couraged with the reflection that the Most High, still rules in the storm as in the calm, "the clouds are the dust of his feet." Much unquestionably Temains to be done; and generations must probably pass away before these troubled elements will settle into peace, and the kingdoms of this world become the kingdoms of the Lord and his Christ in full and undisputed dominion. It then remains, as intimated in a recent letter from a valued friend in England, for the Christian labourer to perform his part, whatever it may be, towards the promotion of this work, "and to die in the faith of its glorious consummation." lion has this time preceded the autumnal equinox by a week less than it did in the year 1264, when its display was so terrific —" great, bright, and spreading a long broad tai!," as described in the annals of Coimar. Their nearest approach this time will not be less than thirty millions of miles. In the year 1566 the dis tance of the comet from the earth was less than seven millions of miles, the comet being then in its ascending node, whereas it is now about to pass through its descending node, as it did in the year 1264. The comet will be visible after dark in the evening, if the weather permit, in the north-east, below the North Pole, not far from the stars Castor and Pollux, mounting to DIED,At the residence of his son, in Skaneate-wards the star Procyon. The apparent course les, N. Y., on the morning of the 14th ult., of an affection of the heart, JOSEPH S. SHOTWELL, of New York, aged 61 years. The founder of one of the most successful mercantile establishments in that city, and alike eminent for his sagacity and strict integrity, he retired from business pursuits, when he deemed his acquisitions sufficient for his comfortable support. Liberal, but unostentatious in his charities, he conformed carefully to the Divine injunction-"Let not thy left hand know what thy right hand doeth," Fully aware for some months of the character of his disease, he set his house in order, and calmly awaited the summons to the world of spirits. At his residence in Randolph County, North Carolina, on the 14th of last month, ENOCH BARKER, aged 72 years, a valuable Elder of Holly Spring Monthly Meeting. From the London Times, Aug. 24. of the comet will be nearly in the track of 1264, when "it was first seen," as described by Father Giles, "beyond the circle of the zodiac towards the north, over Cancer, and afterwards towards the south from Gemini, between Cancer and Orion." As this comet occupied 292 years in performing a revolution round the sun, it follows from the third of Kepler's laws that the axis of the orbit is 44 times that of the earth. Its perihelion distance is computed at .46 of the earth's mean distance; and of course, when nearest, it is about 44, and when most remote about 8,434 millions of miles from that luminary. The solar ray must occupy 12 hours in passing from the sun to the comet when at its aphelion; and yet when compared with the distance of the nearest fixed star, the comet must be REAPPEARANCE OF THE PERIODIC COMET OF TWO considered as always remaining in the vicinity of D. M. s. Aug. 7.-1446 13. R.A.,6 15 0 3..N.D., 41 18 46 10.-13 20 43.. “6 31 22 3.. 38 49 0 which, at a mean obliquity of 23 deg. 27 min. 33 sec. for the ecliptic, give for 10. 66 D. M. S. D. M. s. Aug. 7.-Longitude 92 57 19..N.L. 16 44 6 96 21 0.. 66 15 16 3 This comet is, in reality, the long expected periodic comet of 292 years, concerning which so much has been written, and which has been so anxiously looked for by the whole body of astronomers. It passed its perihelion in the last week in July, and is now descending to the southern hemisphere, which it will probably enter before the close of the present month. The earth and the comet are now gradually approaching each other, but will not come so near each other as in the year 1264-for the perihe our lord of day.—[ED. U. S. EXPEDITION TO THE DEAD SEA. According to an account of Lieut. Maury, in the Southern Literary Messenger, this expedition was planned by Lieut. Lynch, and assented to by the Secretary of the Navy in the spring of 1847. The store ship "Supply" took out Lieut. Lynch and two metallic boats as transports. These boats were carried over mountain gorges and precipices by the party appointed for the expedition, and on the 8th of April, 1848, they were launched upon the sea of Galilee. The Richmond Republican has condensed the interesting article of Lieut. Maury as follows: The navigation of the Jordan was found to be most difficult and dangerous, from its frequent and fearful rapids. Lieut. Lynch solves the secret of depression between Lake Tiberias and the Dead Sea by the tortuous course of the Jordan, which in a distance of sixty miles winds through a course of two hundred miles. Within this distance Lieut. Lynch and his party plunged down no less than twenty-seven threatening rapids, besides many others of less descent. The difference of level between the two seas is over a thousand feet. The water of the Jordan was sweet to within | the sea, for we have seen them-but cannot de tect any living thing within it; although the salt streams flowing into it contain salt fish. I feel sure that the results of this survey will