorthand (Reporting Style) as the Phonographic Monthly Literary Supplement No. 10, price 2d. The booklet furnishes excellent reading practice in a convenient form, and it should be noted that Mr Carnegie's speech on receiving the Freedom of Dundee is also included.

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Journalists at the House of Commons have an exceedingly interesting picture gallery comprising portraits of many of the great celebrities who have been associated with Press work in Parliament. The latest addition to the collection is an admirable likeness of Sir Edward Clarke, framed in oak. In an inscription giving a record of his career occurs the following: Examiner, 1863-6; Morning Herald and Standard, 1861-7.

The late Archbishop Temple had the great merit, as a public speaker, of possessing a powerful voice, and of clearly articulating every word and syllable, so that the shorthand note-taker who secured a reasonat ly good position could be absolutely certain of being able to place in his note-book a complete record of his remarks. Fhonographers may be reminded that Mrs Temple some years ago successfully acquired the Pitmanic system from the study of the instruction books, and sat for and obtained the Theory Certificate.

The repeal of the Technical Instruction Act, 1889, effected by the passing of the Education Act, 1902, removes from the statute book the Parliamentary enactment which first rendered possible the provision of instruction by a local authority in a number of technical subjects specifically mentioned in the Act, including shorthand. For the future the Evening School Code issued by the Board of Education will deal with the subjects of instruction.

In the speech making at the luncheon which followed the laying of the foundation stone of the new Sessions House in the Old Bailey, the Lord Chancellor complimented the Corporation of the City of London on having kept a perfect record of Old Bailey trials for more than a century, and regretted that such an excellent example had not been followed in other parts of the country. It is noteworthy that the Corporation has the distinction of having been the first public body in England which appointed a shorthand writer to take notes of legal proceedings, their first appointment of Thomas Gurney to report the Old Bailey trials dating from about 1737. The reports of the trials appear in the official publication known as the "Sessions Papers."

The Council of the Sheffield Chamber of Commerce have issued a prospectus calling attention to the new commercial classes in the Sheffield University College. The courses include the study of accounting, commercial law, the economics of business and commercial history, and of modern languages (French, German, and Spanish), from a commercial standpoint. There are two courses-day and evening. A full course will extend over at least two years. The day course involves attendance at the college for at least two mornings and one evening per week throughout the session, and the requisite time for home study; the full evening course, which is intended for those students who are engaged during the daytime, will occupy about three evenings per week.

TYPEWRITING NOTES.

The last number of the Writing Machine News (price 2d.) for the Old Year was of a seasonable character, with a coloured wrapper. Sketches and stories of an eerie character occupied a prominent place, but articles of interest to the typewriting world generally deserve special mention. With

the title "The Typewriting Industry," Mr G. C. Mares contributes an able review illustrated by diagrams of the United States Census Bulletin on Typewriting. In "Railway Charges on Typewriters," a large amount of information is given relative to the regulations of the different companies,

Since the legal status of the typewriter is a subject which frequently comes up for discussion, it is interesting to record that a correspondent in the Law Times states that he has obtained in the Liverpool Registry several probates of typewritten wills without any objection being taken thereto. Another correspondent states further that if those who have any doubt on this matter would take the trouble to look up any books on wills they would at once see the fallacy of their apprehensions respecting typewritten wills. A will may be written upon any substance. A will may be written and signed in pencil. A will, the body of which is printed from type or partly printed and partly handwritten, is valid. What is the difference between a will printed from type and a typewritten will? We may here add that the letter we quoted in our issue of 20th Dec. from a solicitor who had employed the typewriter for legal work since 1892 was written by Mr W. S. Wilkins, 16 Newbridge hill, Bath.

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On the subject of typewritten wills W. D. R. contributes the following experience: As to ever coming across a typewritten will, I may say that I have been engaged in solicitors' offices in different parts of the country for the past fourteen years, and up to the present time have never yet come across an original typewritten will. My experience has always been to engross original wills, whether there happened to be writing machines in the office or not. No doubt your former correspondent is engaged in an office where the writing machine is used freely, but I scarcely think it is made use of generally in the way he states throughout the country; as to this, however, your readers will know best. Personally, I fail to see the disadvantage which would ensue from a typed will or one written, but I think it will be found that the machine is not being used to such an extent in solicitors' offices, owing, perhaps, to the prejudice which exists to the writing machine, although this happily seems to be fast declining."

