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I dare do all that may become a man;
Who dares do more is none".

Lady M.

What beast was't, then,

That made you break this enterprize to me?
When you durst do it, then you were a man;
And, to be more than what you were, you would
Be so much more the man. Nor time, nor place,
Did then adhere, and yet you would make both :
They have made themselves, and that their fitness now
Does unmake you. I have given suck, and know
How tender 'tis to love the babe that milks me:
I would, while it was smiling in my face,
Have pluck'd my nipple from his boneless gums,
And dash'd the brains out, had I so sworn as you
Have done to this.

Mach.
Lady M.

If we should fail,

We fail'?

But screw your courage to the sticking-place,
And we'll not fail. When Duncan is asleep,
(Whereto the rather shall his day's hard journey
Soundly invite him) his two chamberlains
Will I with wine and wassel so convinces,
That memory, the warder of the brain,
Shall be a fume, and the receipt of reason
A limbeck only: when in swinish sleep
Their drenched natures lie, as in a death,
What cannot you and I perform upon

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6 Who dares Do more is none.] The old folios, instead of "do more," read

no more." The correction was made by Southern, in his folio, 1685.

7 We fail?] This is the punctuation of the folios, 1623, 1632, 1664, and 1685, and in this case, perhaps, we may take it as some evidence of the ancient mode of delivering the two words, "We fail?" interrogatively. Malone substituted a mark of admiration, " We fail!" and Steevens pursued the same course; but it may be doubted by some whether both these modes are not wrong, and that Lady Macbeth means merely to follow up what her husband says, by stating the result of failure, which, however, in the next line, she supposes impossible, if Macbeth be but resolute in his purpose.

8 Will I with wine and wassel so CONVINCE,] i. e. so overcome. The word is again used in the same sense, A. iv. sc. 3; and we have already had it so applied in "Love's Labour's Lost," Vol. ii. p. 377.

Th' unguarded Duncan? what not put upon
His spongy officers, who shall bear the guilt
Of our great quell'?

Macb.

Bring forth men-children only!

For thy undaunted mettle should compose

Nothing but males. Will it not be receiv'd,
When we have mark'd with blood those sleepy two
Of his own chamber, and us'd their very daggers,
That they have done't?

Lady M.

Who dares receive it other,

As we shall make our griefs and clamour roar
Upon his death?

Macb.

I am settled; and bend up

Each corporal agent to this terrible feat.

Away, and mock the time with fairest show:

False face must hide what the false heart doth know.

[Exeunt.

ACT II. SCENE I.

The Same. Court within the Castle.

Enter BANQUO, and FLEANCE, with a torch before him'. Ban. How goes the night, boy?

Fle. The moon is down; I have not heard the clock.
Ban. And she goes down at twelve.

Fle.
I take't, 'tis later, sir.
Ban. Hold, take my sword.-There's husbandry in
heaven2;

9 of our great QUELL!] To" quell" and to kill are in fact the same word in their origin, from the Saxon crellan. Here “quell" is used substantively.

1 Enter Banquo, and Fleance, with a torch before him.] This is the old stagedirection, which says nothing about a servant, as in the modern editions. Fleance carried the torch before his father.

* There's HUSBANDRY in heaven,] i.e. thrift, or frugality in heaven.

Their candles are all out.-Take thee that too.
A heavy summons lies like lead upon me,
And yet I would not sleep: merciful powers!
Restrain in me the cursed thoughts, that nature
Gives way to in repose!-Give me my sword.—

Enter MACBETH, and a Servant with a torch.

Who's there?

Macb. A friend.

Ban. What, sir! not yet at rest?

a-bed:

He hath been in unusual pleasure, and
Sent forth great largess to your offices3.
This diamond he greets your wife withal,

The king's

By the name of most kind hostess, and shut up
In measureless content.

Macb.

Being unprepar'd,

Our will became the servant to defect,

Which else should free have wrought.

Ban.

All's well.

I dreamt last night of the three weird sisters :
To you they have show'd some truth.

Macb.

I think not of them:

Yet, when we can entreat an hour to serve,

We would spend it in some words upon that business,

If
Ban.

you

would grant the time.

At your kind'st leisure. Mach. If you shall cleave to my consent, when 'tis, It shall make honour for you*.

Ban.

So I lose none

Sent forth great largess to your OFFICES.] It is not only needless, but improper, with Malone, to change "offices" of the old copies into officers. There were various "offices" in the residences of the nobility, and servants belonging to each to send largess to the "offices" in Macbeth's castle, was to give it to the persons employed in them.

