of cotton and woollen machinery? Whence came the invention of the cotton-gin, and the improvements in railroads? Where was born the mighty genius who invented the first lightning rod, which sends the electric fluid harmless into the earth; or that other genius, not less beneficent, who invented the second lightningrod, which sends the same fluid from city to city, on messages of business or affection? These are results which you can no more have without common education, without imbuing the public mind with the element of knowledge, than you can have corn without planting, or harvests without sunshine. Look into the Patent Office reports, and see in what sections of country mechanical improvements and the application of science and the useful arts have originated. Out of five hundred and seventy-two patents, issued in 1847, only sixty-six were to the slave States. The patents annually issued, it is true, are a mingled mass of chaff and wheat, but some of it is wheat worthy of Olympus. I think the Patent Office reports show, that at least six or eight times as many patents have been taken out for the North as for the South. What improvements will a slave ever make in agricultural implements; in the manufacture of metals; in preparing wool, cotton, silk, fur, or paper, in chemical processes; in the application of steam; in philosophical, nautical, or optical instruments; in civil engineering, architecture, the construction of roads, canals, wharves, bridges, docks, piers, &c.; in hydraulics or pneumatics; in the application of the mechanical powers; in household furniture, or wearing apparel, in printing, binding, engraving, &c., &c.? This question, when put in relation to slaves, appears ridiculous, and yet it is no more absurd, when asked in reference to an ignorant slave, than when asked in reference to an uneducated white man. The fact that the latter is a voter makes no difference; notwithstanding the common opinion, in certain latitudes, that it does. All such improvements come from minds which have had an early awakening, and been put on scientific trains of thought in their childhood and youth-a thing utterly impossible for the people at large with out common schools. These are the causes; now look at effects. In three New England States the iron manufacture is twenty times as much, according to the population, as it is in Virginia, and yet Virginia has far more of the ore than they. In cotton, we can hardly find a fraction low enough to express the difference. The ship building in Maine and Massachusetts is thirty-five times as much as in Virginia. The North comes to the South, cuts their timber, carries it home, manufactures it, and then brings it back wrought into a hundred different forms, to be sold to those who woul dsee it rot before their eyes. Can any man give a reason why Norfolk should not have grown like New York, other than the difference in the institutions of the people? Jamestown was settled before Plymouth, and had natural advantages superior to it. Plymouth now has a population of between seven and eight thousand; is worth two millions of dollars, and taxed itself last year, for schools and school houses, more than seven thousand dollars. I ought rather to say, that it invested more than seven thousand dollars in a kind of stock, that yields a hundred per cent. income. How many bats there may be in the ruins of Jamestown the last census does not inform us. The books printed at the South, I suppose not to be one-fiftieth part the number printed at the North. In maps, charts, engravings, and so forth, the elements of comparison are all on one side. Out of universal education come genius, skill, and enterprise, and the desire to better one's condition. Industry and frugality are their concomitants. Diversified labour secures a home market. Diligence earns much, but the absence. of the vices of indolence saves more. Hence comforts abound, while capital accumulates. After the home consumption is supplied, there is a surplus for export. The balance of trade is favourable. All the higher institutions of learning and religion can be liberally supported. These institutions impart an elevated and moral tone to society. Hence efforts for all kinds of social ameliorations. Temperance societies spring up. Societies for preventing crime; for saving from pauperism; for the reform of prisons and the reformation of prisoners; for peace; for sending missionaries to the heathen, for diffusing the Gospel;-all these, where a sound education is given, grow up in the order of Providence, as an oak grows out of an acorn. The free schools of the North lead to the common diffusion of knowlege and the equalization of society. The private schools of the South divide men into patricians and plebians; so that, in the latter, a nuisance grows out of education itself. In the public schools of New York, there are libraries now amounting to more than a million of volumes. In the schools of