In connection with the above discussion it will be of interest to note that the result of inquiries made at Somerset House go to prove that as far as agreements, deeds, and other legal dccuments are concerned, these are all admitted if typewritten.

During the year which has just closed we have observed that an increasing amount of attention has been given in the public press to the subject of typewriting. Although, as we have had occasion to point out, in many cases the information imparted to the public leaves something to be desired on the point of accuracy, it is still satisfactory to note that the world is apparently reconciled to the fact that the typewriter has come to stay. In the field of literature the typewriter is gaining ground daily. From the editorial department of nearly every magazine of note in London the fiat has gone forth all that manuscripts must be typewritten before being submitted for consideration. Many authors use One the typewriter as the means of writing original work. of the most prominent literary men of to-day has said, "I use the typewriter in preference to the pen, because I can think better with it. In the old days, when there was no typewriter, my work frequently suffered from the fact that my pen was not able to keep up with the speed of my thoughts. Nowadays, by the aid of the typewriter, I am enabled to write at three times the speed of the pen, and consequently the written word is able to keep pace with the unspoken thought."

It seems strange nowadays to recall that there was a time when literary men of all degrees joined in condemning the art of writing by machinery. Like many other inventions, the ypewriter has won its way in the world, and now there are not many authors who are able to work without its aid. In the commercial world the revolution has been even greater. Firms who until a short time ago would allow only quill pens in their offices, now use the typewriter, and in many cases those who were its strongest opponents are now its most fervent supporters,

The salesman of one of our leading Typewriter Companies was successful, after a long time, in converting one of the most old-fashioned firms in the City to the use of the typewriter. The Principal of the firm in question met the salesman's first overtures with an abrupt and hardly polite negative, but eventually he consented to take the machine. About a month later, some trifling defect developed itself in the typewriter, and at about eleven o'clock an urgent telephonic message was received by the Typewriter Company, requesting them to send a mechanic at once. For some reason or other these instructions were not attended to for an hour or so, at the expiration of which time a message was received from the Principal of the firm to the effect that the whole of the work at the office was at a standstill through their negligence in not sending a mechanic at once. More emphatic evidence of the value of the typewriter could hardly be obtained. For over a hundred years this firm had been content to go on in the same way, finding the old way quite good enough for them, and steadily resisting any decided attempt to induce them to bring their office up to date. A month's use of the typewriter so convinced them of the value of the machine that its temporary breakdown was sufficient to disorganize the whole of their business!

We learn from a contemporary that what may be termed a musical tycewriter is an instrument to be adapted to a piano for the purpose of writing down in musical characters all the no es of the tunes played on it. This new instrument is adapted for the use of composers and those who have to arrange music for bands. We have not yet had the pleasure of investigating this interesting piece of mechanism, but we should like to point out that as the average piano is nearly five feet wide, and all the notes strike in the same straight line and not towards a common centre, as do the types of a typewriter, it will be a fairly difficult problem to construct a machine which shall record music in the manner indicated.

Misses Bertram and Miller, Western Business Training College, 113 West Regent street, Glasgow, have lately moved into larger premises on the ground floor, where they have much more accommodation and increased teaching facilities. In addition to other subjects, Mis es Bertram and Miller have, for some time past, been making a special feature of "touch" type writing instruction, which is being most successfully carried on. The College having been appointed a centre for the Society of Arts and other examinations, Misses Bertram and Miller are, at present, conducting special preparation classes in shorthand and typewriting for the forthcoming Spring examinations.

HENDRY'S BUSINESS COLLEGE, GLASGOW.

