There

Cambridge, late Fellow of Pembroke College; and Gerald needed; the grosser woollen fabrics, coarse linens, strong cottons, heavy boots, teas, sugars, molasses, needles and thread, wax and Henry Baird Young, John M'Millan, Arthur Houssemayne thimbles, hoes and pickaxes, spades and rakes, shovels and dog-irons. du Boulay, and Hugh Fortescue Locke King. The shops were indeed stores of everything great and small, from a By the Honourable Society of the Inner Temple.-Chris-needle to an anchor There were smithies, or blacksmiths' forges, topher Venn Childe (holder of a certificate of honour of the cobblers' shops, flour and feed shops, taverns and livery stables; but the haberdasher or the ironmonger, the merchant tailor or the perfirst class, awarded Michaelmas Term, 1872), B.A, LL.B., fumer, the fancy goods shop or Vienna warehouse, the grocer and Cambridge; George Frederic Holroyd, M.A., Cambridge; Italian warehouseman, nor the wine-merchant had not established Francis Beaufort Palmer, Oxford; Samuel Henry Sand-themselves. There were few churches and fewer schools. were no dancing masters and no gymnasts. The people were rude bach, M.A., Oxford; Edward Nicholas Fenwick Fenwick, and unlettered, and the rising generation were even worse than their B.A., Cambridge; Ingram Bathurst Walker; Charles fathers, who had had at least the benefit in early youth of being George Walpole, B.A., Cambridge; Edwin Sandys Barker; brought up under the influence of an advanced civilization. NecesHugh Garden Seth Smith, B.A., Cambridge; George could not be sent off to Montreal, Quebec, or New York, for the sarily, the young men growing up in the village of Bytown, who Knowles, B.A., Cambridge; Ebenezer John Buchanan; means of education, became roughs. They were being brought up, Bedford Clapperton Trevelyan Pim, Captain R.N., and J.P. or rather, were growing up, as it were, beyond the influences of for the county of Middlesex; Syed Ameer Ali, M.A., civilization, and their manners were such as might be expected from such training. They had little respect for the fifth commandment. LL.B., Calcutta; George Edward Smythe, B.A., Cam- They anathematized horribly, and lewd ideas suggested beastly bridge. language. The farmers' sons were contaminated by the Shiners,' By the Honourable Society of the Middle Temple.- and the Shiners' were not improved by young men, whose knowWilliam Yardley, of Trinity College, Cambridge; Arthur ledge scarcely extended to the ten commandments, and whose fear of the law was only excited by the presence of an itinerant magistrate, Gough Pigott, B.A., Exeter College, Oxford; William while the abuse of justice by some political charlatan combining the Cordeaux, B. A., St. John's College, Cambridge; William office of storekeeper and justice of the peace became simply a Croasdill, B.A., Pembroke College, Oxford; James Fen-matter of ridicule. The ministers of religion, when they appeared, were objects of aversion rather than of respect. Horse-racing took ning Torr, B.A., Pembroke College, Oxford; Ernest John place on the Sabbath. The mob estimated crime and punished it. Trevelyan; Thomas Fuller, M A., Trinity College, Cam- One fellow cut off the ears of his neighbour's horse or shaved its tail. bridge; the Hon. Mark Pleydell Bouverie; Henry Whaley, A mob cut off the scoundrel's own ears, or threw him violently over of the London University; Kishon Mohan Chatterjea, ran high,' uncontrolled by moral principle. the Sappers' Bridge. Political feeling, so late as twenty years ago, Religionists were B.A. and B.L., Calcutta University; Abel Thomas, B.A., intolerant of each other. Roman Catholic was arrayed against University of London; John Macdonnell, M A., University reeds, setting aside the precepts of that religion, the cause of which Protestant, and Protestant against Roman Catholic. The two of Aberdeen; Walter Dalton, M.A., Pembroke College, each pretended to espouse, came frequently into contact. Oxford; Evan Oakes Williams, of New Inn Hall, Oxford; were fights as between the different tribes of Israel in David's time. Joseph Gompertz Montefiore; Henry Louden Buck; Henry The champions of Protestantism and of Romanism fought sometimes William Bleby, B.A., London University; Henry March with sticks, sometimes with stones, and sometimes with fire-arms. It was dangerous for a resident of Wellington Street, twenty years ago, Webb, University of London; Francois Claude Amable de on some occasions, to pass the Sappers' Bridge. It would have been Lapelin, Arthur Edward Tooze, William Hardy, John Peter equally dangerous for a resident of Church Street to have crossed Grain, Henry Rawlins; Pipon School - Charles Edward that celebrated structure and pass westward on the 5th of November. There was neither toleration nor good feeling. There was, indeed, Lanauze, and Sitaram Narayan Pandites, University of scarcely order at any time, and, at all times, order was liable to Bombay. violent interruptions.

