admitted, that the general tone of Surrey's poems does not give us a favourable idea of the fair Geraldine's manners and character. He exhibits her as variable, coquettish, and fond of general admiration, and he accuses her of marrying twice from mercenary motives.* This is unfair; there is no proof that she married from mercenary motives. Surrey was himself married, and both the men to whom she was successively united, were eminent in their day for high personal qualities. Geraldine was so beautiful as to authorise the raptures of her poetical lover. Even in her later years, when as Countess of Lincoln she attended upon Queen Elizabeth, she retained much of her excelling loveliness. There can be no doubt that she was an accomplished woman; the learned education which the Princesses received at Hunsdon, in which she participated, is well known. Her father, Lord Kildare, was a man of vigorous intellect and uncommon attainments for the age in which he lived. The mother of Geraldine was Lady Elizabeth Grey, granddaughter of that famous Lady E. Grey whose virtue made her the Queen of Edward the Fourth. Thus the fair Geraldine was cousin to the young princes who were smothered in the Tower, and may truly be said to have been of "Princes' blood." The Earl of Surrey was beheaded in 1547. The fair Geraldine survived him forty years. The original portrait of her now extant, is in the gallery of the Duke of Bedford at Woburn.

PROPER TREATMENT OF THE TEETH.† MR. LINTOTT has rendered important service not only to his own profession, but to the public at large, by this excellent and well-written treatise on the human teeth. Decayed or defective teeth are the source of unspeakable misery wherever they exist, and when improperly treated, as they often are, by extraction, stopping up, or otherwise, the misnamed remedy becomes in many cases, a greater evil than the original disease itself.

Mr. Lintott has treated the subject comprehensively, as well as scientifically and skilfully. He has viewed it in all its bearings, and brought philosophy, observation, and an extended professional experience to bear on his positions. Among the points which he has amply illustrated, are the nature and composition of the teeth; their structure, anatomical and microscopic; and the best modes of treatment when diseased or injured. The little work is divided into chapters: those devoted to the consideration of the ordinary diseases of the teeth and gums, remedies against decay, and extraction, are particularly valuable, and ought to be read with attention by all into whose hands the treatise may come. We extract a portion of Mr. Lintott's observations on

REMEDIES AGAINST DECAY.

Those who possess a due knowledge of the importance of complete digestion to their general health, will be anxious to preserve, unimpaired, the uses of their teeth; and could the possessors of a good set of these most useful

She was the second wife of Sir Anthony Browne, and the third wife of the Earl of Lincoln, ancestor to the Duke of Newcastle.

The Structure, Economy, and Pathology of the Human Teeth. By William Lintott, Surgeon, and Mechanical Dentist. With upwards of Forty Illustrations. John Churchill.

organs, by any possibility, experience, for a few minutes only, the annoyances and comparative insufficiency of the best mechanical apparatus which has hitherto been devised to supply their want, how eagerly would they resort in proper time to those measures by which alone they can hope to retain, until old age, the powers of mastication which Nature has so liberally supplied!

In the first place, I would advise my readers that their dentist be well selected. Let not the cry of cheap prices induce them to trust their chance of future comfort to the mercy of a practitioner whose only object is the fee that succeeds his labour, whose only consideration is to plan the means by which he can most quickly transfer that fee to his own purse. The results of true economy are never arrived at by the sacrifice of quality to low prices, which at best are merely nominal.

If the teeth be properly cared for and skilfully treated in the first instance, the necessity for artificial assistance will probably never arise, and the expense of it will thus be saved. If the aid of the mechanical dentist be already required, be careful not only that he do his work skilfully and effectually, but that he use the best materials. My readers cannot suppose that any practitioner works for his amusement only; he must have his reward. What then, can those expect to receive who purchase a set of teeth "mounted on gold," at a price little above the first cost of the materials from which they should be manufactured?

To return to the proper course to be pursued in order to preserve the teeth. It is perhaps of little use to recommend absence from hot condiments, from acids, and from fluids taken into the mouth either very hot or very cold; but all of these are injurious to the teeth. and morning, with a moderately hard brush, constructed Brush the teeth well, both inside and out, every night with three rows of bristles, standing so far apart that the elasticity of the hair may have its full play. Do not confine this operation to simply moving the brush across the faces of the teeth from side to side, but give it a rotatory, and, as far as possible, a vertical direction, so that the bristles may spring in between the teeth, and free them from the particles of food, and the incipient deposit from the secretion of the tartar glands.

