are.

At present I will support the wishes of my im-/ Now, the gist is by so much the greater, by patient desire, with hope of seeing, one day, those how much the more benefit I reaped by diligent [issues] which being committed to faithful pri- reading of those papers, and by comparing them vacy, wait the time till they may safely see the with some of the Lord Bacon's works, which I light, and not be stified in their birth.

myself had formerly published. For, to you we I wish, in the mean time, I could have a sight owe the more enlarged history de denso et raro, of the copy of the epistle to Sir Henry Savil, as also many other things contained in that concerning the helps of the intellectual powers : volume, which saw not the light before. One for I am persuaded, as to the other Latin remains, paper I wonder I saw not amongst them, the that I shall not obtain, for present use, the remo- epistle of the Lord Bacon to Sir Henry Savil, val of them from the place in which they now about the helps of the intellectual powers, spoken Farewell.

of long ago in your letters, under that or some Mrestricht, March 20,

such title, if my memory does not deceive me. New Style, 1655.

If it was not forgotten, and remains among your private papers, I should be glad to see a copy of

it, in the use of which my faithfulness shall not TRANSLATION OF THE THIRD LETTER WRITTEN be wanting. But perhaps it is written in the

BY MR. ISAAC GRUTER, TO DR. RAWLEY, CON- English tongue, and is a part of that greater

CERNING THE WRITINGS OF THE LORD BACON. volume, which contains only his English works. If To the reverend and most learned William you will please to let me understand so much,

Rawley, D. D., Isaac Gruter wisheth much and likewise give me assurance of obtaining that health.

book, in which the speeches, and it may be the

letters of the Lord Bacon, written by him in Reverend SIR, AND MY MOST Dear Friend,

English, are digested, you will render your meHow much I hold myself honoured by your mory sacred in my mind, in the veneration of present of the Lord Bacon's Posthumous Works, which, the cheerfulness of a most devoted affecpublished lately by you in Latin, my thanks im- tion shall never be weary. Farewell. mediately returned had let you understand, if ill From Maestricht, from whence, after two or fortune in the passage (which is, for divers causes, three months, I remove to Nimmeghen, nigher to uncertain) had not deluded the care of a friend, Holland. But you may convey to me any thing who did here with much readiness undertake the you desire, by Mr. Smith. conveyance of them.

July 1st, New Style, 1659.

LETTERS

FROM STEPHENS,

NOT PRINTED IN THE PREVIOUS PART OF THIS VOLUME.

TO MR. MATHEWE.

have had no serious speech with him, nor do I

yet know whether any of the doubles of my letter Sir, I was heartily glad to hear that you had have been delivered to the king. It may, perhaps, passed so great a part of your journey in so good have proved your luck to be the first. health. My aim was right in my address of let- Things are here in good quiet. The king acts ters to those persons in the court of Scotland, excellently well; for he puts in clauses of reserwho were likeliest to be used for the affairs of vation to every proviso. He saith, he would be England; but the pace they held was too swift, sorry to have just cause to remove any. He for the men were come away before my letters saith, he will displace none who hath served the could reach them. With the first, I have renewed queen and state sincerely, &c. The truth is, acquaintance, and it was like a bill of revivor, by here be two extremes, soine few would have no way of cross-suits; for he was as ready to have change, no, not reformation. Some many would begun with me. The second did this day arrive, have much change, even with perturbation. God, and took acquaintance with me instantly in the I hope, will direct this wise king to hold a mean Council Chamber, and was willing to entertain between reputation enough, and no terrors. In me with further demonstrations of confidence, my particular I have many comforts and assuthan I was willing at that time to admit. But, I rances; but, in my own opinion the chief is, that

TO MR. MATHEW.

the canvassing world is gone, and the deserving wishes of your company here, that so you might world is come. And, withal, I find myself as use the same liberty concerning my actions, one awaked out of sleep; which I have not been which now you exercise concerning my writings. this long time, nor could, I think, have been now For that of Queen Elizabeth, your judgment of without such a great noise as this, which yet is the temper, and truth of that part, which concerns in aurâ leni. I have written this to you in haste, some of her foreign proceedings, concurs fully my end being no more than to write, and thereby with the judgment of others, to whom I have to make you know that I will ever continue the communicated part of it; and as things go, I same, and still be sure to wish you as heartily suppose they are more likely to be more and more well as to myself.

justified, and allowed.