The seventh annual conversazione of the pupils and friends of Hendry's Glasgow Busir ess College took place on 22nd December, in the Trades' House, Glassford street. Mr.J. G. Hendry, the Principal, occupied the chair, and was accompanied by Bailie W. F. Anderson, Bailie P. G. Stewart, ExBailie Wilson, Councillors A. Campbell and M. Montgomery, Messrs W. Primrose, J. Duncan, J. P. Horn, J. Bogle, T. Cameron, J. Leckie, J. McConnochie, P. Jopp, J. Anderson, A. Jackman, R. Hendry, W. Carter, and several well-known city gentlemen. The Chairman furnished some interesting particulars regarding the rise and progress of his institution, which was now looked upon as one of the educational centres of Glasgow. During the present session more pupils had been enrolled than in former years, and the success which had attended every department was an indication of still further prosperity. In the Commercial section the examinations had proved very satisfactory, a total of 115 certificates being gained at the Society of Arts examination in shorthand, type writing, book-keeping, business arithmetic, etc., fifteen of these certificates being of the highest class. During the year many gentlemen had given handsome medals for competitions in the various departments, among these was a

handsome gold medal given by Mr John Horn, for competition in the shorthand section. Ex-Councillor Langlands had presented a handsome medal for competition in the typewriting department. Mr T. Ross had presented a medal for book-keeping, while the Principal had offered one for the best all-round pupil of the year. These competitions would take place early in the spring, when the Society of Arts competitions were held, and he was certain that the high standard of success achieved in past years would be maintained. In the Civil Service section good results had been obtained. In the professional section, the department had done well in preparation for the University entrance examinations, and he instanced the fact of several good appointments having been secured in open competition in the city, in the Glasgow Corporation and other large offices. In every department the College was developing most satisfactorily. During the evening Bailie W. F. Anderson proposed a vote of thanks to the Principal, in the course of which he observed that Mr Hendry had not only been a successful teacher and the head of an educational institute, but his influence extended further, for he secured appointments for most of them. Several cases had come under his own personal observation which had resulted most satisfactorily for the pupils and the employers. He had no doubt the high reputation of the College would be maintained. Bailie P. G. Stewart seconded the vote of thanks, which was accorded with enthusiasm. A dance terminated a very successful conversazione.

THE IMPERIAL INSTITUTE.

It is officially announced that in accordance with the Imperial Institute (Transfer) Act, 1902, the management of the Imperial Institute became vested in the Board of Trade from 1st January last. The Institute will be managed by the Board of Trade through their Commercial, Labour, and Statistical Department. The Board of Trade have appointed Professor Wyndham Dunstan, F.R.S., now director of the Scientific and Technical Department of the Institute, to be director of the Imperial Institute. The work carried on by the commercial intelligence offices of the Imperial Institute will be conducted by the commercial intelligence branch of the Board of Trade. The question of a City office for this branch is receiving the attention of the Board, and pending its establishment verbal inquiries on commercial matters may be addressed to the branch through the temporary inquiry office at 49 Eastcheap, E.C., the City office of the Imperial Institute.

CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATIONS

ANNOUNCED.

ASSISTANT SURVEYOR OF TAXES. Age 19-22. Examination for twenty-one vacancies in February next. Last day for receiving applications 29th January. Apply at once for "form of application" to the Secretary, Civil Service Commission, Burlington gardens, London, W. Subjects:Arithmetic Higher (Haugh or Workman); English Composition including précis-writing (Pitman); Geography (Commercial, Longmans' and Pitman); Book-keeping (Pitman's Book-keeping Simplified); French or German or Latin (equal to 1st Class Society of Arts); Euclid I., IV. and VI.; Algebra including binomials (Univ. Tutorial Algebra); Political Economy (Walker Brief Text Book). Fee £6. Salaries £100 to £700. Competition severe, often 18 candidates to each vacancy. The books we suggest ought to be mastered and a short course of oral or correspondence preparation is decidedly advisable. Previous examination papers with the table of marks (Jan., 1901) can be obtained of Messrs Eyre and Spottiswoode, price is.

WELSH PHONETIC SOCIETY.

Mr J. R. Jones (Gerallt), Secretary, Tanybwlch, R.S.O., Merioneth, reports the following new member :

Parry Thomas Charles, Tanlan Cottage, Llanrwst, North Wales.

THE FOX TYPEWRITER.

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The Fox typewriter, which takes its name after the inventor of that machine, is a notable case in point that it is not safe for the reader on this side" to assume that when a typewriter from America is placed on the English market it is an entirely new candidate for public favour. The Fox typewriter is, in fact, one of the standard American machines, and is being introduced here by Mr A. Stanford Wright, who had several years' previous experience in the typewriter business, and is placing the Fox on the English market on returning from his travels with the machine in India, Burma, and Ceylon. The headquarters of the Fox, for the United Kingdom, are at 112 Westminster Bridge road, where the premises acquired are undergoing alterations for the convenience of the business, and also for establishing a typewriting school. The head office and factory of the Company are at Grand Rapids, Michigan, U.S.A.

