NATIONAL EXISTENCE; THE UNITED STATES THEY WERE AND ARE: GIVING THE PROGRESSIVE DEVELOPMENT OF MINERAL WEALTH, INCLUDING NOT ONLY THE PRECIOUS AND THE USEFUL METALS, BUT WITH AN APPENDIX, GIVING THE PROGR338 OF ALL THE RELIGIOUS DENOMINATIONS AND SECTS, THER PECULIAR DOCTRINES AND ORDINANCES, THEIR FORMS OF CAURCA GOVERNMENT, MODE OF WORSHIP, &C., &0. THR WBOLU CAREFULLY PREPARED BY In Eminent Corps of Scientific and Literary Men. Superbly illustrated with over Two Hundred and Twenty-Five Engravings, executed by the most accomplished Artists in the Country carefully printed from Steel Electrotypes and in Chromo. Sold only by subscription. HARTFORD, CONN.: 1875. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1872, by L. STEBBINS, In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. MINING INDUSTRY OF THE UNITED STATES, Including Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, Zinc, Iron, Coal, Petroleum, &c., showing the Localities, Richness of Ores, Methods of Mining, Smelting, and applying the different Minerals to practical uses, with their values, &c., &c. FUR TRADE, various kinds and values of Furs. Of the late Pennsylvania, and other Geological Surveys ; Contributor to Apple ton's “6 New American Cyclopædia” on the same Subjects. LAND, SETTLEMENT, INTERNAL TRADE. Western Settlement, Population, and Land Sales, Canals and Railroads, Expenditures, Lake Cities, Reciprocity, Annual Sales of Land by the Government, River Cities, Atlantic Cities, Date of Settlement, Population, Valuation, Manufactures, Exports, Imports, Growth of New York, Express Business. BANKS, UNITED STATES MINT, AND INSURANCE. Bills of Credit, Government Issues, United States. Bank, State Banks, Suffolk System, Safety Fund, Banks, Free Banks, Number of Banks in Each State, Aggregate Capital, Clearing Houses, Private Banking, New National System, &c., Establishment of Mint, Standard of Coins, Laws Regulating Coinage, Precious Metals in the Country, Insurance,-Fire, Marine, Life, Accident, &c. . EMIGRATION. General Migrations, Colonies and United States, Number of Aliens arrived in the United States from 1820 to 1856, and their Nationalities, Landing in New York, PRINTING PRESSES, TELEGRAPH. their Lives, their Literary Productions; Newspapers,--Dailies, Weeklies, Periodicals, Book Trade, Publishing, Jobbing, Retailing, Selling by Subscription, Book-Binding, Printing Presses, Telegraph. By THOMAS P. KETTELL. SOCIAL AND DOMESTIC LIFE By FREDERICK B PERKINS. ARTS OF DESIGN. Painters, Sculptors, Engravers, &c. Magazine." EDUCATION, Including the History and Statistics of Free Schools, Common Schools, Grammar Schools, Academies, Colleges, Professional Schools of Theology, Law, Medicine, War, Teaching, Engineering, Agriculture, Mechanics and Fine Arts; with Special Schools for Deaf Mutes, Blind, Idiots, Juvenile Criminals, and Orphans, and Supplementary Educational Agencies and Libraries, Lyceums, Lectures, &c. By HENRY BARNARD, LL. D., Superintendent of Common Schools in Connecticut and Rhode Island ; Chancellor of the State University of Wisconsin; and Editor of the “ American Journal of Education." ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH, Its Inventors, and Progress, FIRE INSURANCE, Giving in a historical form the progress and growth of Fire Insurance in the United States from the first organized Companies up to 1871, with valuable tables, showing the magnitude of the business, rates, losses, profits, &c., By D. A. HE ALD, LIFE INSURANCE, Showing the progress of the business under the Stock and Mutual principles, from the first organized Company up to 1871, with valuable tables showing the immense magnitude of the business, per centage, losses, profits, &c., By JACOB L. GREENE, CONTENTS PAGE ..... des................... Introductory Remarks....... .......... Table of Iron Works in operation and aban- Iron Works in Virginia previous to 1622.... First Blast Furnace in 1702............. Production of Pig Iron........ Distribution of Furnaces by States.. First Trial of Anthracite Coal for manufac Product of Wrought Iron........ facturing............................. 18 Value of the Iron product in 1856..... Great Britian produces more than half of the COPPER......... whole product of the world...... Iron produced from 1828 to 1840........... Tennessee Mines.... pany Mines from 1852 to 1860......... Furnaces in the Lehigh Valley............ Statistics of Lake Superior Mines.......... | USEFUL APPLICATIONS OF COPPER ... 28 GOLD....................... List of Rolling Mills in 1856. Mills making Railroad Iron in 1856. Annual production of Gold in the World at Boiler Plate and Sheet Iron Manufactories in the time of its discovery in California. ... Length and Cost of Artificial Water-courses in California. ........................... List of Nail Manufactories in 1856. |