And, whereas you say, for some other part, that it moves and opens a fair occasion and broad way into some field of contradiction; on the other side, it is written to me from the Leiger at Paris, and some others

also, that it carries a manifest impression of truth SIR,—Two letters of mine are now already with it, and it even convinces as it goes. These walking towards you; but so that we might meet, are their very words; which I write not for mine it were no matter though our letters should lose own glory, but to show what variety of opinion their way. I make a shift in the mean time to rises from the disposition of several readers. be glad of your approaches, and would be more And, I must confess my desire to be, that my glad to be an agent for your presence, who have writings should not court the present time, or been a patient for your absence. If your body by some few places in such sorts as might make indisposition make you acknowledge the health- them either less general to persons, or less perful air of your native country, much more do I manent in future ages. As to the Instauration, assure myself that you continue to have your your so full approbation thereof, I read with much mind no way estranged. And, as my trust with comfort, by how much more my heart is upon it; the state is above suspicion, so my knowledge, and by how much less I expected consent and both of your loyalty and honest nature, will ever concurrence in matter so obscure. Of this I can make me show myself your faithful friend, with- assure you, that though many things of great out scruple: you have reason to commend that hope decay with youth, (and multitude of civil gentleman to me by whom you sent your last, businesses is wont to diminish the price, though although his having travelled so long amongst the not the delight, of contemplations,) yet the prosadder nations of the world make him much the ceeding in that work doth gain with me upon my less easy upon small acquaintance to be under- affection and desire, both by years and businesses. stood. I have sent you some copies of my book And, therefore, I hope, even by this, that it is of the Advancement, which you desired, and a well pleasing to God, from whom and to whom little work of my recreation, which you desired all good moves. To him I most heartily comnot. My Instauration I reserve for our confer- mend you. ence; it sleeps not. These works of the alphabet are in my opinion of less use to you where you are now,

than at Paris; and therefore I conceived that you had sent me a kind of tacit countermand of your former request. But, in regard that some SIR-Coming back from your invitation at friends of yours have still insisted here, I send Eton, where I had refreshed myself with comthem to you; and, for my part, I value your own pany, which I loved; I fell into a consideration reading more than your publishing them to others. of that part of policy whereof philosophy speaketh Thus, in extreme haste, I have scribbled to you I too much, and laws too little; and that is, of eduknow not what, which, therefore, is the less cation of youth. Whereupon fixing my mind affected, and for that very reason will not be awhile, I found straightways, and noted, even in esteemed the less by you.

the discourses of philosophers, which are so large in this argument, a strange silence concerning one principal part of that subject. For, as touching the framing and seasoning of youth

to moral virtues, (as tolerance of labours, contiSir,-I thank you for your last, and pray you nency from pleasures, obedience, honour, and the to believe, that your liberty in giving opinion of like,) they handle it; but touching the improvethose writings which I sent you, is that which I ment and helping of the intellectual powers, as sought, which I expected, and which I take in of conceit, memory, and judgment, they say noexceeding good part; so good, as that it makes thing; whether it were, that they thought it to me cecontinue, or rather continue my hearty l be a matter wherein nature only prevailed, or that

TO SIR HENRY SAVILLE.

TO MR. MATHEW.