Obituary.

THE Rev. Adam Sedgwick, LL.D., F.R.S., the Woodwardian Professor of Geology in the University of Cambridge, died on Monday morning, the 27th ult., after a few days' illness, at the venerable age of 87. He was born at Dent, in Yorkshire, on the 27th of March, 1786, and was the son of the vicar of that parish, who himself lived to the age of 92.

The funeral will take place in the chapel of Trinity College to day, at half-past eleven.

Notices of Books.

There

"All this has been altered, as if by magic. Now there are schools, the buildings being good, and the teachers being men of high educa tion, of talent, and of character. Now there are Bishops of the Church of England, and Church of Rome, and eminent preachers of the Gospel in the Presbyterian, Methodist, and Congregationalist churches. Now there are Young Men's Christian Associations, an improved police, a respectable magistracy, agreeable and instructive public entertainments, and that degree of civilization among all classes of the people which the presence of education on an extensive scale invariably produces. Crime, or that rudeness which is almost criminal without positively being so, no longer stalks abroad, feared and detested, but still unrebuked. It is not to be expected that an uncultured boor could to-day insolently ask a commanding officer of Royal Engineers to become cook to a wood-smack, and receive the reply given by Colonel By to the ruffian who had so insulted him, amounting to that inadvertently given by a Venerable Principal of the University of Glasgow, to a persistent dun, who had rudely accosted him in the street-ite ad infernam!' All classes of the people are being more or less influenced by the great change which has come over Ottawa since the advent of the seat of Government. Fine shops, vieing with those of Montreal or New York, in the

Ottawa; Past and Present. By Charles Roger, author of the Rise of character of their goods have sprung up; societies for the improveCanada from Barbarism to Civilization. Ottawa: 1872.

THE capital of the Dominion of Canada was only founded in 1826, not half a century ago. Ottawa, or rather Bytown, was then a wilderness; now it is a city, with cathedral and other churches, thriving factories, beautiful streets, and pleasing terraces. The Parliament buildings, architecturally considered, are possibly the finest on the American continent, and the legislative halls are scarcely equalled here. Mr. Roger has given a full and rather particular account of the progress of this "city of the woods," from the time of the first settlement of the Ottawa valley until now. He writes racily, and alludes with considerable nonchalance to the settlement of "that vast country, in America, extending about 4000 miles," the superficial area of which is 3.300,000 square miles, 110.000 miles more than that of the United States, and only 150,000 miles less than that of all Europe. The Falls of the Rideau and the Falls of the Chandiere, sublimely picturesque in their primitive grandeur, have been utilized and made to produce matches, tubs, pails, doors, sashes, deals, and even flour and cloth. And in these falls there is great, and indeed, limitiess wealth. As a specimen of Mr. Roger's style we give the

following:

"The farmers soon became comfortable, and the village, or, as it was called, the town of Bytown, grew in wealth with the advancement of the surrounding country. The stores were ample for the wants of the community. They contained everything which a family

ment of knowledge in literature and science have been instituted;
agreeable promenades have been constructed; terraces of superior
dwellings have taken the place of wooden buildings without eaves-
troughs, or water-spouts; and all the banks are doing business in
elegant and substantial stone structures. The hotels are of the first
class, so far as management is concerned, and Ottawa now, indeed,
affords enough of comforts for both man and beast."