Use also some dentifrice, not of too harsh a nature. Prepared chalk, with a little pulverized orris-root, myrrh, bark, and camphor, aided by a very small proportion of well-pounded cuttle-fish bone, is the best powder that can be used. The colouring matter usually employed does not add to its efficiency, and serves only to stain the lips and tooth-brush.

Have the mouth carefully examined at least once in every three months, in order that any deposit which may have formed may be removed before injury has arisen from its presence; that in case of fracture of the enamel, the rough edges may be smoothed before any lodgment has been effected on them; that if decay should have commenced upon any tooth, (which will easily be detected by the experienced practitioner, long before the cavity becomes apparent,) it may be at once extirpated, and the cavity, if it have so far advanced, be properly and effec tually filled up. When this course is followed, a fair chance of permanently arresting the progress of the disease, in as far as the cavity under treatment is concerned, is afforded to the operator; and the operation itself is unattended by pain or inconvenience.

The chapter which Mr. Lintott has devoted to the extraction of teeth, is one which we could have wished, had our space permitted, to have given entire. Having suffered ourselves considerably, and known others

suffer more, from the ignorance or recklessness of persons following the dental profession, we can appreciate the value of Mr. Lintott's advice, when he admonishes us not to resolve on the extraction of a decayed tooth, until every effort has been made to relieve the pain by filling the cavity. Not less alive are we to the importance of choosing a proper dentist, when the removal of the diseased tooth is found to be indispensable. We give some of Mr. Lintott's remarks on the

EXTRACTION OF TEETH.

The removal of a decaying tooth should never be determined on, until every effort has been made to fill the cavity, and retain its use; unless, by its presence, it absolutely prevents the curative treatment of an adjoining tooth, or unless an abscess or tumour be evidently forming, and resist all other means of cure. The break in the arch of the teeth, consequent on the loss of one, weakens the whole set.

Those of the jaw whence the extraction has been made, lose the support afforded by uniform lateral pressure, as, in the endeavour made by Nature to fill up the gap, the remainder become separated from each other, and quickly assume a straggling and unsightly appearance.

The teeth of the opposite jaw, affected by the loss of their antagonists, will generally rise from their sockets, and become loose; mastication will be impeded, an undue degree of duty will be imposed on those which remain firm, and an untimely disarrangement of the entire apparatus will ensue.

It is an extraordinary circumstance, that an operation which every one justly holds in so much dread, and which really is in itself a very important one, involving a forcible disarticulation of most firmly united bones, should be entrusted to individuals almost or entirely ignorant of the structures to which they are about to offer such serious violence. When it is considered that the ordinarily constructed key, which is so universally employed by such operators, is, in their hands, a most dangerous instrument; (for no one can apply it properly, unless he have previously acquired an intimate anatomical knowledge of the articulation of the teeth;) that the force brought to bear upon the parts is infinitely greater than should suffice to overcome the resistance of the tooth, if the attempted extraction be one that ought to be persevered in; and that if the "fulcrum" be misplaced by a few lines only, this enormous force is exercised upon the bony structure of the jaw, as well as upon the tooth;-that the least unfortunate result to be expected is the crushing and breaking of the crown of the tooth, with the painful laceration and farther exposure of the already inflamed pulp;—and that probably extensive fracture of the alveolar structure may result, and may be attended by NECROSIS of the bone, involving the subsequent loss of many teeth;-when all these liabilities are taken into account, it seems most strange that this wholesale mode of exterminating the teeth should continue to meet with encouragement.

We wish our space had allowed us to go a little farther into Mr. Lintott's excellent treatise, which we ought to have before remarked, is illustrated with upwards of forty well-executed engravings. On a future occasion we may be able to give some further extracts from it. In the mean time, we feel we are doing a service to all—and their name is Legion-who are the victims of toothache, by calling their attention to a work which contains so much important information and valuable advice.