fully sustain the scriptural account of the cities of the a few hundred yards of its mouth. The waters The party proceeded daily with their explorations making topographical sketches as they went, until they reached the Southern extremity of the sea, where the most wonderful sight that they had yet seen, awaited them. He thus speaks of Jordan: "The Jordan, although rapid and impetuous, is graceful in its windings and fringed with luxuriance, while its waters are sweet, clear, cool and refreshing." After the survey of the sea, the party proceeded to determine the height of the mountains on the shore, and to run a level thence, via Jerusalem, to the Mediterranean. They found the summit of the West bank of the Dead Sea more than 1,000 feet above its surface, and very nearly on a level with the Mediterranean. "It is a curious fact," says Lieut. Maury, "In passing the mountain of Uzdom (Sodom) we unexpectedly, and much to our astonishment," says Lieut. Lynch, "saw a large rounded, turret-shaped column, facing South-East, which proved to be of solid rock salt, capped with carbonate of lime, one mass of crystalliza-"that the distance from the top to the bottom of tion. Mr. Dale took a sketch of it, and Dr. Anderson and I landed with much difficulty, and procured specimens from it." The party circumnavigated the lake, returned to their place of departure, and brought back their boats in as complete order as they received them at New York. They were all in fine health. This is a specimen of the skill, system and discipline of the American navy. No nation in the world has such a service. The time is coming when it will give proofs of that fact palpable to the most dull understanding. Thanks to the good management of Lieut. Lynch, the whole cost of this scientific exploration of the Dead Sea (except, of course, the cost of equipage and maintenance of the crew of the ship) was but seven hundred dollars. From the letters of Lieut. Lynch, quoted by Lieut. Maury, we transcribe the following interesting facts elicited by the exploration: "The bottom of the Northern half of this sea is almost an entire plain. Its meridional lines at a short distance from the shore scarce vary in depth. The deepest soundings thus far, 188 fathoms, (1,128 feet.) Near the shore the bottom is generally an incrustation of salt, but the intermediate one is soft mud with many rectangular crystals-mostly cubes-of pure salt. At one time Stellwager's lead brought up nothing but crystals. "The Southern half of the sea is as shallow as the Northern one is deep, and for about onefourth of its entire length, the depth does not exceed three fathoms, (18 feet.) Its Southern bed has presented no crystals, but the shores are lined with incrustations of salt, and when we landed at Uzdom, in the space of an hour, our foot prints were coated with crystallization. "The opposite shores of the peninsula and the West coast present evident marks of disruption. There are unquestionably birds and insects upon the shores, and ducks are sometimes upon the Dead Sea should measure the heights of its banks, the elevation of the Mediterranean, and the difference of level between the bottom of the two seas, and that the depth of the Dead Sea should be also an exact multiple of the height of Jerusalem above it." Another not less singular fact, in the opinion of Lieut. Lynch, is " that the bottom of the Dead Sea forms two submerged plains, an elevated and a depressed one. The first, its Southern part, of slimy mud covered by a shallow bay; the last its Northern and largest portion, of mud and incrustations and rectangular crystals of salt-at a great depth, with a narrow ravine running through it, corresponding with the bed of the river Jordan at one extremity, and the Waddy el Jeib,' or Wady within a Wady,' at the other." "The slimy ooze," says Lieut. Maury, "upon that plain at the bottom of the Dead Sea, will not fail to remind the sacred historian of the slime pits' in the vale, where were joined in battle four kings with five."" RELIGIOUS CONTROVERSIES. He To what are called "religious controversies," Housman entertained nearly as strong an objecin which Satan generally gains more than God, tion as he did to political party conflicts. felt, with Baxter, that while we wrangle here in the dark, we are dying and passing to the world that will decide all our controversies, and the safest passage thither is by peaceable holiness. "Ye furious disputants, ye defenders of the faith, but destroyers of peace, ye know not what the evil to which you may conduce. manner of spirit ye are of, nor can you estimate Where the grand principles of the Bible, the guilt, the weakness, and the ruin of man, the love, the truth, and the preciousness of the Saviour, who of God is made unto us wisdom and righteousness and sanctification, where these principles are maintained with meekness, and yet with firmness, are felt in the conscience and evidenced, in the conduct, there is the spirit of glory and of God; there is a soul for which the Saviour withheld neither His interposition nor His life, and there surely is an object too dignified to be insuited by our reproaches, too closely allied to the common friend and Father of His people, to be wounded by our