The Scottish Branch of the Norman House of Roger. By the Rev.
Charles Rogers, LL.D., F.S.A., Scot Historiographer to the Histo-
rical Society. One hundred copies printed for private circulation.
London: 1872.

THIS small volume may properly take its place among the fictions of
genealogy. It is what may be aptly termed a genealogical "Hotch-
pot," a confused mixture or general jumble of incongruous impossi-
bilities. The facts taken separately, most of them are accurate
enough, but their relation to each other is neither apparent nor
capable of proof. Of the family which the Reverend Historiographer
dignifies with the imposing title of the "Scottish Branch of the
Norman House of Roger," the first authentic notice is found in 1562.
All beyond this-viewed in relation to the portioners of Coupargrange
and their descendants-is pure myth. In the Edinburgh Commissariat
Register, deposited in the General Register House, is a transcript of
the will and an inventory of "the guidis geir soumis of money and
debtis pertaining to umquhil William Roger, in Couper Grange in

Angus, the time of his decease, quha deceasit in the month of Junij,
the year of God 1562 years." This individual was a tenant-farmer,
paying an annual rent of 22/. 11s. 10d. Scots to the Cistercian Abbey
of Coupar. His son, William Roger, became the first portioner of
Coupargrange, and from this time downward, with the exceptions
presently to be noted, it is only fair to confess that we have verified
the pedigree and found it correct. The exceptions are that our author,
apparently with the view of substantiating his own claim as the
"Head and Representative" of this supposititious
"Norman
House," omits all mention of the elder son of William Roger, the
last portioner of Coupargrange, whose descendants are still living.
Our author, Dr. Roger-who prints his publications under the
assumed name of Rogers-also makes an unsupported statement in
regard to the parentage of Bailie William Roger, the founder of a
bequest called Roger's Mortification." If this William Roger was
the son of George Roger of the pedigree (of which there is not a
tittle of evidence), it is an obvious impossibility that the assumed
father of William could have been the brother of the first por-
tioner, inasmuch as that the will of Bailie William Roger, which is
still extant, goes to show that at the death of the latter his next of
kin or nearest living heir male was "Thomas Roger in Lioch, in the
parish of Auchterhouse," whose name is not even mentioned among
the multiform ingredients of this extraordinary compilation. Thomas
Roger is described in the will of Bailie William Roger as his
"cousin-german," a circumstance wholly subversive of the statement
set forth by Dr. Roger. Our author makes a difficulty as to the armo-
rial bearings of this so-called Norman House of Roger, which by his
account have not been ascertained, and, as we think, never will. He
ignores the fact which is patent to every one at all conversant with
the subject, that there were at one time several families of the sur-
name of Roger in North Britain in no way connected, and with
armorial bearings radically distinct. Of the truth of this statement
our author may satisfy himself by reference to the MSS. of Workman
and Pont (transcripts of which may be consulted in the Lyon Office,
at Edinburgh), and to the well-known System of Heraldry, by
Alexander Nisbet. It is a pity that this voluminous writer should
waste his industry on matters which he plainly does not understand.
Preparing for immediate publication, A Rudimentary Dictionary of
Universal Philology (Hall & Co.), of which the following may be
taken as a specimen:-

Abenaki or Abenaqui-A dialect of the Algonkin race of N.
American Indians: originally located in Nova Scotia and Maine,
they have since receded S. of the St. Lawrence, between St. John's,
New Brunswick, and R. Richelieu, Canada.

Abiponian-A native dialect of S. America, vernacular on the eastern Andes.

Abor-A dialect spoken by a hill tribe on the South-eastern boundary of Thibet.

Absne-A name for the ancient Abasci, now represented by Abascia, or Abgah, a country of Asiatic Russia, lying between the Caspian and Black Seas. The modern word ABSNE, is called Abkhazi by the Georgians; with the termival eti for " land," it is Abkhazeti, and extends from Soukum-kale to Jennikale.

Abyssinian-see Amharic.

Accaway-A dialect of native S. American, belonging to the CARIB

group.

