ORAL ELEMENTS COMBINED. 19 For ð, au, eau, eo, ew, oa, oe, oo, ou, ow; as in hautboy, beau, yeoman, sew, coal, foe, door, soul, blow. For o, a, ou, ow; as in what, hough, knowledge. For å, ew, 02, 00, ou, W, ui ; as in grew, shoe, spoon, soup, rude, fruit. For ủ, eau, eu, ew, ieu, iew, ue, ui ; as in beauty, feud, new, adieu, view, hue, juice. For ů, o, oe, oo, ou; as in love, does, blood, young. gem, gin. For f, gh, ph; as in cough, nymph. For sh, c, ch, 8, 88, t; as in ocean, chaise, sure, assure, martial. V. Α' FTER the instructor has given a class thorough drill on the preceding tables, as arranged, the following exercises will be found of great value, to improve the organs of speech and the voice, as well as to familiarize the student with different combinations of sounds. Students will not pass from these exercises until they can utter the elements represented by the figured vowels in whatever order the instructor may require. As the fifth element represented by a, and the third element of e, are always immediately followed by the oral element of r in words, the go is introduced in like manner in these exercises. The sixth sound of a, when not a syllable by itself, is always immediately followed by the oral element of f, n, or s, in words. For convenience, f only is introduced in these combinations. bi; åb, èrb; ib; ůb; der; dů; erd; ůd; 1. ba, bå, bå, bå, bår, båf; bė, be, ber; bi, bó, bở, bỏ; bi, bů, bů; bou. åb, åb, åb, årb, &f; èb, eb, ib, ob, ób, åb; ủb, ůb, oub. dà, då, då, då, dår, dåf; dė, de, di, di; do, dů, dů; dů, dů, dou. åd, åd, åd, åd, ård, Sf; ed, ed, id, id; od, od, oud. gà, gà, gå, gå, går, gåf; gė, gė, gër; gì, gỉ; go, go, gỏ; gủ, gủ, gủ; gou. ág, åg, åg, åg, årg, åf; eg, ég, erg; ig, ig; og, ög, ôg; ug, ůg, úg; oug. 2. jåf, jår, , já, jà, já, jà; jer, je, je; ji, ji; jo, jo, jo; jů, jů, jù; jou. låf, lår, lå, lå, lå, là; ler, le, le; li, 18, lou. ërl, el, èl; il, il; 81, ol, ol; ůl, oul. måf, mår, må, må, må, må; mër, mė, mė; mi, mi; mě, mě, md; mů, mů, mů; mou. åf, irm, âm, âm, âm, âm; êm, êm, em; im, im; ôm, ôm, ôm; ủm, ủm, 1m; oum. 3. nå, nå, nå, når, nåf, nå; nė, når, në; ni, ni; nô, no, no; nů, nů, nů; ång, årng, ång, åf, ảng, ảng; ong, ẵng, êng; ẳng, ing; ông, ông, ông; ủng, ủng, ủng; oung. rà, rå, rår, rå, råf; rė, rồr, re; ri, ro, ró, rồ; rů, rů, li; lo; lů; àl; ül; ; nou. ri; rů; rou. ORAL ELEMENTS COMBINED. 21 và, ve; 4. hà, thả, thản, thảf, thả, hà; ther, the, thẻ; thi, fhi; fho, fho, fhð; thủ, fhů, fhů; fhou. . åth, ath; af, åth, årth, åth; ěth, ërth ifh, ith; ôfh, öfh, oth; ůth, ùth, úth ; outh vå, vår, vå, vif, vả; vẹr, ve, vì, vi; vò, VỎ, vỏ; vũ, vů, vů; åv, åf, åv, àv, åv, årv; érv, év, év; iv, iv; ov, ov, ov; úv, ův, ův; wà, wå, wår, wå, wa, wåf; wêr, we, we; wi, wò, wo, Wồ; wů, wů, wů; wou. wi; års, ās; ēs; ås, Ös, ous. 2. åf, ås, ăs, èrs, és, is, is; os, os; ůs, ŭs, ūs; tåf, tår, tå, tå, tă, tā; ter, tē, tē; tĩ, ti; to, to, to; tū, tů, tủ; tou. thải, thẳr, thả, thả, thã, thị thêr, thẽ, thể; īth, ith; oth, th, oth; ūth, ùth, ith; outh. ouch; ůch, ūch, úch; õch, Och, och; ich, ich; ễrch, êch, ěch; df, āch, åchÅrch, ach, ăch. 3. chou; chủ, chũ, chủ; chỗ, chó, chõ; chi, chỉ; cher, chē, chě; chā, chă, chå, chå, chỗ, cha, chả, chẳr, chăf. oush ; ůsh, ush, ūsh; ösh, ôsh, osh; ish, ish; ërsh, ēsh, ësh; ash, &f, ăsh, åsh, åsh, årsh, shou; shů, shủ, shū; sh8, sho, sho; shī, shi; shểr, shē, shë; shår, shår, shā, shå, shă, shå. whou; whủ, whů, whū; who, whồ, whð; whī, whỉ; wher, whể, whē; whảf, whår, whå, whă, whā, whå. VI. an? RRORS in Articulation arise chiefly, first, from the sta'm for storm. frien's friends. wa'm wårm. blin'ness “ blind ness. bois t'rous 6 bois têr ous. fac's facts. chick'n chick en. sof' ly 66 soft ly. his try his to ry. fiel's wil's fields. nov'l nov el. trav el. rav el sev en 66 Secondly, from uttering one or more elements that should not be sounded; as, èv en for ev'n. for rav'l. heav en 66 heav'n. sev'n. tảk en tåk’n. sof ten sof'n. sick en sick’n. shảk en shảk’n. driv el driv'l. shov el shov'l. grov'l. shriv el shriv'l. Thirdly, from substituting one element for another; as, set for sit. dånce for dånce. sen'ce since. påst shet shůt. åsk gråss gråss. cåre cåre. srill shrill, 66 grov el “ påst. for git for gět. ANALYSIS OF WORDS. 23 pil ler pil low. wirl for whirl. chil drun for children. a gån a gain (ă gen). sůl ler cel lar. a gånst « against (ă genst). mel ler mel lów. herth hearth (hårth). carse course. mo munt 66 mo mėnt. re pårt re port. harm liss harm less. kind niss 66 kind nėss. på rent “ pår ent. bản net bỏn net. sing ing. trồf fy trỏ phy. wis per whis per. sing in VII. IM ing definitions and tables, to learn to spell spoken words by their oral elements, and to understand the uses of letters in written words, the instructor will aid the pupil to master the following exhaustive, though simple analysis. ANALYSIS.—1st. The word SALVE, in pronunciation, is formed by the union of three oral elements; så v--salve. [Here let the pupil utter the three oral elements separately, and then pronounce the word.] The first is a modified breathing; hence, it is an atonic. The second is a pure tone; hence, it is a tonic. The third is a modified tone; hence, it is a subtonic. 2d. The word SALVE, in writing, is represented by five letters; salve-salve. S represents an atonic; hence, it is a consonant. Its oral element is chiefly formed by the teeth; hence, it is a dental. Its oral element is produced by the same organs and in a similar manner as the first oral element of z; hence, it is a cognate of z. A represents a tonic; hence, it is a vowel. L is silent. V represents a subtonic; hence, it is a consonant. Its oral element is chiefly formed by the lower lip and the upper teeth ; hence, it is a labia-dental. Its oral element is formed by the same organs and in a similar manner as that of f ; hence, it is a cognate of f. E is silent. |