4 If you shall cleave to my consent, when 'tis,

It shall make honour for you.] This passage has occasioned a good deal of discussion, but the sense seems evident: “If (says Macbeth) you shall adhere to my opinion, when that leisure arrives, it shall make honour for you."

In seeking to augment it, but still keep
My bosom franchis'd, and allegiance clear,
I shall be counsell'd.

Macb.

Good repose, the while!

Ban. Thanks, sir: the like to you.

[Exeunt BANQUO and FLEANCE".

Mach. Go; bid thy mistress, when my drink is ready, She strike upon the bell. the bell. Get thee to bed.—

Is this a dagger, which I see before me,
The handle toward my hand?

thee :

[Exit Servant.

Come, let me clutch

I have thee not, and yet I see thee still.
Art thou not, fatal vision, sensible

To feeling, as to sight? or art thou but
A dagger of the mind, a false creation,
Proceeding from the heat-oppressed brain?
I see thee yet, in form as palpable

As this which now I draw.

Thou marshall'st me the way that I was going;
And such an instrument I was to use.-

Mine eyes are made the fools o' the other senses,
Or else worth all the rest: I see thee still;
And on thy blade, and dudgeon, gouts of blood",
Which was not so before.-There's no such thing:
It is the bloody business, which informs

Thus to mine eyes.-Now o'er the one half world
Nature seems dead, and wicked dreams abuse

5 Exeunt Banquo and Fleance.] All the modern editors seem to have forgotten that Fleance had also to quit the stage, and merely note “Exit Banquo.” Fleance, no doubt, stood back while his father and Macbeth were talking together, and he goes out with Banquo, still carrying the torch. This was part of the economy of the old stage, which could not spare a performer merely for the purpose of carrying a torch, which might be borne by Fleance. When Macbeth enters with a servant, the "servant with a torch" is expressly mentioned in the stage-direction of the folios, and Macbeth has to send a necessary message by him to Lady Macbeth-" Go; bid thy mistress," &c.

• And on thy blade, and DUDGEON, GOUTS of blood,] The "dudgeon" is the handle or haft of a dagger: "gouts" of blood are drops of blood, from the Fr. goutte. The word was unusual in this sense.

The curtain'd sleep: witchcraft celebrates'
Pale Hecate's offerings; and wither'd murder,
Alarum'd by his sentinel, the wolf,

Whose howl's his watch, thus with his stealthy pace,
With Tarquin's ravishing strides, towards his design
Moves like a ghost.-Thou sure and firm-set earth,
Hear not my steps, which way they walk', for fear
Thy very stones prate of my where-about,
And take the present horror from the time,
Which now suits with it.-Whiles I threat, he lives:
Words to the heat of deeds too cold breath gives.

I

go, and it is done: the bell invites me. Hear it not, Duncan; for it is a knell, That summons thee to heaven or to hell.

[A bell rings.

[Exit.

7 The curtain'd sleep witchcraft celebrates] So all the old copies: editors since the time of Davenant (Mr. Knight is an exception) have inserted now before "witchcraft," but surely injuriously, as regards the effect of the line: it is much more impressive in the original; and, as has been often remarked, we have no right to attempt to improve Shakespeare's versification: if he thought fit to leave the line here with nine syllables, as he has done in other instances, some people may consider him wrong, but nobody ought to venture to correct him.

8 With Tarquin's ravishing STRIDES,] The folios have sides, out of which it is not easy to extract sense: the objections made to "strides" (which was Pope's word) have been two-fold; first, that it is not the reading of the old copies; and next, that "strides" does not indicate a "stealthy pace," or moving "like a ghost." We cannot see the force of the last objection, inasmuch as a person with such a purpose would take “strides,” in order that as few foot-falls as possible might be heard: neither is "strides " inconsistent with secrecy and silence. It was most likely a misprint.

Thou SURE and firm-set earth,] In the old copies of 1623 and 1632 it stands soure, instead of "sure;" but, no doubt, in the MS. from which the tragedy was printed in 1623, the word was written seure, a not very unusual mode of spelling it at that time; and hence the corruption, which became sour in the folio, 1685.

1

which way they walk,] The folios read, "which they may walk," obviously wrong. The Rev. Mr. Barry proposes another alteration of the old text, by reading, "where they may walk;" but wh was not used, as he supposes, for a contraction of where in manuscripts of the time: it was sometimes the contraction of "which," and if we conclude that they" and way had been transposed, and may misprinted for "way," it gives us the ordinary, and, we apprehend, the correct reading.

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