Massachusetts the number of volumes is relatively less, but the quality is greatly superior; in each of these States, within half an hour's walk of the poorest farm-house or mechanic's shop, there is a library, free and open to every child, containing works of history, biography, travels, ethics, natural science, &c., &c., which will supply him with the noblest capital of intelligence wherewith to commence the business of making himself a useful and intelligent citizen. With the exception of New Orleans, (whose free schools were commenced and been presided over by a Massachusetts man,) and three or four other cities, all the libraries in the public schools of the Slave States could be carried in a | slippery stones and deep holes, one has to look school boy's satchel. The libraries of all the well to his movements, lest he should come universities and colleges of the South contain down.-Lowthian's Visit to Jerusalem. 223,416 volumes; those of the North, 593,897 volumes. The libraries of southern theological schools, 22,800; those of northern, 102,080. The southern States are all within what may be called "the latitudes of genius;" for there is a small belt around the globe, comprising but a few degrees of latitude, which has produced all the distinguished men who have ever lived. I say this difference results from no difference in natural endowment; the mental endowments at the South are equal to those in any part of the world; but it comes, because in one quarter the common atmosphere is vivid with knowledge, electric with ideas, while slavery gathers its Baotian fogs over the other. To be continued. The progress of refinement is enlightening our prisons, as well as other appurtenances of society. They have introduced gas into the Ohio penitentiary, and it is now lit up in the evening as brilliantly as any city saloon. The gas is manufactured in the building, from the grease saved from the prison kitchen. The whole eastern wing is lighted up by 98 burners, which enable the convicts to read in their cells, after the day's work is completed. Books are furnished to them by the Chaplain, and thus both physical and mental light is shed through the hitherto gloomy confines of the prisoner's cell. U. S. Gaz. STREETS OF JERUSALEM. A MORNING HYMN. Oh! may this day, indulgent Power, And will the eternal Power divine, Then let me serve Thee all my days, SUMMARY OF NEWS. Italy, some accounts representing that it had been accepted by Austria, while others render this statement doubtful. A powerful expedition had left Naples, intended for the subjection of Sicily. It is reported that the German Parliament had refused to sanction the armistice which had been concluded between Denmark and Prussia. EUROPE --The steamer Acadia arrived at Boston on the 24th inst., having left Liverpool on the 9th. The weather continuing very fine, the prospects of good crops continued bright, and in the London latest accounts they had risen materially at Livercorn market prices were depressed, though at the pool. The private letters, however, are said to differ considerably from the printed accounts, and an advance in our corn markets has been the consequence. The English cotton markets exhibit a limited demand, with a downward tendency in I went this day to see some of the principal prices. The French Assembly was engaged in streets in the centre of the city. They are five debating the Constitution, as reported by the Comor six in number, and from 150 to 200 yards mittee. There seems to be much uncertainty in each in length. There are no private housesregard to the French and English intervention in among them, all being shops and places of business. The shops are generally about six feet in front, and the floors are raised 3 feet from the level of the street, to which there are no steps. There are no windows, either with or without glass, but the door fills up the entire front; half of it down, and, extending a little way into the street, serves for laying goods upon. The shopman sits cross-legged on the floor, and never rises to serve his customers, who stand in the street without; nor need he, for all his goods lie upon shelves within his reach. The streets are not more than from six to eight feet wide, so that when the shops are open, it is rather difficult for people to pass each other in the business part of the town. The streets are neither flagged nor paved, but there are laid some large flat stones for the people to walk or step upon in wet weather; which are worn so smooth and sloping by the number of naked feet which tread upon them, that no one can walk safely and look at the shops at the same time; for between A Stated Meeting of the Female branch of the Auxiliary Bible Association of Friends of Philadel phia Quarterly Meeting, will be held on Fourthday, the 4th of Tenth month, at 3 o'clock, P. M., at the usual place. HAVERFORD SCHOOL. The winter term of this Institution will open on Fourth-day, the 11th of Tenth month next. It is particularly requested that those who propose as possible. Copies of the late circular will be sent sending students, should enter their names as early to the address of applicants. Application to be made to Charles Yarnall, Secretary to the Board of Managers, No. 39 Market street, Philadelphia. 