Accra or Acerah-A language of native African, spoken by a small
nation on the Gold coast; it is sometimes designated the Ghah, and
the people are supposed to be descended from the Ghahnah, anciently
so called. Ghana, or Gana, is a city, governed by a Sultaun, near the
course of the Niger, here called Neel-il-Abeed, or Nile of the
Negroes.
Achagua-A dialect of native S. American, vernacular on the R.
Orinco; and closely allied to MAIPUR.
Acoma-A dialect of native N. American. It is one of the dialects
spoken by the Pueblo Indians on the R. Grande.

Adaiel-A dialect of ETHIOPIC, allied to DANAKIL.
Adaihe or Adaihi-A dialect of native N. American.
Adampi-A native African dialect, closely resembling Accra,
vernacular on the Gold coast, W. Africa.
Adelaide-A variety of native AUSTRALIAN, formerly vernacular at
Adelaide, S. Australia; it differs but little from other dialects of the
Gulf of St. Vincent.

Adige-A name for the CIRCASSIAN.

Adiyah-Otherwise FERNANDIAN; the language of Fernando Po, an island on the W. coast of Africa, near the mouths of the Niger. Ethiopic under E.

Afghan, see Pushtoo.

African-A name for all native dialects of Africa, not directly SEMITIC.

Afudu-A native African dialect belonging to the same group as the KAFFIR, vernacular on the Gaboon, W. Africa.

Agau or Agaw-A name for various dialects spoken in the province of Lasta, called Agawmidr, ie, Agawland; the native term is Aghagha.

Agglutinative-A name applied to certain languages, when words, brought into mutual relation by syntax, undergo a change of form, accent or meaning: the COPTIC, for example, is considered as essentially agglutinative. The American agglutinative languages are called polysynthetic.

Ahom-A nearly extinct dialect of Siamese, monosyllabic in form, and appears to have been transported by emigration from the borders Aiawong-A dialect of native Australian belonging to the W.

of China.

coast.

Aimara-A dialect of the Indians of S. America, largely augmented by Spanish; the natives were subject to the Incas of Pern, at the Conquest, and now inhabit the high ground near Lake Titicaca or Chucuito. They are closely allied to the Quichua or native Peruvians.

Notices to Correspondents.

Correspondents who reply to queries would oblige by referring to the volume and page where such queries are to be found. To omit this gives us unnecessary trouble. A few of our correspondents are slow to comprehend that it is desirable to give not only the reference to the query itself, but that such reference should also include all previous replies. Thus a reply given to a query propounded at Vol. ii., page 4, to which a previous reply had been given at page 20, and another at page 32, requires to be set down (Vol. iii. 4, 20, 32). F. Fitzgerald-You are mistaken in supposing that the British General, Sir John Moore, was a native Irishman. This distinguished soldier was the son of Dr. Moore, physician to the Duke of Hamilton, and one of the professors of the University of Glasgow. General Moore's paternal grandfather was a Scotch parish minister, and his family, from time immemorial, had been connected with North Britain. General Moore's remains were interred in the citadel of Corunna, where a simple memorial was erected over the spot. X. B.-It was Mungo Park who said, "A man may persevere in a wrong direction."

Colonist.-D'Arcy McGee was member for West Montreal. He was shot dead on the morning of the 7th of April, 1868, on his way to his lodgings. A tablet was inserted in the wall of the house at the spot where he fell; but the house has since been destroyed by fire. T. Robinson.-You will find a "Roo-Barge" figured at page 75 (Appendix) of Montagu's Guide to the Study of Heraldry. J. Neil-The old motto of the Johnstones of Annandale was "Light thieves all," originally the war-cry of Johnston, who was Warden of the Marches; the meaning of this was "Alight from your horses and surrender;" but being liable to much misconception when used as a motto, it was exchanged for the perfectly unobjectionable one of Nunquam non paratus.

Herald.-The broom, or planta-genista, was introduced as a royal badge by Henry II. This monarch also used an escarbuncle of gold, an ancient mark of the house of Anjou. Royal badges appear to have been discontinued in the time of James I. The slughorn of the Mackenzies was "Tullochdar."