TO THE KING.

they intended it, as referred, to the several and Papists, of all the world to speak well of you; and
proper arts, which teach the use of reason and besides, I am persuaded (which is above all
speech. But, for the former of these two reasons, earthly glory) you shall do God good service in it.
howsoever it pleaseth them to distinguish of I pray deal with his majesty in it. I rest
habits and powers; the experience is manifest

Your devoted and bounden servant, enough, that the inotions and faculties of the wit

Fra. Bacon.
and memory may be not only governed and June 13, 1616.
guided, but also confirmed and enlarged, by cus-
toms and exercise daily applied: as, if a man
exercise shooting, he shall not only shoot nearer
the mark, but also draw a stronger bow. And,
as for the latter, of comprehending these precepts, It may please your most excellent Majesty,
within the arts, of logic and rhetoric; if it be First, from the bottom of my heart I thank the
rightly considered, their office is distinct altoge- God of all mercy and salvation, that he hath pre-
ther from this point; for it is no part of the doc- served you from receiving any hurt by your fall;
trine, of the use or handling of an instrument, to and I pray his Divine Majesty ever to preserve
teach how to whet or grind the instrument, to give you, on horseback and on foot, from hurt and fear
it a sharp edge; or, how to quench it, or other- of hurt.
wise, whereby to give it a stronger temper. Now, touching the clothing business; for that
Wherefore, finding this part of knowledge not I perceive the cloth goeth not off as it should, and
broken, I have, but “tanquam aliud agens, that Wiltshire is now come in with complaint, as
entered into it, and salute you with it; dedicating well as Gloucestershire and Worcestershire, so
it, after the ancient manner, first as to a dear that this gangrene creepeth on; I humbly pray
friend, and then as to an apt person; forasmuch your majesty to take into your majesty's princely
as you have both place to practise it, and judg- consideration a remedy for the present stand,
ment and leisure to look deeper into it than I have which certainly will do the deed; and for any
done. Herein you must call to mind, "Apsov pày thing that I know, will be honourable and con-
it up. Though the argument be not of great venient, though joined with some loss in your
height and dignity, nevertheless, it is of great and majesty's customs, which I know, in a business
universal use. And yet I do not see why, to of this quality, and being but for an interim, till
consider it rightly, that should not be a learning you may negotiate, your majesty doth not esteem.
of height which teacheth to raise the highest And it is this:
and worthiest part of the mind. But, howsoever That your majesty by your proclamation do
that be, if the world take any light and use by forbid (after fourteen days, giving that time for
this writing, I will, the gratulation be to the good suiting men's selves) the wearing of any stuff
friendship and acquaintance between us two. made wholly of silk, without mixture of wool, for
And so recommend you to God's divine protec- the space of six months. So your majesty shall
tion.

supply outward vent with inward use, specially
for the finer cloths, which are those wherein the
stand principally is, and which silk wearers are
likest to buy; and you shall show a most princely

care over thousands of the poor people; and, be-
Sin,-There is a particular wherein I think you sides, your majesty shall blow a horn, to let the
may do yourself honour, which, as I am informed, Flemings know your majesty will not give over
hath been laboured by my Lady of Bedford, and the chase. Again, the winter season coming on,
put in good way by the Bishop of Bath and Wells, is fittest for wearing of cloth, and there is scope
concerning the restoring to preach of a famous enough left for bravery and vanity by lacing and
preacher, one Doctor Burgesse, who, though he embroidery, so it be upon cloth or stuffs of wool.
hath been silenced a great time, yet he hath now I thought it my duty to offer and submit this
made such a submission touching his conformity, remedy, amongst others, to your majesty's great
as giveth satisfaction. It is much desired also by wisdom, because it pleased you to lay the care of
Gray's Inn, (if he shall be free from the state,) to this business upon me; and indeed my care did fly
choose him for their preacher: and certainly it is to it before, as it shall always do to any knots and
safer to place him there, than in another auditory, difficulties in your business, wherein hitherto I
because he will be well watched, if he should any have been not unfortunate. God ever have you in
ways fly forth in his sermons beyond duty. This his most precious custody.
may seem a trifle; but I do assure you, in open- Your majesty's most faithful
ing this man's mouth to preach, you shall open

and most bounden servant, very many mouths to speak honour of you; and I

FRA. BACON confess I would have a full cry of Puritans, of

Sept. 13, 1616.

a

TO SIR GEORGE VILLIERS.

a

TO THE LORD VISCOUNT VILLIERS.