9 mo. 30th.-2t. FRIENDS' REVIEW. VOL. II. A RELIGIOUS, LITERARY AND MISCELLANEOUS JOURNAL. PHILADELPHIA, TENTH MONTH 7, 1848. EDITED BY ENOCH LEWIS. Published Weekly by Josiah Tatum, Price two dollars per annum, payable in advance, or six copies for ten dollars. This paper is subject to newspaper postage only. For Friends' Review. MEMORIALS OF REBECCA JONES. (Continued from page 19.) No. 3. friend, on the sixth of Twelfth month, accompanied by Christianna Hustler, T. Corbyn, and Adey Bellamy, went to Colchester Quarterly Meeting, taking her abode at John Kendall's. After this, and a meeting at MannigAlexander's, to her old friend John Pemberton, tree, the following letter was written at Dykes then in Ireland. R. Jones to John Pemberton. Needham, in Suffolk, 6th mo. 17th, 1784. Esteemed friend,-I was much disappointed, among others, in not meeting with thee at London. I suppose by the return of S. Neale and J. Gough, thou hast been furnished with a particular account of the Yearly Meeting, and, among other things, what is concluded upon respecting the Women's Meeting. I desired S. F. to send thee a copy of the minute on that head. My heart was made thankful in that the women's application carried the weighty evidence of Truth with it, and that men Friends were made so feelingly sensible thereof, that they yielded as brethren. Her memoranda of the time spent in Great Britain and Ireland, (every day of which is noted,) are, in some particulars, curious and minute, and doubtless were designed to assist her memory in the preparation of an auto-biographical memoir, to which task, though her humility shrunk from it, she at times felt her mind drawn. They do not, however, assume the form of a regular religious diary, and afford very little aid to the present compilation. In a neat and comI have no doubt that my arrival in this land pact form, we find tables of the meetings of that nation, lists of the ministers, and of all the is a matter of astonishment to thee, as well as to Friends residing in the different places visited, many more, who do know what a poor feeble with other minutiæ. The deficiency in the creature I am. But, having resigned my life and diary is in a great measure supplied by her let-all into the Lord's hand, I have witnessed preters, and would be wholly so could we have servation over the mighty deep (our passage access to all that were written. A mere narrabeing four weeks from land to land, without any storm, in an easy ship, with an obliging, kind captain,) and was kept quiet in mind during the Voyage, trusting in the Providence of the Almighty, who has been rich in mercy towards Blessed be his great me, an unworthy servant. tive of her journeyings might be comprised from these, but to divest it of the portions which are only appropriate to the epistolary style, would deprive the general reader of much that might prove instructive, and lessen the interest of these memoirs to the numerous class of individuals to whom her memory is still fresh. The compiler moreover is desirous of presenting the subject in her words, rather than in his own. He has in his possession a rich collection of letters to and from R. J., and while he regrets his inability to obtain some others of especial value which were sent on her decease to the families of her correspondents, he feels bound to acknowledge his indebtedness to several friends in England and elsewhere,* for the kind loan of interesting letters. After having attended twenty meetings in London, (including the Yearly Meeting,) our name! weeks, my path was in the way of silent tribuDuring my stay in London, which was two lation, and at times very low, yet content to suffer with the seed, remembering that declaration, "Where I am there shall my servant be." And now, having attended the Quarterly Meeting at Colchester, and proceeding towards Woodbridge and Norwich Quarterlies, I dont see how may be directed afterwards, whether to proceed into Yorkshire before the cold weather or not. I see very little at a time; thou knowest it used to be so with me, and I am as poor a thing as at any time heretofore when abroad. But my Particular acknowledgment is due to Jas. P. Parke. I earnest prayer is that I may be kept in childlike simplicity, and in an humble, watchful frame of, family. May they increase in every durable mind; and indeed, the little opportunity I have had among Friends here, has furnished me already with a prospect of the need of steady circumspection and holy fear, to step along rightly and safely amongst the wise and great in this world. I can say of a truth I am willing to appear as a fool in their eyes; if but favoured