Meeting Mr Wright in the City recently we were shown an example of the latest model of the Fox typewriter. "How long," we asked Mr Wright, "has the Fox been in use in America?"

"It is about eight years since the No. 1 was placed upon the American market.

No, 2 and No. 3 models succeeded this, and then came this No. 4 model, and its popularity in America is very great. Here we have a few very striking evidences of that fact," said Mr Wright, as he handed us some testimonials from notable users of the machine. These testimonials were from the editor of the Call, published at New Jersey; the Seaboard Air Line Railway, and other public companies and business firms, while a testimonial of another type was from Mr Frederick N. Krauss, official stenographer of the City Court, Valdiosta, Ga., who found the Fox essentially suitable for his duties owing to its capacity

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"for fast work, the escapement being perfect and the touch wonderfully light."

"And what was the next new departure after these experiences of the machine in the States?"

"The next thing was that I went out to India, Burma, and Ceylon for the Fox Typewriter Company. While out there I got the machine placed in many important places, including the Government Telegraph Department at Simla, the Bengal Railway, East India Railway, and also at Spence's Hotel, the largest and best known hotel in Calcutta. After a journey of 1,800 miles by rail, from Calcutta to Bombay, a journey in which your typewriter gets as dusty as in the desert, I opened an agency for the Fox at Bombay. It is now in use in many places in India and has met with success there. I may add that I went out to India with a No. 2 and had a No. 3 sent out to me. Had I had the present No. 4 Model with me my success would have been greater still. I was also incapacitated by an attack of malarial fever, which obliged me to return home. Ceylon I left to visit on my way home, and consequently I was hardly able to do justice to this visit owing to my illness, but I succeeded in placing the Fox in official quarters there also."

"And how long has this No. 4 been on the market, and what are its strong points?"

"It was placed on the American market about twelve months ago, and so was not ready when I went out to India. It is proving a very great success in America, where the Company have had to double their factory, and the trouble is that we cannot get the machines turned out fast enough."

We were then shown a new machine just over from the States, and our attention was called to some of the points upon which the Company base their claim to its popularity. The key-board is of the Universal type, but having more than the usual number of characters, 88 in number, with 44 keys and a single shift. The shift for capitals is locked when required for continuous use of the capitals simply by depressing a key by the side of the other keys, and the margin release is operated in the same way. There is an arrangement for an easy roll-up motion of the platen for inspection of work without raising the whole carriage, and the platen is easily interchangeable. The reversal of the carriage is more simple than in some machines, and the paper feed is such that the paper drops directly into position, requiring no re adjustment. Special stress is laid upon the character of the escapement, which is claimed to be the most perfect ever

placed upon a typewriter. The escapement can be adjusted as for an ordinary operator, or it may be made available for an operator working at double the average speed. The ribbon reverses automatically, and there is a neat little device, a hanging automatic weight, which adjusts itself, and pressing against the ribbon spools on either side of the machine, keeps the ribbon flat and free from creasing. For the lightness of touch of the machine a great deal is claimed, in fact it is described as the "lightrunning Fox," and its merits in this direction are aptly summed up in the well known memorized typing line embracing all the letters of the alphabet-" The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." For these merits of lightness of touch it is claimed that the working of the machine is easy for the operator and that the machine gains in durability. The key levers are of aluminium, and it is possible to adjust each lever of the machine so as to secure a uniform touch. An improved pointer and an envelope guide are other features. The machine, which has a strong but elegant frame, is made in several sizes, from ordinary size up to insurance size for policy work.

The Fox Company has also placed upon the market an improved copy-holder which may be fixed in any position, including the position at the back of the machine above the carriage, right in front of the operator like music on a piano, thus obviating the side twist involved in reading from a copyholder placed at the side. It can be adjusted in any position to satisfy the operator, and adapted for any make of machine. Finally we learned further that the Fox has been on the Continental market for the last two or three years, where it is handled by a separate Company at Hamburg. Agencies are also opened in Russia and in New Zealand, and South Africa is contemplated at an early date, as well as, of course, agencies in the principal centres of the United Kingdom.

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