German who wrote on heraldry; but it is the Insignium Theoria seu C. C.-George Philip Harsdorfer, of Nuremberg, was the first seventeenth century, to which most of the other German writers are Operis Heraldici of Philip Jacob Spener, who wrote at the end of the indebted for their information.

7.-Can you adduce documentary evidence to prove a previous foundation? We cannot undertake to return communications which for any reason we do not print.

C. C. B.-" Edward Waterhous, Esq.," was the writer of A Discourse and Defence of Arms and Armory. London, 1660.

D. B., Peterboro.-The sect of "Dunkers" arose about the first quarter of the eighteenth century (we think 1724). Their chief tenet is the mortification of the body. They deny the eternity of future punishment. They are said to dress like the Dominician friars, and to live chiefly on roots. The Brownists were the followers of Robert Brown, at one time a clergyman of the Church of England, who lived about the year 1600. He died in Northampton gaol in 1630. He is said to have boasted in having been committed to thirty-two prisons.

Novice. The person who draws a bill is called the drawer, he who accepts, the drawee or acceptor. A draft ceases to be a draft the moment it is accepted. It then becomes an acceptance. It is incorrect to say " My draft" to so and so, for so much falls due on such and such a date. The correct form of expression is "My acceptance," &c. The ignorance exhibited by many practical men of business in relation to such matters is surprising. Practically if a man once puts his name to a bill there is no getting out of the transaction without paying.

7. B. (Liverpool).-The first "surname" of the second line of our reply to you in our last issue should be sirname. The sentence ought to be read, “ Sirname was the name of the sire or progenitor,"

&c.

C. C.-Lord Dalhousie was Governor of Canada about the year 1823 or 1824.

B. D.-A man marrying an heiress, according to ancient practice, might either impale her arms with his own or bear them on an escutcheon of pretence.

NOTICE.

We shall be glad to receive contributions from competent and capable persons accomplished in literature or skilled in archæology, and generally from any intelligent reader who may be in possession of facts, historical or otherwise, likely to be of general interest. To all communications should be affixed the name and address of the sender; not necessarily for publication, but as a guarantee of good faith. Communications for the Editor should be addressed to the Pubis hing Office, 11, Ave Maria-lane, E.C.

LONDON, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 8, 1873.

CONTENTS.-No. 49.

which Mr. Growse suggests, without separating the words, which is of course the greatest difficulty.

We are not aware that the following extract from the Delhi Gazette, of October last, has been given in any of the home periodicals :—

MISCELLANEA:-Indian Archæology, &c., 61-Discovery of Ancient
Coins-Bengal Asiatic Society-White and Black Yajur Vedas
Archæology in Bombay Presidency-Chess-A Lake Legend
"DISCOVERY OF ANCIENT COINS.-About a month and
of the Central Provinces, East Indies-Lockit Buik of the Bur- a half ago, some of the villagers of Sonpat, while digging
gesses of Dundee, 62-Professor Westwood's Collection of Cast-out a ruin in the vicinity of an old tank, discovered an
ings of Carved Ivories, 63-The Art of Painting, 64.
NOTES:-Archæological Notes on Faversham Church, 64-Popular
Rhymes-Domum Tree at Winchester-Wedding Customs-
Taking him down a Peg-Extracts from Parish Registers, &c.
Rounce; Rouncie; Rouncy-Chaucer's Horses and their Riders
-The Emperor Valentinian-Essex House, Putney-Garraway's
Coffee House-The Coins of the Baebian Family-Folk Lore
SS. Crispin and Crispinian-Notes on Old Kentish Mansions.
QUERIES:-Topographical Queries, 69-Formula of LL.D.-St.
Margaret's-at-Cliff, Kent-Savages in Heraldry-The Dukedom
of Roussillon-Singular Property Conveyance. Maelstrom-
Heraldic Badges (?)-The Brassett Family.
REPLIES:-Glasgow Arms, 70-Tulchane Bishop-"There's a Spirit
Above," &c.-Folk Lore-Tirling at the Pin-Book Inscription

-Popular Rhymes-Songaign.

FACTS AND JOTTINGS, 71.

OBITUARY, 72.

NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS, 72.

Miscellanea.

INDIAN ARCHEOLOGY, &c.

By the courtesy of Professor Max Müller, to whom our best thanks are due, we are enabled to give some extracts from the Indian Antiquary, published at Bombay, an excellent monthly publication, which we should wish to see better known at home. We are glad to find that it is ably supported by contributions from the best men in India.

in weight-" of silver coin. The earthen pot was buried
earthen pot, containing three sérs and a half"-seven pounds
about seven feet under ground; the coins at the bottom of
the pot were completely defaced by corrosion, though nearly
three-fourths of its contents were in a very good state of
preservation. On examination the coins were found to be-
long to Græco-Bactrian kings. The coins of Meander are
certainly more numerous than those of any other king, though
by far the best impressions are on the coins of the King Phi-
loxenus.
coins have been deciphered :-Meander, Philoxenus, Diome-
The following are the names of the kings whose
des, Antialkider, Apollodotus, Hermæus, Helicales, Heaton,
Antemachus, and Kaikalliope. A description of the coins
and the circumstances of their discovery is being prepared
for the London Academy.

BENGAL ASIATIC SOCIETY. - At a meeting of the society, Captain W. L. Samuels, Assistant Commissioner, Mânchûm, read a paper on the legend of Bâghesar, current among certain clans of gonds, descended from a family of five brothers, named Kûsrú, Sívrí, Markám, Netia, Sársún, that once upon a time a tiger cub was born to Kûsrû. As ing predatory animals from its father's crops, and in conit grew up, the young tiger made itself very useful in keepsequence the greatest affection existed between them. To Kúsrú's intense grief the cub died, but shortly afterwards his wife gave birth to a daughter, who in due time became marriageable. The marriage ceremonies had been completed, and the party were about to enjoy themselves with PUBLICATION OF CHAND.-Mr. Growse, during the feasting and dancing, when suddenly a frightful sound is latter part of the rainy season of 1871, had begun an edition heard proceeding from one of the company who had beof Chand, founded on the Agra MS., when his attention was come possessed with a demon. On interrogation by an directed to the Baidla MS., as the only one "which the exorcist the demon is recognised by Kúsrú to be the spirit noble families of Rájputána considered to be of any autho- of his lost tiger-son. The demoniac is appeased with the rity." Finding he would be unable to do anything towards sacrifice of a live kid, which he tears in pieces after the manpreparing it for the press before March or April, 1873, hener of a tiger, and after being presented with three cupfuls wrote a letter to the Secretary of the Bengal Asiatic So- of liquor and some mouthfuls of fine glú (melted butter), ciety, from which we extract the following:disappears. The appearance is considered a most happy "I am convinced that in an editio princeps of a work of omen, and Kúsrú's tiger-son is henceforth deified, and this peculiar nature, which is mainly interesting to the phi- worshipped under the name of Bâghesar by the five clans. lologist, it is imperative on an editor, having once secured a To this day among the descendants of the five brothers, durgood MS., to adhere to its ipsissima verba, without the slight-ing their marriage ceremonies it is usual for one or two of est attempt at alteration or correction. If I continue editor, those present, generally the officiating priest and a looker I shall simply make a faithful transcript of the Baidla MS., on, to feign possessed with the soul of a tiger, and tear in adding at the foot of the page the various readings which pieces a live kid. The demons are afterwards appeased by find in the Agra copy. Now such a task, though laborious, the bride's father with an offering of three cupfuls of liquor is purely mechanical, requires no special knowledge, and and a mouthful of glú. No marriage ceremony in these five can be equally well performed by any one who can read the clans is considered complete without the appearance of character. I would therefore suggest to the Philological Bághesar and the attendant rites. Committee the desirability of having the two MSS. sent down to Calcutta, and there made over to a native writer without engaging any regular editor, but simply having some trustworthy corrector of the press to add the varie lectiones, and compare the proofs with the MSS. I

I

am convinced that the adoption of the plan I have suggested above will obviate all cause for delay, and secure a result in all respects as satisfactory as if the work had remained under my supervision."