THE DEATHS OF GREAT MEN. bed scene of those whose fame will be imperishable so How deeply interesting it is to contemplate the deathlong as genius is admired, or science, art, and literature cultivated! It is said that Haller, the great physiologist, died feeling his pulse. When he found that he was almost gone, he turned to his brother physician, and said, "My friend, the artery ceases to beat," and died. Petrarch was found dead in his library, leaning on a book. Bede died in the act of dictating. Roscommon uttered at the moment he expired two lines of his own version of "Dies iræ." Rousseau, when dying, ordered his attendants to place him before his window, that he might once more behold his garden, and bid adieu to nature. Addison's dying speech to his son-in-law, was characteristic of the author of the "Spectator." Behold," said he to the dissolute young nobleman, "with what tranquillity a Christian can die!" Alfieri, the day before he died, was persuaded to see a priest, and when he came he said to him with great affability, "Have the goodness to look in to-morrow; I trust death will wait four and twenty hours." Tasso's dying request to Cardinal Cynthis was indicative of the gloom which haunted him through life; he had but one favour, he said, to request of him, which was, that he would collect his works and commit them to the flames, especially his "Jerusalem Delivered." Clarendon's pen dropped from his hand when he was seized with palsy, which terminated his life. Chaucer died balladmaking. His last production he entitled, “A Ballad made by Geoffrey Chaucer on his death-bed, lying in great anguish." Sir Godfrey Kneller's vanity was displayed in his last moments. Pope, who visited him two days before he died, says he never saw a scene of so much vanity in his life; Kneller was sitting up in bed contemplating the plans he was making for his own monument. "I could wish this tragic scene was over," said the celebrated actor Quin; "but I hope to go through it with becoming dignity." Bishop Newton died whilst in the act of setting his watch. Bayle, having prepared his proof sheet for the printer, pointed to where it lay when in the act of dying. The last words of Lord Chesterfield were when the valet, opening the curtains of the bed, announced Mr. Drysdale, "Give Drysdale a chair." Warren observed that Chesterfield's good breeding only quitted him with his life. "Tell Collingwood to bring the fleet to an anchor," were Nelson's last words. "I fear not death! Death is not terrible to me," said Charles the First, when he ascended the scaffold. Sir Thomas More, on observing the weakness of the scaffold on which he was about to die, said to the executioner, "I pray you see me up safe, and for my coming down let me shift for myself."-Polytechnic Journal.

AGAINST WORLDLY ANXIETY.

God sends them, and the evils bear patiently and sweetly; Enjoy the blessings of this day, says Jeremy Taylor, if for this day is only ours; we are dead to yesterday, and

we are not born to to-morrow.

SMILES.

Smiles are paradoxical things. Let any one call to his recollection half a dozen of the most stupid people he knows, and he will find it is the smile, which completes the insipid vacancy of their faces. Let him recall the most intellectual and powerful-minded of his acquaintances, and he will admit that in almost every one of them, it is the smile that indicates the finer features of the soul. Rivalry, by H. Milton.

ORIGINAL POETRY.

THE CONVICT'S LAST DREAM.

BY THE HON. D. G. OSBORNE. OH! visions very fair and bright

Are gleaming round the convict's bed, Where lies the form another night

Will number with the senseless dead. No sigh upheaves that guilty breast,

No frown disturbs that placid brow; And scarce more calm his morrow's rest Will be, than that which lulls him now. Glad dreams before the sleeper pass,

Dreams of that long forgotten time,
Whose fairy hues from memory's glass
Had been effaced by years of crime.
Once more, a guileless boy he treads

The dear familiar scenes of home,
By purling stream, o'er flowery meads,

Where once his footsteps loved to roam.
The father's smile, the mother's prayer,
The cherished sister's silvery voice,
All, all the charms of youth are there,
To bid that felon heart rejoice.
Lo! fancy's magic calleth back

Bright vision of those sleeping hours, Another spot in life's wild track,

Where passion sheds its brightest flowers. A dark-eyed girl is by his side,

And on the blush which lights her cheek, His ardent eyes entranced abide,

And read the love she dares not speak.
And round that yet half shrinking form
The lover now his arm is flinging,
And to those lips so pure and warm,
The lover's lips are fondly clinging.
Joy, joy to him! the bridal morn
That gives him all he loveth best,
In that angelic dream doth dawn,
That dream unutterably blest.

The well-known spire once more doth greet
His eyes, he heareth once again
The village bells in cadence sweet
Ring forth his hymeneal strain.
Ha! he awakes-no bridal bed

Is there 'tis but his dungeon cell,
That bell he hears in frozen dread

Tolls not for love,-it is his knell !