unkindness. These angry disputants have need to be reminded that whilst they contend earnestly for the faith, without forbearing one another in love, they undermine the cause they mean to support; they sacrifice the comforts and the beauty of godliness to the pride of party; they exhibit religion, not as altogether lovely," but in a state of mutilation, deformity and disgust; they strengthen the hands of infidelity, which they seem desirous to enervate, and, to say all in a word, they betray their Master with a kiss." 66 "If Michael durst not bring a railing accusation against Satan, how dare we against our brethren? We have enough to do to make men love one another. Real believers are children of the same heavenly Father, born of the same Holy Spirit, redeemed by the same precious blood, struggling against the same enemies and snares, and travelling with the same encouragements and hopes, to the same country of everlasting rest. It has been the artifice of the Devil in all ages, to disturb, if not entirely to destroy this harmony and love. St. Paul tells some professors that they were ready to bite and to devour one another,' and he complains himself of the evil treatment he had received, where he might certainly have expected support and kindness. Thus it has ever been, and thus it ever will be, until that blessed period arrives when Satan shall be bound by the everlasting arm of the Son of God. A disposition to judge with rashness, to condemn without proof, and to revile without mercy, will, in many a melancholy instance, mark those who call themselves the disciples of the meek and merciful Jesus. And many a believer who is in the habit of bearing his fellow Christians upon his heart at a throne of Grace, may have frequent occasion to renew this complaint I was wounded in the house of my friends.' Housman had lived to see and to feel the beauty and the power of the law of love, the grand centre law of the moral system of the Universe, and the foundation principle of the law of the Redeemer. "Love," says Simeon, "is the universal conqueror." Housman found it to be so. Life of R. Housman. SCHABZIEGER OR SAP-SAGO CHEESE. The Schabzieger cheese is made in Switzerland by the mountaineers of the Canton of Glarus alone, and in its greatest perfection in the valley of Kloen. It is readily distinguished by its marbled appearance and aromatic flavour, both produced by the bruised leaves of the melilot. The dairy is built near a stream of water, the vessels containing the milk are placed on gravel or stone in the dairy, and the water conducted into it in such a manner as to reach their brim. The milk is exposed to the temperature of about six degrees of Reaumur (fortysix degrees of Fahrenheit,) for five or six days, and in that time the cream is completely formed. After this, it is drained off, the caseous particles are separated by the addition of some sour milk, and not by rennet. The curd thus obtained is pressed strongly in bags, on which stones are laid; when sufficiently pressed and dried, it is ground to powder in autumn, salted and mixed with either the pressed flowers, powdered and sifted, or the seeds, of the melilot trefoil. (Melilotus officinalis.) The practice of mixing the flowers or the seeds of plants with cheese, was common among the Romans, who used those of the thyme for that purpose. The entire separation of the cream, or unctuous portion of the milk, is indispensable in the manufacture of Schabzieger. The unprepared curd never sells for more than three-half pence a pound; whereas, prepared as Schabzieger it sells for six-pence or seven-pence.-For. Rev. and Cont. Mis. For Friends' Review. Being an address on the history of the Loganian Society, read before a meeting of that body, held Ninth month 13th, 1848. By an HONORARY MEMBER. Some eighteen months since, we spent an agreeable hour in perusing a little pamphlet entitled "Haverford Revisited." It purported to be an account of a re-union at the school, of nearly one hundred of its former pupils, who had met by appointment, for the purpose of re-kindling the old feelings of interest in the institution, and of indulging together for a day in the pleasures of social intercourse, and of school-boy recreations. A meeting of the Loganian Society was also held, at which an address was delivered by one of its former members. The occasion, as might have been expected, was one of no common interest. Many met that day who had forgotten one another for years, and who last had parted at the very threshold, which their feet now pressed together. But scenes and circumstances were strangely and sadly changed. "The glow of early thought" had been dimmed in the daily cares and struggles of life; they had parted as boys, gladly escaping from the trammels of a flourishing and prosperous school; they met as men, who in their measure had tried the world, and had found the ignis fatuus of happiness never so near to them, as when from that very spot they had started in its pursuit. But there was a graver cause of sadness to the old scholars of Haverford, than the mere workings of fancy or of memory. The walls which so often had listened to the sober recitations of their school days, or to the merry laugh of their leisure hours, had now