The philological committee has resolved to recommend to the council of the society, "that for the present the edition of Chand be deferred; but they have recommended also, that on the receipt of the Baidla and Agra MSS. a sum of about Rs. 200 be devoted to the collation of both MSS." The committee do not think that it would be of much use to print any portion of the Chand in the manner

WHITE AND BLACK YAJUR VEDAS.-It is worth noticing that the followers of the Black Yajur Veda are almost confined to Southern India, while the predominant or only Veda among the Gaudas of the North is the White Yajur. The Gujarat people have got a trace of one Sakha only of the former, the Maitrayaniya among the Marathas; the Chitpávana Brahmans are nearly equally divided between the Rig Veda and the Black Yajur Veda; while the Des'asthas are Vajusaneyins (followers of the White) and Rig Vedis. Whether this is to be accounted for by a revolution or some such event, enabling the followers of the White Veda to drive their rivals to the South, or by the supposition of that part of India being the country of the origin of the Black Yajur, is not determined. But there is a prophecy in the Agni Purôna, which represents the White Yajur Veda as a conquering or triumphant Veda, saying that the only Veda

that will prevail in the latter part of the Kaliyuga will be the of a few spadesful of earth, a clear fountain leapt to the Vajasenayaka; all others being lost, and the purohita, or priest of Kalki, the king that will overthrow the Mlechchhas, who will overthrow the earth, will be Yajnavolkya. This latter part of the prophecy occurs in other Purânas also. Yajnaal Vkya is the founder or first teacher of the White Yajur Veda.

WE learn that the well-known Mûmônsâ text-book, the Jaiminiya-Nyaya-Malâ Vistara, of which 400 pages in large quarto were completed by Dr. Goldstücker, will be completed by E. B. Cowill, Professor of Sanskrit in the University of Cambridge.

THE photo-lithographic fac-simile edition of the celebrated commentary by Pankanjali on Sanskrit grammar, entitled the Mahabhashya, which the same worthy and much lamented scholar had in hand, has only advanced to the 300th page, i.e. only one-half of the book has as yet been executed. Whether this will be completed remains to be seen. As the writing is very small, the exertion required for editing is almost too much for the eyes, and therefore, we have considerable doubts about its rapid completion. Should the work be published we understand that the price will be Rs. 500, which will of necessity place it beyond the reach of most scholars.

ARCHEOLOGY IN BOMBAY PRESIDENCY.-From the Administration Report for 1870-71:-The materials collected from an examination of the ancient temple of Ambarnoth, by the party of artists sent to that place in 1868, and mentioned in the Administration Report of that year, have been utilized. Six sets of the casts and photographs of the temple have been completed, and one set of architectural drawings made. One of each of the former and the single set of the drawings were sent to England for the last International Exhibition, to be eventually handed over to the Secretary of State for India. Out of the remaining photographs and casts, two sets have been ordered to be sent to England and one to each of the museums at Calcutta and Madras. It has been proposed to cause copies of the architectural drawings to be made in England, by the carbon or other process, for distribution among learned persons, and institutions, and museums.

surface. While all were delightedly drinking, the freed waters rose and spread into a wide lake, overwhelming bride, bridegroom, and procession; but fairy hands soon constructed a temple in the depths, where the spirits of the drowned are supposed to dwell. Afterwards on the lakeside a palm tree grew up, which only appeared during the day, sinking into the earth at twilight. One morning a rash pilgrim seated himself upon the tree-top, and was borne into the skies. The palm then shrivelled into dust, and in its place appeared an image of the spirit of the lake, which is worshipped under the name of Taroba. Formerly at the call of pilgrims, all necessary vessels rose from the lake, and after being used were washed and returned to the waters. But at last an evil-minded man took those he had received to his home; they quickly vanished, and from that day the mystic provision wholly ceased. In quiet nights the country-folk still hear faint sounds of drum and trumpet passing round the lake. The old men say that in one dry year, when the waters sank low, golden pinnacles of the fairy temple were seen glittering in the depths. The lake is much visited, especially during the months of December and January; and the rights of the god are performed by a Gond. Wives seek its waters for their supposed virtue in causing fertility, and sick persons for health. Fish in the lake grow to a large size, the skeleton of one which was stranded some years ago measuring eight feet in length.