TO THE LORD VISCOUNT VILLIERS. the direction touching the conveniency. And, MY VERY GOOD LORD,

therefore, I send your lordship a form of warrant It was my opinion from the beginning, that this for the king's signature, whereby the framing of company will never overcome the business of the the business, and that which belongeth to it, cloth; and that the impediments are as much or may be referred to myself, with Serjeant Monmore in the persons which are instrumenta animata tague and Serjeant Finch; and though Montague than in the dead business itself.

should change his place, that alteration hurteth I have therefore sent unto the king here enclosed not the business, but rather helpeth it. And my reasons, which I pray your lordship to show because the inquiry and survey touching inns, his majesty.

will require much attendance and charge, and the The new company and the old company are making of the licenses, I shall think fit (when but the sons of Adam to me, and I take myself to that question cometh to me) to be to the justice have some credit with both, but it is upon fear of assize, and not to those that follow this busi. rather with the old, and upon love rather with the ness: therefore, his majesty may be pleased to new, and yet with both upon persuasion that I consider what proportion or dividend shall be understand the business.

allotted to Mr. Mompesson, and those that shall Nevertheless I walk in via regia, which is not follow it at their own charge, which useth in absolutely acceptable to either. For the new like cases to be a fifth. So I ever rest company would have all their demands granted, Your lordship's true and most devoted servant, and the old company would have the king's work

Fr. Bacon. given over and deserted.

Nov. 13, 1616. My opinion is, that the old company be drawn to succeed into the contract, (else the king's honour susfereth ;) and that we all draw in one way to effect that. If time, which is the wisest MY VERY GOOD LORD, of things, prove the work impossible or incon- I think his majesty was not only well advised, venient, which I do not yet believe, I know his but well inspired, to give order for this same majesty and the state will not suffer them to wicked child of Cain, Bertram, to be examined perish.

before he was further proceeded with. And I, I wish what shall be done were done with for my part, before I had received his majesty's resolution and speed, and that your lordship (be- pleasure by my lord chamberlain, went thus cause it is a gracious business) had thanks of it far; that I had appointed him to be further exnext the king; and that there were some commis- amined, and also had taken order with Mr. Solision under his majesty's sign manual, to deal citor that he should be provided to make some with some selected persons of the old company, declaration at his trial, in some solemn fashion, and to take their answers and consent under their and not to let such a strange murder pass as if it hands, and that the procuring the commission, had been but a horsestealing. and the procuring of their offers to be accepted, But upon his majesty's pleasure signified, I were your lordship's work.

forth with caused the trial to be stayed, and ex. In this treaty my lord chancellor must by no amined the party according to his majesty's quesmeans be left out, for he will moderate well, and tions; and also sent for the principal counsel in aimeth at his majesty's ends.

the cause, whereupon Sir John Tyndal's report Mr. Solicitor is not yet returned, but I look for was grounded, to discern the justice or iniquity him presently. I rest

of the said report, as his majesty likewise comYour lordship's true and

manded. most devoted servant, I send therefore, the case of Bertram, truly

Fr. Bacon. stated and collected, and the examination taken Monday, 14th of October, at 10 of the clock.

before myself and Mr. Solicitor; whereby it will appear to his majesty that Sir John Tyndal (as to this cause) is a kind of a martyr; for if ever he

made a just report in his life, this was it. TO TIIE LORD VISCOUNT VILLIERS.

But the event since all this is, that this BerMY VERY GOOD LORD,

tram being, as it seemeth, indurate or in despair, Now, that the king has received my opinion, hath hanged himself in prison; of which acciwith the judge's opinion into whom it was dent, as I am sorry, because he is taken from referred, touching the proposition for inns in example and public justice, so yet I would not point of law; it resteth that it be moulded and for any thing it had been before his examination. carried in that sort, as it may pass with best con- So that there may be otherwise some occasion tentment and conveniency. Wherein I, that ever taken, either by some declaration in the King's love good company, as I was joined with others Bench upon the return of the coroner's inquest, in the legal points, so I desire not to be alone in or by some printed book of the fact, or by some VOL. III.-10

G

other means (whereof I purpose to advise with | kept as a secret in the deck, (and was not only of my lord chancellor) to have both his majesty's Hartington, but also of most of the other particuroyal care, and the truth of the faci