with the great Master's presence, it is enough. Thou hast my true sympathy in thy particular allotment, and a degree of faith springs in my heart, that thou wilt, ere long, see thy way out of Ireland, and, I hope, be fraught with sheaves of solid peace and satisfaction of mind. And if, in divine direction, we should fall in with each other, it would be to me truly comfortable. But I dare not desire any thing of that sort, only that, however little my appearance among the tribes, and feeble my endeavours towards the promotion of the great cause, I may be preserved from bringing in any sort a blemish thereon-for it is in my view precious beyond all things. P. Brayton and M. Jenkins have gone towards Yorkshire-N. W. is there. I left the other Americans at London; C. Hustler being my companion, and Ralph Bainbridge, of Durham, with us. Thy dear spouse has opened her heart and house to my dear H. C., who will, for a time, abide with her. My H. C. could not yield with perfect resignation and clearness to a prospect under which she had laboured for some time of accompanying me; it was too great an indulgence; we were not to be gratified; and whether she may feel it again revived, I cannot tell; but of this I am fully convinced, that her desire of soul is to do right, and I trust, if she sees her way, and is helped along, she will be of service amongst women Friends in this nation, who are in want of suitable help in the discipline, and thou knowest she is peculiarly gifted therefor. I feel the precious unity whilst I am writing, and in it can freely subscribe myself thy poor little affectionate friend and sister, R. JONES. R. J. to Henry Drinker. Leiston Abbey, about 17 miles N. E. of Woodbridge, 6th mo. 23d, 1784. Yesterday, after the Quarterly Meeting at Woodbridge, being low, poor and disconsolate, I received a few lines from my good neighbour, brother and friend, H. D., which, being the first intelligence from my beloved native land, did revive me. The removal of that little valiant man, A. Benezet, will be a sensible chasm. But I remember from whence he derived his qualifications, and that the Divine fountain is inexhaustible. I feel, as I should do, on the occasion, and for dear Joyce, who is not far from the same peaceful mansion. It is truly comfortable to hear that I have a place in the affections of thy good. I note thy desire for my "growth in faith, strength and love, which casteth out all slavish fear," and I add to the necessary train, humility and childlike simplicity. My situation whilst on the voyage and in London, will, I expect, be imparted in tnat freedom which subsists between H. C. and thee. I left that city on the 12th, having worthy Christianna Hustler my companion. She has felt for me. T. Corbyn went with us to Colchesterattended that Quarterly Meeting-took a few [Manningtree, Needham and Ipswich,] in the way to that at Woodbridge. That being over, we are now on the way to Norwich Quarterly Meeting; after which, I hope to wait for right direction. Thou knowest I am a little one, and such dont see far at a time. What a favour that it is so! Dear Henry, dont forget thy feeble sister. My heart is earnestly desirous that I may be kept where only true safety is known, and I have felt very peaceful while sitting and looking like a fool amongst the great, wise and good. Several feeling Friends have been helpful in sympathy. I have admired at it, as my case has been quietly concealed within; but the heavenly fellowship enters deeper than words, and in it I have found comfort and sweetness. R. Valentine had a certificate signed for returning. On comparing the date of thy note with the memorandums made at sea, I find by my note of the 16th, that thy pen was under right direction. So be encouraged in future to do "what thy hand finds to do." I feel as I approach Norwich, much in the same situation as when drawing near London, and feel as willing to appear like a fool: so that I may be kept in my place, is my earnest desire. Norwich, 7th mo. 1st.*-The Quarterly Meeting here, ended yesterday. Wm. Matthews and E. Gibson, with divers others from a distance, attended, and though in many instances there is abundant cause of lamentation and mourning, yet the precious visitation of divine love was remarkably extended to the young people, many of whom were bowed under it. My heart was secretly comforted and raised in hope, that some of them will be preserved under it, and be made useful vessels in the family. Many of the youth here and in London are wide in their appearance from the ancient standard of plainness; but there is a tender part in them, so very susceptible, that 'tis beautiful to behold, and what I have often wished was the case with the gay and thoughtless among that class in my native city more generally. Upon the whole, it may be said with thankfulness, there is yet a solid number in this place, who are, under the present low state of things, much depressed. Among whom are • At John Gurney's. particularly worthy Edward Gurney and sister Mary, &c. I note the account of thy situation. I feel deeply with thee under it, and trust in the Lord's time thou'lt be released; still having a hope it As to future movements, I rather think my face will in a few days be turned towards York-will not be long before thou art set at liberty to shire. come into this nation again, where, if I am favoured to meet thee, I shall rejoice. N. Waln, P. Brayton, and M. Jenkins, are now in Yorkshire. T. Ross and S. Emlen are Hitherto, since I left London, I have been in London, detained by Thomas's indisposition helped with a little strength from day to day to and bad leg, he having hurt it on ship board. step along in the line of duty, and as thou I am afaid it will be tedious, if not worse." G. observes respecting thyself "trust the good D. yet in London. R. W. with a friend from cause has not been dishonoured," and am sinManchester has gone that way, and dear J. cerely desirous that I may be kept truly dependPemberton yet in the gloomy confines of Ire-ent on the all sufficient Helper of his people in land. I should rejoice in his release therefroin. Salute me to thy household, and to all other my dear friends who are too numerous to name particularly. May the Lord be near you, and keep me truly dependent on Him, is the prayer of thy obliged friend and sister, R. JONES. R. J. to Hunnah Pemberton. Norwich, 7th mo. 1st. I have been kept in the patience, and can, of a truth, say, the Lord hath been very gracious to me, a poor, unworthy creature, both by sea and land. And it is the prayer of my heart, that I may be kept humbly dependant upon Him alone, without whose renewed aid nothing can be availingly done in this day of grievous revolt and deep backsliding. Yet there is a comfortable prospect among the youth here, which will, I trust, as they keep under the sweet visitation with which they have been favoured, make some of them honourable, as, in the beginning, our forefathers were. R. Valentine with S. Fisher, I expect, sailed on the 16th in the Commerce, Capt. Truxton, who, I hope, will be as kind to them as he was to us, for he behaved to us with great courtesy and respect. I understand N. W. and M. Jenkins are gone into Scotland. The latter I expect, intends for Ireland. I have had no late account from T. Ross, whose leg was badly at London. Dillwyn and S. Emlen were also there. Wright is still with M. Routh, in the midland counties, and P. Brayton, I hear, is gone back to London. It proved the cause of his death. G. R. childlike simplicity and humility. Great need I find to be watchful, lest by a conformity to some customs which have crept in amongst this people, strength should be given to that part which stands opposed to the plain self-denying path into which our worthy predecessors were divinely drawn and enabled to walk. My mind is often led to admire why so many servants from a distance should be employed in this part of the vineyard, and as often am led to believe 'tis for some good and valuable purpose. Oh that nothing may be suffered to lay waste the service intended, but that we may all steadily eye the great Shepherd, and that he may be graciously pleased to furnish with strength and wisdom in all our movements to the praise of His worthy name, and the real benefit of the churches, is the humble prayer of thy truly affectionate friend and sister, R. JONES. 26th.† P. S.-T. Ross has gone for Bristol in order for Ireland. S. Nottingham is now in London. I have heard of the death of Thomas Millhouse. Since writing the above, George Dillwyn and S. Emlen are gone for Holland. I am now at Ackworth much tried, and in poor trim every way; yet my mind has been for some time and remains so feelingly dipped into sympathy with thee in thy present and late particular exercise, that I have often been on the inquiry, and am now informed* that thou hast John Pemberton, while on this visit, as well as at some other times, found his mind engaged in a manner ministers of our Religious Society. He was not only which has not been common of latter times, with engaged in the appointment of meetings where no Friends resided, and where meetings of Friends had not been previously held, and in visiting the prisoners confined in the jails, but he apprehended himself callpreach repentance to the people there. To this coned to walk through the streets of Londonderry, and cern he at length gave up, after a long and painful struggle. It is probable that this singular engagement was one of those to which R. Jones alluded in the letter before us. It was much to the credit of the people of Londonderry that no insult was offered to our Friend while employed in this remarkable mission. Exercises of a similar kind are several times noted in the early history of the Society; but the conduct of the populace was often very different from that which J. Pemberton experienced.-[ED. At Thomas Proctor's, Selby. |