grown cold and gray; the grass had overspread the walks, which arm in arm they had so often trod together; and the old woods that again and again had re-echoed to the ring of the ball alley, or the careless whistle of the wanderer, were now silent as the tomb: Haverford was deserted. There was something of romantic regret that sobered the countenances of still the youthful band that were assembled around the grave, as it were, of their old alma mater; and something perhaps of romantic enthusiasm, which inspired many of them to proclaim a crusade to rescue the hallowed spot from the possession of strangers. But a nobler motive than either of these, was at work in the breasts of most who were present on that occssion; a sentiment of gratitude to those who had founded and thus far sustained through innumerable difficulties, so useful an institution, and of duty towards those who might hereafter be entitled to a participation in its benefits. They had themselves experienced the inestimable advantages which the liberal education received there gave them, even in the every day concerns of life, and they could not but feel that it were recreant to the principles instilled there, to permit Haverford School to pass into the hands of strangers without a blow having been struck by the old students on its behalf. Be the motive, however, what it might, the result was, that before separating that day, a movement had commenced for the benefit of the institution, which subsequent organization so far perfected as to attain fully the object in view. The school, after great exertion, was re-established, and on the tenth day of Fifth mo., 1848, again re-opened, under the most favourable circumstances. We would not claim, however, for the old students, too large a share of the credit of its revival, nor forget that their endeavours would have been fruitless without the cordial and liberal co-operation of its older and more able friends. Among these, there is one whose name, we think, deserves particular notice at this time, and we cannot but regret the oversight which has caused its omission in the little pamphlet now before us. Had it not been for the munificent foundation which George Howland, of New Bedford, laid down at the commencement of the undertaking, the hope of reviving Haverford would not have been entertained; and at a subsequent critical period, when the amount necessary to secure the object had been nearly but not fully obtained, and yet the liberality and exertions of its friends seemed almost exhausted, had he not again come forward to stimulate their wearied energies by another most liberal proposition, that hope must have been utterly abandoned. We cannot but express the desire, may he long live to see the beneficial results of his noble generosity; and the future course of the school may be such as never to awaken a feeling of regret for its opportune exercise. But to return to the subject which forms the caption of this article. At the close of the recent session of Haverford, a former member (Henry Hartshorne, M. D.,) was invited by the Loganian Society to deliver before it an address, embracing the history and objects of that association. The task he has ably performed, and we propose to extract from the essay, a few passages which may prove interesting to the readers of the Review. After an appropriate introduction, he thus proceeds to take a glance at the history of the school itself. "We should, however, in tracing the chronicles of the Society as a unit, look back beyond its origin to that of the Institution in and from which it had its life. This subject is a familiar one to us all. It "The Society of Friends, in its commencement, was not a company of learned men. was called out from the multitude on the ground of no scholastic dogma, nor on that of rank, nor caste, nor circumstance. One high prerogative of its mission was to lay low the pride of human learning, by showing that gifts almost Apostolic were conferred on men as unlettered sometimes as the fishermen of old. They had their learned and their nobly born; but the number of finished scholars among them was small. They maintained a separation of themselves and their children from the life and manners of the world; and were thus shut out from the great fountains of literature and science, the colleges and universities. "As the Society prospered, however, and felt itself growing and independent even in temporal affairs, the value of enlarged information and mental developement began to be not only appreciated, but cared for actively. In England, exclusive schools upon a liberal scale and somewhat elevated standard have existed for many years. But it is a fact, that at the time Haverford School was started, the Society of Friends in this country was, in proportion to its condition in other respects, inferior in education and opportunities of advanced learning, to the cultivated and respectable portion of other sects. This deficiency was observed by many influential men; and they sought to enlarge the influence of their body, and thus to promote the cause to which it is devoted, by establishing a collegiate Institution for young Friends." After describing its location he proceeds to pay a handsome and well deserved tribute to the exertions of the former President of the Society, and for a long time Principal of the School-Daniel B. Smith. FRIENDS' REVIEW. "We must ever regard his good influence," he concludes," as having been the most important element in the developement of our minds and the formation of our characters. "It is not from any want of respect or gratitude toward the other able and excellent men, one of whom is now no more, to whom, as students of Haverford, past and present, we all owe so much, that we thus dwell on the first President of the Loganian Society; but because, from his peculiar connection with it by interest and circumstance, he was, and is, in our recollection, identified with Haverford." 