, with the lars in your book,) I caused to be thoroughly circunstances manifested and published. looked into and provided for; without which

For the taking a tie of my lord chief justice your assurance had been nothing worth; and yet before he was placed, it was done before your i handled it so, and made the matter so well etter came, and on Tuesday Heath and Shute understood, as you were not put to be a suitor to shall be admitted and all perfected.

the prince, for his good will in it, as others My lord chancellor purposeth to be at the hall ignorantly thought you must have done. to-morrow, to give my lord chief justice his oath ; Fifthly, The annexation,* (which nobody I pray God it hurt him not this cold weather. dreamt of, and which some idle, bold lawyer God ever prosper you.

would perhaps have said had been needless, and Your true and most devoted servant, yet is of that weight, that there was never yet

Fr. Bacon. any man that would purchase any such land Sunday night, the 17th of November, 1616.

from the king, except he had a declaration to discharge it;) I was provident to have it discharged by declaration.

Sixthly, Lest it should be said, that your lordTO THE LORD VISCOUNT VILLIERS.

ship was the first, (except the queen and the My very good Lord,

prince) that brake the annexation, upon a mere I am glad to find your lordship mindful of your gift ; for that others had it discharged only upon own business, and if any man put you in mind sale, which was for the king's profit and necesof it, I do not dislike that neither; but your lord-sity; I found a remedy for that also; because I ship may assure yourself in whatsoever you com- have carved it in the declaration, as that this mit to me, your lordship’s further care shall be was not gift to your lordship, but rather a purneedless. For I desire to take nothing from my chase and exchange (as indeed it was) for Shermaster and my friend, but care, and therein I am bourn. so covetous, as I will leave them as little as Seventhly and lastly, I have taken order (as may be.

much as in me was) that your lordship in these Now, therefore, things are grown to a conclu- things which you have passed be not abused, if sion, touching your land and office, I will give you part with them; for I have taken notes in a your lordship an account of that which is passed; book of their values and former offers. and acquaint your judgment (which I know to be Now for your office. great and capable of any thing) with your own First, Whereas my Lord Teynham at the first business; that you may discern the difference would have had your lordship have had but one between doing things substantially, and between life in it, and he another; my lord treasurer, and shuffling and talking: and first for your patent. the solicitor and Deccombe were about to give

First, It was my counsel and care that your way to it; I turned utterly that course, telling book should be fee-farm and not fee-simple; them that you were to have two lives in it, as whereby the rent of the crown in succession is well as Somerset had. not diminished, and yet the quantity of the land Secondly, I have accordingly, in the assurance which you have upon your value is enlarged; from your deputies, made them acknowledge the whereby you have both honour and profit. trust and give security not only for your lordship's

Secondly, By the help of Sir Lyonel Cranfield time, but after: so as you may dispose (if you I advanced the value of Sherbourn from 26,0001. should die, which I would be sorry to live to the (which was thought and admitted by my lord profits of the office by your will or otherwise to treasurer and Sir John Deccomb as a value of any of your friends, for their comfort and advancegreat favour to your lordship, because it was a ment. thousand pounds more than it was valued at to Thirdly, I dealt so with Whitlocke as well as Somerset) to thirty-two thousand pounds, where- Heath as there was no difficulty made of the surby there was six thousand pounds gotten and yet render. justly.

Lastly, I did cast with myself, that if your Thirdly, I advised the course of rating Harting- lordship's deputies had come in by Sir Edward ton at a hundred years' purchase, and the rest at Coke, who was tied to Somerset, it would have thirty-five years' purchase fee-farm, to be set been subject to some clamour from Somerset, down and expressed in the warrant; that it may and some question what was forfeited by Someruppear, and remain of record, that your lordship set's attainder (being but of felony) to the king : had no other rates made to you in favour than but now they coming in from a new chief justice, such as purchasers upon sale are seldom drawn all is without question or scruple. unto; whereby you have honour. Fourthly, 'That lease to the feoffees, which was nexed to the Duchies of Cornwall and Lancaster,

1