(58) Item furth of the foirsaid land of Thomas Annand quhilk sumtyme pertenit to James Scrymgeor havand on ye est the land of Alex annand To the said Chaiplanrie of Sanct Agatha zeirlie

fyve merkis

(59) Item furth of ye said Alex Annandis Land foirsaid quhilk sumtyme pertenit to John Bell Lyand on ye west syid of ye Turnpeck to Sanct Androws Chaiplanrie zeirlie for ss vid and furth of ye said Alexr Annandis land Lyand on ye east syid of ye said Turnpeck To the Choristaris zeirlie

Ten ss

60) Item furth of ye land of Masie Watsoun Lyand on ye (orth syid of Argyllis gaitt Betuix ye land of Dauid Spankie on ye east and the land of James Duncan on the west pairtis to ye Choristaris zeirlie

fourtie ss

CHESS.-The Burmese game of chess differs slightly from the European game, but only where the Europeans have altered it since they received it from the east, for it was brought into Western Europe by the Crusaders, who appear to have altered the Burmese horses " to "knights," and "chariots" to "castles," as now found in the European game. The Burmese name checturin has been defined the chief ruler, a leader of an army," which is not quite correct. The name is derived from the Pali or Sanskrit, chathu, four" and enga, "a member," i.e., "the four members (of an army), elephants, chariots, cavalry, and infantry; and it is (61) Item furth of ye Said David Spankie's land foirsaid the same name dragged through Persian and Arabic which haiffand on ye East the land of Dauid Scrymgeor of fordy appears in the English word chess, which Webster r. fers to to the Chaiplanrie of Sanct Saluator zeirlie the French. The "rook" of the English game is the same foure lib ellewine ss iiii word as the ratha of the Burmese, being the Pali or Sans-(62) Item furth of ye said Dauid Scrymgeor of fordie his krit for a chariot.-Dr. F. Mason, "A Working Man's Life." land foir said havand on ye east the land of ye airis of vmqle James myln to ye choristaris zeirlie A LAKE LEGEND OF THE CENTRAL PROVINCES, EAST (63) Item furth of ye land of Dauid Ramesay zounger INDIES.-Lake Taroba, in the Chanda district, situated 14 baxter Lyand On ye south syid of Argyllis gaitt Betuix ye miles east of Segaon, in the basin of the Chimar hills, at a land of Dauid Tendell on ye east and ye mid Kirkstyll on ye considerable height above the plain, is believed by the natives west pairtis to the Hospitall zeirlie of the surrounding country to owe its origin to enchant- (64) Item furth of ye land of Dauid Ramesay elder baxter ment. It is far from any village, and though artificially Lyand on ye north syid of Argyllis gaitt Betuix ye land of embanked at one point, has all the appearance of a natural James Man on ye east and the land of James mylnis airis on Its depth is very great, and the wateris considered to ye west pairtis To the choristaris zeirlie Twelf ss be of peculiar excellence. In the early ages, so runs the legend, a marriage procession of Gavalis was passing these hills from the west. Hot and thirsty they sought for water but found none, when a strange-looking man suggested that the bride and bridegroom should join in digging for a spring. Laughingly they consented, and with the removal

lake.

Ten ss

aucht lib

Suma huius pag: xxxi lb xviii ss iid (65) Item furth of ye land of ye Said James man foirsaid havand on ye east the land of ye airis of vmqle Alex Maille To the Choristaris zeirlie (66) Item furth of ye land of Johne Baxter Lyand on ye fyve ss ind east side of ye buriall Wynd betuix ye land of James Craill

on ye south and the land of Mr Dauid Campbell on ye north pairtis To the gray freiris zeirlie threttie twa ss viiid (67) Item furth of ye said James Craillis Land foirsaid hav. The fyft land pertening to Dionese Conqueror sumtyme and on ye east the Land of Robert Rolland to the Choris-pertening to Johne Spenss zeirlie Sex ss threttene ss iiiid