66 While acquiescing fully in the above sentiment, we would pause for a while over the recollection of that excellent and distinguished man, mournfully alluded to in the extract just quoted, as one now no more." Not less valued for his private worth and virtue, than for his eminent attainments in abstract science, John Gummere declined the tender of a Professorship in the University of Pennsylvania for the more retired but perhaps not less useful position of the Mathematical Chair at Haverford; and for more than ten years he devoted every energy of mind and body to the advancement, not only of the interests of the pupils, but of the school itself. spacious bower, but that the nobler vine which "In 1838 the Society and the School received handsome contributions from Nathan Dunn; and it was from his offers that the suggestion of the building of a new and enlarged Greenhouse originated. A Committee to obtain subscriptions for this purpose was soon after appointed, and the aid of the Committee of Managers on the Lawn was solicited. With their help, the sum of between two and three thousand dollars was collected,-and the present conservatory was its result. The carpenter shop seen from the west end of the school-house was also erected by aid of the same funds. There is no doubt that these, and the garden, mostly kept in beautiful order, and rich in valuable plants, were highly important portions of the moral and intellectual economy of the School. They were Long after the duties of the day were over, a part of that enlarged and liberal plan for the and both teachers and students had retired for education and developement of mind and heart refreshment and repose, might his care-worn in young men, which raised Haverford far above form be seen bending over some abstruse inves-ordinary schools and even colleges; and which tigation which the constant engagements of his station prevented his completing during the usual hours of labour. True, he is now "no more," but his name will be cherished not only on the annals of the distinguished scientific men of our country, but in the hearts and in the memories of many of the students of Haverford. The Address goes on to give a hurried sketch of the concerns of the Society since its commencement, which will probably be more interesting to its members than to the community at large; but we cannot forbear an extract from its proceedings upon the occasion of receiving a communication "from Thomas P. Cope, Isaac Collins, and Bartholomew Wistar, of Philadelphia, from which it appeared that they had erected at their own expense, and presented to the Loganian Society, the spacious and elegant arbour for grape-vines at the east end of the greenhouse, together with the vines with which it is stocked. The members of the Society, sensible of the liberality which prompted the expenditure, and of the confidence in them which was implied by the gift, thereupon pledged themselves, by resolution, to take every needful care of the same, and to appropriate the fruit to the general use of the students and of the family of the Institution. They reciprocated the wish, expressed by the donors, not only that no unwholesome grapes might ever be borne on the it is hoped may in time generally supersede all narrower and less efficient schemes." After other historical reminiscences the orator goes on humorously to say: 66 I may be excused from dwelling in detail on the suceeeding portions of the Society's history, -on account of its similarity to what has gone before, and the absence of personal acquaintance A great degree of literary with the events. activity appears to have existed in '41 and '42. After this, tempered by an occasional burst of imagination, the practical business-like work of the Society seemed to predominate in interest with the members. The garden, the greenhouse, the carpenter shop and lathe, the swing, Science and utility and the Committees on Natural History, occupied most of its time. bore rule, and poetry and philosophy were at a discount. This in fact is the prevailing spirit of the present age." And now we come to that passage in the History of the School which we have attempted to describe in the early part of this notice, but which appears more at length in the following extract: "At last, in 1845, the crisis came: the social atmosphere was overclouded, and for want of sustaining warmth the vine so long carefully tended at Haverford died down to the root: Haverford School was closed. "But it was the scene of too many early asso |