VARIETIES.

THE RUSSIAN TABLE D'HOTE.-Every dish at table was served in the Russian style-not less, I dare say, than one hundred, and all peculiar to the country. To make the matter complete, la maitresse d'hotel, dressed in gold embroidery and diamonds, sat at the head of the table, with her face, neck, and arms, painted like a doll. This sort of painting is a national usage, and has been so ever since Russia was in existence. Our attendants, to the number of forty, were bearded men, dressed in yellow purple, and particoloured shirts, tucked up at the wrists, so as to leave half of their arms naked, and without coats or waistcoats. There

was a boy who played on the organ, and who for the permis

sion to do so, paid the master of the tavern several hundred rubles a year, which shows how much the tavern was frequented, and how music here is considered a necessary of life. After coffee, a group of gipsies was brought for our amusement, dressed in gold brocaded shawls, tied on one shoulder, and with ear-rings formed of various coins. How beautifully they danced the Bohemian and Egyptian dances! calling to one's recollection the dancing figures of Herculaneum.Memoirs of the Princess Dashkaw.

PURSUIT OF FELICITY.-An anxious restless temper, that runs to meet care on its way, that regrets lost opportunities too much, and that is over pains-taking in contrivances for happiness, is foolish, and should not be indulged. Many run about after felicity, like an absent man hunting for his hat while it is on his head or in his hand. Though sometimes small evils, like invisible insects, inflict great pain; yet the chief secret of comfort lies in not suffering evils to vex one, and in prudently cultivating an under-growth of small plea. sures, since very few great ones are let on long leases.Sharp's Essays.

A LIVELY IMAGINATION.-A lively imagination is a great gift, provided early education tutors it. If not, it is nothing but a soil equally luxuriant for all kinds of seeds.-Niebuhr. THE POOR AUTHOR.-An author who was miserably out at the heels applied to a bookseller in St. Paul's Churchyard for employment, who told him that, upon producing a specimen of his abilities, he would do something towards supporting him, as he was in a pitiful situation. "Ay," says the other, "but I would not be supported in this pickle-I want to be taken out of it-and if you will give me a subject to write on, I will convince you that I am worthy of your esteem." "Well, what subject shall give you?" says the bookseller. Any subject," says the author, "but that of money or my wife-for I am not master of either."

THE CHARACTER OF AN ATHEIST.-" An atheist," says Butler, the author of Hudibras, "is a bold disputant, that takes upon himself to prove the hardest negative in the world, and from the impossibility of the attempt may be justly concluded not to understand it: for he that does not understand so much as the difficulty of his understanding, can know nothing else of it; and he that will venture to comprehend that which is not within his reach does not know so far as his own latitude, much less the extent of that which lies beyond it."

It is said that an illustrious personage recently wrote the following in the album of a lady of rank :-"There are two eventful periods in the life of a woman-one, when she wonders who she will have-the other, when she wonders who will have her. I never had such a wonder at all."

We are men of secluded habits, with something of a cloud upon our early fortunes, whose enthusiasm, nevertheless, has not cooled with age; whose spirit of romance is not yet quenched; who are content to ramble through the world in a pleasant dream, rather than ever waken again to its harsh realities. We are alchemists, who would extract the essence of perpetual youth from dust and ashes; tempt coy Truth, in many light and airy forms, from the bottom of her well; and discover one crumb of comfort or one grain of good, in the commonest and least regarded matter that passes through our crucible. Spirits of past times, creatures of imagination, and people of to-day, are alike the objects of our seeking; and unlike the objects of search with most philosophers, we can insure their coming at our command.-Modern Thoughts.

The most agreeable of all companions is a simple frank man, without any high pretensions to an oppressive greatness; one who loves life, and understands the use of it; obliging-alike at all hours; above all, of a golden temper, and stedfast as an anchor.

stitute for a newspaper. It is composed of delicate paste A pastry-cook at Bologna has produced a very novel subleaves on which witty articles are printed, not with ink, but with chocolate juice. Thus, after its literary contents are devoured, the reader may devour the production itself.

LONDON:

W. BRITTAIN, PATERNOSTER ROW. Edinburgh: JOHN MENZIES. Glasgow: D. BRYCE. Dublin: CURRY & Co.

Printed by J. Rider, 14, Bartholomew Close, London.