addition to a great deal of purely artistic work and of writing connected with Art.

ALFRED DOMETT (1811-1887) wrote various poems when he was hardly over twenty. In May 1842 he left London for New Zealand. It was this departure which led to Browning's poem on Waring," for Domett was Waring. His departure was, however, more satisfactory in its results than could have been expected, seeing that in his new country he filled nearly all the chief offices in the Administration, and wrote his name on the early annals of the Colony. In 1871 he returned to London, and did not die till 1887.

Of BROWNING himself (1812-1889), or of THACKERAY (1811–1863), I need not speak. Their names are household words, but few of my readers are likely to remember THOMAS DAVIS (1814-1845), whose poems in the Nation attracted in their day a good deal of attention. He died when he was a little over thirty, and before he had freed himself from the crazy politics with which he became connected after leaving Trinity College, Dublin, where he took his degree at two-and-twenty. His ballads on "Fontenoy" and on "The Sack of Baltimore" by Algerine pirates, are generally considered, I think, to be his best, but I prefer that on the "Irish Brigade," which I have given below.

FREDERICK WILLIAM FABER (1814-1863), who died before he had quite reached the age of fifty, was,

next to Newman, the most interesting person whom the Oxford Movement produced. Like Newman, he was brought up amongst Evangelical surroundings, and, like him, he died an Oratorian. His first volume of poems, "The Cherwell Water Lily," was published when he was very young. Like all his works, it contains a great deal that is valueless, and not a little that is exceedingly beautiful. It was of him that Wordsworth said, "I have never met any one who had so good an eye for Nature as I have myself except a young man who was here last year, Frederick Faber, and he had a better." Any careful student of his writings will see that this is not overpraise, and that he could give the soul of a landscape in a very few words. Unhappily, as he went on in life and found great numbers of persons, in the Church which he joined, delighted with everything he wrote, he became a less and less severe critic alike of his poetry and of his prose. Still, considering the comparative brevity of his life, he produced a great deal, and deserves to be had in long remembrance not only by those with whom he was connected by agreement of opinion, but by many others who belong to entirely different schools of thought. His life has been but poorly written, with a view rather to edification than information.

Dr. CHARLES MACKAY (1814-1889) was born at Perth, and was chiefly known as a song writer. "There's a Good Time Coming," which had so extraordinary a popular success, was by him. He did a prodigious amount of work as a journalist, wrote

many prose works, and a good deal of poetry, of which I give one specimen.

JOHN CAMPBELL SHAIRP (1815-1885) was educated at the Edinburgh Academy and at the University of Glasgow, whence he passed as a Snell Exhibitioner to Balliol. After leaving Oxford he became a Master at Rugby, but eventually succeeded James D. Forbes as Principal of the United College, St. Andrews, and held the Latin Chair in that University till 1872. He wrote much good prose, such as his "Studies in Poetry." The two poems which I have printed show him, I think, at his best, bringing into relief alike the English and Scottish elements in his character.

The Rev. THOMAS WHYTEHEAD (1815-1843) was educated at Cambridge, where he obtained many distinctions, but he was admitted to an ad eundem degree at Oxford, 4th December 1841, and was closely allied with some persons there, more especially with Frederick Faber, to whom several of his poems were addressed. He went out as chaplain to Dr. Selwyn, Bishop of New Zealand; but his health broke down, and he died in 1843. Before leaving England he published a remarkable little book called "College Life." Dreamy as it is, it reflects as well as anything I know the ethos of the Tractarian Movement. The hymn which I have transferred to the text is as beautiful in its way as his friend Faber's "Shadow of the Rock," and the other slighter composition goes some way to repair a great injustice by rehabilitating the enemy of some of man's worst enemies.

Of all the marvellously gifted and uncanny sisterhood who gave to the Rectory at Haworth so high a place in contemporary literature, EMILY BRONTË (1816-1855) had far the most remarkable poetical gift. Dying at thirty, she had not time to produce any great amount of verse, but some of it is of the very highest interest. I give one example.

GEORGE SYDNEY SMYTHE (1818-1857), the last Lord Strangford but one, was a member of the small but brilliant group which gave a certain romantic interest to the Parliament of 1841. He was the intimate friend of Frederick Faber, and of the present Duke of Rutland, in whose poems, which have been quite unduly censured by political adversaries, there are verses addressed to him. He was at one time the friend, and later the bitter enemy, of Disraeli, who is said to have remarked, pointing to his picture, If that man had lived I should never have been Prime Minister." That, however, was a totally erroneous criticism. George Smythe, though about as brilliant as he well could be, had few of the qualities which carried his critic so far-had, above all, none of that almost superhuman patience which even foes admired. He is understood to have been the Waldershare of "Endymion," and that picture of him is, I suspect, much nearer the reality than the remark which I have quoted above. A clever journalist of his day put his finger upon a weak point when he said, "But what could the House make of a young man who used to spring bolt upright in a foreign debate, shut his eyes, and pour forth a series of

sentences which sounded like a translation from the French of Vergniaud?" Lord Aberdeen, whose UnderSecretary he was for a time, made a not less apposite observation when he said that his fault was "not reading enclosures." His book, "Historic Fancies," was emphatically the book of a man who did not "read enclosures," but all through it are snatches both of prose and verse which well deserve to live. Of the latter I have transferred a few specimens to these pages.

I have given in my quotations from Newman and Faber some characteristic specimens of the poetry of the Oxford Movement. The brief connection with that movement of ARTHUR CLOUGH is well set forth in Shairp's poem on the "Balliol Scholars," which I have also given. It has always been said, and 1 believe it to be true, that the verses beginning

"As ships becalmed at eve that lay"

were written in relation to Clough's breach with W. G. Ward, along with whom he had gone a considerable way in the Newmanic direction. Anyhow, he may be considered as the pioneer of the Liberal movement in Oxford, which grew stronger and stronger from 1848 onwards until it became at last nearly all-powerful there. That change of opinion on the banks of the Isis marks a new departure in English thought, and I have accordingly given to Clough a very considerable place-a greater place than some may possibly think his due when considered solely as a poet.